Gihan Ibrahim
Gigi Ibrahim (nke a na-akpọkwa Gihan Ibrahim, amụrụ n'afọ 1986 ma ọ bụ n'afọ 1987) bụ onye nta akụkọ na onye na-eme ngagharị iwe. N'oge Mgbanwe ọchịchị Ijipt na 2011, ọ kọrọ ihe ndị mere banyere ngagharị iwe ahụ wee bụrụ ihu nke ihe omume ahụ maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ Mgbasa ozi ọdịda anyanwụ.
A mụrụ Ibrahim na Long Beach, California na nne na nna Ijipt ọ bụ ezie na ọ kwagara Ijipt n'oge na-adịghị anya, ebe o biri ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ. Ezinụlọ ya mechara laghachi California, ebe ọ malitere ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Katọlik. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị n'afọ 2005, na-aga Orange Coast College na mbụ tupu ọ gaa Mahadum America dị na Cairo n'afọ 2008. Ọ malitere itinye aka na nzukọ Revolutionary Socialists ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2010 na nzere na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.
Ibrahim ghọrọ onye na-ahazi ngagharị iwe ahụ na 2011 ma jiri Twitter dekọọ ihe omume ndị mere n'oge mgbanwe ahụ. tweets ya nyekwara aka n'Òtù ndị na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ idekọ njide na ime ihe ike n'oge mgbanwe ahụ. mgbasa ozi ọdịda anyanwụ weere ya dị ka ihu nke mgbanwe ahụ. Mgbe nnupụisi ọchịchị nke afọ 2013 gasịrị, Ibrahim họọrọ ịnọ n'Ijipt ma gaa n'ihu na-etinye aka na mmegide na ngagharị iwe. O mechara soro guzobe ụlọ ọrụ na-Imepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Cairo. Nwanne ya nwoke nke obere bụ Ahmed Hassanein, onye America na-agba bọọlụ maka Mahadum Boise State.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Ibrahim na Long Beach, California na nne na nna Ijipt [1] na 1986 ma ọ bụ 1987. [2] Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri Ijipt. Mgbe nne ya nwụsịrị, ya na nna ya na nwanne ya nwanyị laghachiri California [1] na 2001; ọ dị afọ iri na anọ n'oge ahụ.[3] Ọ debara aha ya n'Ụlọ akwụkwọ Katọlik dị n'ógbè ahụ dị ka nwa akwụkwọ ọhụrụ.[3]
Mgbe Ibrahim nọ na izu nke abụọ nke klas ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, mwakpo nke Septemba 11 mere. N'echi ya, ndị ọrụ Federal Bureau of Investigation nyochara ụlọ Ibrahim, na-akọwa na onye agbata obi kpọrọ tipline iji kọọrọ ezinụlọ ahụ. Nchegbu nke onye agbata obi ahụ bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na nwanne nna Ibrahim na-agagharị n'èzí n'abalị mgbe ọ na-asụ Arabic na oku ekwentị, na nso nso a ka a kwụsịrị ụgbọala U-Haul n'èstre ụlọ ha. Dị ka naanị onye Alakụba nọ na klas ya, a rịọkwara Ibrahim ka ọ kwuo okwu banyere Islam n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na ezinụlọ ya anaghị ekpe okpukpe. Ahụmahụ ahụ mere ka Ibrahim ghọta na ndụ ya ga-adị iche n'ihi na ọ bụ onye Alakụba na onye Ijipt.[3]
N'ime afọ ndị sochirinụ, Ibrahim nwetara mmasị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[3] Ọ sonyere n'otu ìgwè na-akwado ikike nke ndị mbịarambịa na-akwadoghị na United States na nzaghachi maka ihe ọ hụrụ dị ka ịkpa ókè nke iwu mbịaramba site n'aka Ndị uwe ojii mpaghara, ọ na-etinye aka na mmegide ndị Palestine. Otú ọ dị, ọ maghị ihe omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Ijipt n'oge ahụ, ọ gakwara Ijipt naanị obere oge.[4]
Ibrahim gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Cornelia Connelly High School na 2005, [1] wee gaa Orange Coast College . [1] Ọ gara Mahadum America dị na Cairo [1] [2] na 2008 [3] mgbe ọ dị afọ 22, ebe ọ banyere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara nke Ijipt ma sonye na ngagharị iwe n'afọ 2009 na 2010. N'oge a, ọ sonyeere ndị Revolutionary Socialists, nke ọ bụ onye otu ya. [4] Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2010 na nzere na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[1]
Mmetụta na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ijipt
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ibrahim gwara Al Jazeera na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya malitere mgbe ọ malitere ịgwa ndị na-etinye aka na ọrụ ọrụ, na ahụ erughị ezinụlọ ya ala na ọ na-aga ngagharị iwe. Ọ tinyere aka na mgbanwe mgbanwe Egypt nke 2011 [2] dị ka onye nhazi, [3] [4] na-etinye aka na akụkọ akụkọ ụmụ amaala site na iji mgbasa ozi ọha gụnyere Twitter mgbe ọ na-aga ngagharị iwe [5] [6] "ịgbasa ozi ziri ezi na eserese foto dị n'ala."[7] Ibrahim na ndị ntorobịa Ijipt ndị ọzọ na Twitter na-ekere òkè n'ịhazi ihe omume nke January 25, 2011. Tweet ya nyekwara aka idetu njide na ime ihe ike obodo[8] maka òtù ndị ruuru mmadụ. [4][5]
N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, Ibrahim kọrọ na e jidere ya n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ na-ese Ihe nkiri nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ Njem ọha na eze na Cairo, a tọhapụrụ ya mgbe ọ kwetara ihichapụ ihe nkiri ya.[6]
Ka ọ na-erule oge oyi nke afọ 2012, Ibrahim nwere ihe karịrị ndị na-eso ụzọ 30,000 na Twitter, ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ngagharị iwe megide Kansụl Kasị Elu nke Ndị Agha. [7]
Nnakwere site na mgbasa ozi ọdịda anyanwụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ibrahim ghọrọ ihu nke ihe ndị mere n'Ijipt maka ọtụtụ ndị mgbasa ozi.[8] Ọ na-apụta mgbe niile na CNN, mgbe ụfọdụ na-ebi ndụ site na ngagharị iwe nke afọ 2011, ma na-akọkwa na ndụ site na Ngagharị iwe na Al Jazeera. [3][20] A naghị ekwukarị echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na mgbasa ozi ọdịda anyanwụ.[8]
Judy Woodruff kọwara Ibrahim dị ka "akara nke nnupụisi" na PBS NewsHour. Na Daily Show, Ibrahim gwara Jon Stewart na ya na mbụ sonye na ngagharị iwe ahụ n'ihi klaasị ọ gụrụ na Mahadum America dị na Cairo nke a na-akpọ "Social Mobilisation under Authoritarian Regimes."[2] Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ site na iji Skype. , na ihe omume ihu n'ihu nke February 2011 akpọrọ "Gigi's Revolution" nyochara mmekọrịta ya na ezinaụlọ ya ndị Egypt na "mgbalị ya ime ka ezinụlọ ya kwenye ezi omume nke ihe kpatara ya."[3] Na February. 14, 2011, ọ pụtara na ihe ngosi okwu Al Jazeera English n'akụkụ Alaa Abd El-Fattah na Mohamad Waked iji kparịta ihe ndị mere na Egypt mgbe ọdịda nke Hosni Mubarak gasịrị. E gosikwara ya n’ihu magazin Time nke February 28, 2011, mgbe e mesịrị katọọ isiokwu metụtara ya na mbipụta ahụ site n’ikwu na West “kwesịrị ikwere na anyị apụghị ime [mee ka mgbanwe kwe omume] ma ọ bụrụ na ha ejighị ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu dijitalụ. "[9]
Mgbe nnupụisi ọchịchị nke afọ 2013 gasịrị n'Ijipt
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2013, ọtụtụ ndị agha si na mgbanwe ahụ họọrọ ịhapụ mgbe nnupụisi ọchịchị nke afọ 2013 gasịrị, mana Ibrahim nọgidere.[10] Ka ọ na-erule Julaị afọ , Ibrahim bi na Nasr City ma gaa n'ihu na-ekere òkè na mmegide na ngagharị iwe.[11] N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu a na-akpọ Third Square nke gbakọtara na Sphinx Square na Giza iji mee mkpesa megide gọọmentị ndị agha na Muslim Brotherhood . [12]
Mgbe ọchịchị 2013 gasịrị, di Ibrahim gara mba ọzọ n'ihi na ọ chọrọ ka ọ bụrụ onye nta akụkọ, ebe ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Cairo. Na Jenụwarị 2021, ọ gwara Jeune Afrique na ọ dị ize ndụ ịme ngagharị iwe na ịbụ onye odeakụkọ na-arụghị ọrụ n'aha ọchịchị, na-akọwa na "Anyị bi ugbu a n'okpuru onye ọchịchị aka ike karịa Mubarak [...] Mkpesa ọ bụla bụ a na-eme ngagharị iwe ugbu a n'okpuru ala.. "[10]
Ọrụ mmepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mgbe ọchịchị 2013 gasịrị na Egypt, Ibrahim hiwere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ na Cairo.[1] Edemede Septemba 2021 na The National kọwara Ibrahim dị ka onye nwe ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ Cairo Bulga, nke hiwere na 2016, yana onye ọrụ nka Mona Sorour. Ibrahim na-elekọta mgbasa ozi, mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ire ere maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, bụ nke aha ya bụ balgha omenala. A na-emepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ site na mmekorita ya na ndị otu ụmụ amaala na mpaghara dị iche iche nke Egypt ma rụpụta ya n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ n'ofe mba ahụ, na-eji naanị ihe ndị Ijipt na ọrụ; Ibrahim kwuru na mbelata nka nka ọdịnala sitere na mmụba nke ihe ndị a na-emepụta n'ụka bụ isi ihe na-emepụta Bulga..[13]
Ibrahim nwere Paspọtụ United States ma nwee ike ịhapụ Ijipt. N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, ọ kọwaara The New Yorker mkpebi ya ịnọgide na mba ahụ, na-ekwu na "Ma eleghị anya ebe a ka m bụ nwa amaala nke abụọ dị ka nwanyị Ijipt, mana [na US.] Abụ m onye na-eyi ọha egwu nke abụọ".[3]
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Gigi Ibrahim '05. Cornelia Connelly High School. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Mackey (January 27, 2011). Interview With an Egyptian Blogger (en-US). The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Egyptian activist to speak at this year's CWA (en). University of Colorado Boulder (March 16, 2011). Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Hidalgo. "Redes sociales, política y activismo" (in es). Quehacer. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ England. "A digital revolution in Egypt and beyond", New Internationalist, May 2011. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Tarek (October 2, 2011). Activist Gigi Ibrahim to keep filming drivers' protests despite military arrest (en). Ahram Online. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Woods (2012). "The Faces of Tahrir Square: Last spring's protests were only the beginning of a much longer struggle". The Virginia Quarterly Review 88 (1). ISSN 0042-675X. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Tufekci (July 2013). ""Not This One": Social Movements, the Attention Economy, and Microcelebrity Networked Activism" (in en). American Behavioral Scientist 57 (7): 858–859. DOI:10.1177/0002764213479369. ISSN 0002-7642. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Srinivasan (2017). "5. Taking Back Our Media", Whose Global Village?. New York University Press. DOI:10.18574/nyu/9781479873906.003.0009. ISBN 9781479873906. Retrieved on May 24, 2021.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Jachmann (January 25, 2021). Égypte – Gigi Ibrahim: " La contestation se fait désormais dans la clandestinité " (fr-FR). Jeune Afrique. Archived from the original on March 17, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Gigi Ibrahim Discusses What Happens Next in Egypt with Tim Pool (en). Vice News (July 5, 2013). Archived from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Parvaz (August 23, 2013). Between Tahrir and Rabaa: The Third Square (en). Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved on May 22, 2021.
- ↑ Tabikha (September 2, 2021). How fashion label Bulga is reviving traditional Egyptian shoes with an artisanal touch. The National. Archived from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved on 2021-10-02.