Guinea-Bissau Creole
Guinea-Bissau Creole, nke a makwaara dị ka Kiriol ma ọ bụ Crioulo, [1] bụ Asụsụ Creole nke okwu ya sitere na Portuguese. A na-asụ ya na Guinea Bissau, Senegal na Gambia. Ndị na-asụ ya na-akpọkwa ya guinensi, [2] kriyol, ma ọ bụ portuguis.
Ndị Bissau-Guinea 250,000 na-asụ Creole dị ka asụsụ ala nna ha ['citation needed]">citation needed] na dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ site na 1,000,000. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
A na-asụkwa ụdị Guinea-Bissau Creole na ndịda Senegal, ọkachasị na mpaghara Casamance, nke bụbu ógbè Portuguese, nke a maara dị ka Portuguis Creole ma ọ bụ Casamance Creole. Creole [3] asụsụ ọtụtụ ndị bi na mpaghara Casamance ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka asụsụ azụmahịa.
Standard Portuguese bụ asụsụ gọọmentị nke Guinea-Bissau, mana Guinea-Bisau Creole bụ asụsụ nke azụmahịa, akwụkwọ na ntụrụndụ. naghị eji ya eme ihe na mgbasa ozi, omeiwu, ọrụ ọha na eze ma ọ bụ mmemme agụmakwụkwọ.
Asụsụ Creole nke Upper Guinea bụ asụsụ Creole kachasị ochie a maara nke okwu ya sitere na Portuguese. Ha pụtara na mbụ gburugburu ebe obibi ndị Portugal guzobere n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Afrịka; Guinea-Bissau Creole so n'ime ndị Creole Portuguese a na-ahapụ ka ha pụta. Ndị ahịa na ndị bi na Portugal malitere iso ndị obodo ahụ na-agwakọta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ozugbo. Obere ndị bi ebe ahụ a na-akpọ lançados ("ndị a chụpụrụ"), nyere aka na mgbasa nke asụsụ Portuguese na mmetụta site n'ịbụ ndị na-anọchite anya n'etiti ndị Portuguese na ụmụ amaala.
E nwere ụdị atọ dị iche iche nke Creole a na Guinea-Bissau na Senegal: Bissau na Bolama, Bafata, na Cacheu-Ziguinchor.
Asụsụ creole bụ asụsụ nke ndị obodo: Mandingas, Manjacos, Pepéis na ndị ọzọ, mana ọtụtụ n'ime okwu (ihe dị ka 80%) sitere na Portuguese.
Asụsụ Portuguese nke Casamance, nke a maara dị ka Casamance Creole">Portuguese Creole ma ọ bụ Casamance Creole, yiri nke Cacheu (Guinea-Bissau) nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ nke French. Fijus di Terra (Filhos da Terra, English: Children of the Land) na Fijus di Fidalgu (Port. Filhos de Fidalgo, Eng. Children of Nobles) na-asụ ya, a maara ha niile, n'ógbè, dị ka Purtuguis n'ihi na ha na-eji omenala Europe, bụ Ndị Katọlik ma na-asụgharị Creole. Ha bụ ụmụ nke ndị ikom Portuguese na ndị inyom Africa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere aha nna Portuguese, dị ka da Silva, Carvalho ma ọ bụ Fonseca. Alaeze Casamance nke mbụ ya na ndị Portugal jikọrọ aka na eze obodo ahụ nabatara ụdị ndụ Europe, e nwekwara ndị Portugal n'ụlọ ikpe ya. N'afọ 1899, e nyere obodo ahụ na France ma n'etiti narị afọ nke 20, asụsụ ahụ gbasara na mpaghara ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Mgbe Senegal nweere onwe ya site na France, a na-ele ndị Creole anya dị ka ndị enyi nke ndị France, na ịkpa ókè site n'aka ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Wolof n'ebe ugwu malitere, nke mere ka Casamance lụọ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe kemgbe 1982. Taa, ọ bụ ezie na ha na-aga n'ihu na-alụ ọgụ, òtù ahụ dị jụụ karị ma na-amụ asụsụ Portuguese na-ewu ewu na Casamance n'ihi na ha na ya nwere njikọ na oge gara aga ha. [3] na-amụta ya na Senegal kemgbe mba ahụ nweere onwe ya na France. Na Senegal, Creole bụ asụsụ mbụ nke ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 46,500 (1998); a na-asụkarị ya na Ziguinchor, mana enwere ndị na-asọ ya n'obodo Casamance ndị ọzọ na Gambia.
Ojiji nke Guinea-Bissau Creole ka na-agbasawanye mana na ntinye aka na-arịwanye elu site na Portuguese (n'ihi telivishọn, ịgụ na ide, ùgwù na ịkwaga Portugal) na asụsụ Africa (site na mbata nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ ndị Afrịka gaa n'obodo ukwu nke Guinea- Bissau, ebe Creole jupụtara).
Ihe Nlereanya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Nkwupụta Ụwa Nile Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ
Creole: Tudu pekaduris ta padidu libri i igual na balur suma na diritus. Suma e dadu kapasidadi di pensa, e tene tambi konsiensia, e dibi di trata nutru suma ermons. Tudu pekaduris ta padidu libri i igual na balur suma na diritus. Suma e dadu kapasidadi di pensa, e tene tambi konsiensia, e dibi di trata nutru suma ermons.[4]
Portuguese: a na-amụ ụmụ mmadụ n'efu ma ha nhata na nkwanye ùgwù na ikike. [5]'ịbụ ndị nwere ezi uche na akọ na uche, ha ga-eme ihe n'etiti onwe ha n'ime mmụọ nke ọbụbụenyi.
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
na-eme ihe nkiri h dị ka onye na-eme egwuregwu Chouchou, nke a họpụtara ya maka César Award maka onye na-ese ihe nkiri kacha mmana-eme ihe nkiri bụ ị ka onye na-eme egwuregwu Chouchou, nke a họpụtara ya maka César Award maka onye na-ese ihe nkiri kacha mma..
- ↑ Benson (2003). "Possibilities for educational language choice in multilingual Guinea-Bissau", in Huss: Transcending Monolingualism: Linguistic Revitalization in Education. Swets & Zeitlinger, 67–88. ISBN 1134380828.
- ↑ Scantamburlo (2019). Dicionário do Guineense, 2a., Lisboa: Colibri. ISBN 9789896898106. OCLC 1091114509.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Horta (12–25 April 2006). A Língua Portuguesa no Senegal (Portuguese). Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved on 10 December 2014.
- ↑ Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Crioulo da Guiné-Bissau (Guinea Bissau Creole). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
- ↑ [1]
Akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]