Ihe Na-akpali Ike

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The Energy Catalyzer (also called E-Cat) is a claimed cold fusion reactor[1] devised by inventor Andrea Rossi with support from the late physicist Sergio Focardi.[2] An Italian patent, which received a formal but not a technical examination, describes the apparatus as a "process and equipment to obtain exothermal reactions, in particular from nickel and hydrogen".[3] Rossi and Focardi said the device worked by infusing heated hydrogen into nickel powder, transmuting it into copper and producing excess heat.[4] An international patent application[5] received an unfavorable international preliminary report on patentability in 2011 because it was adjudged to "offend against the generally accepted laws of physics and established theories".

Ngwaọrụ ahụ abụrụla ihe ngosi na nnwale ọtụtụ oge, ndị ọkachamara dị iche iche na ndị ọzọ kwuru maka ya. Ọ nweghị ule onwe onye emerela, ọ nweghịkwa nyocha ngwaọrụ nke ndị ọgbọ ebipụtala. Steve Featherstone dere na Science Popular na ka ọ na-erule n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2012 Rossi "nkwupụta na-enweghị isi" maka E-Cat yiri ka ọ bụ nke ọma. [6]

Ihe ngosi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị ọbị a kpọrọ òkù gara ọtụtụ ngagharị iwe na Bologna n'afọ 2011. A chọpụtabeghị ngwaọrụ ahụ n'onwe ya. [1][7] ngosipụta nke Jenụwarị, onye nyocha nke Discovery Channel Benjamin Radford dere na "Ọ bụrụ na nke a niile na-ada ụda nye gị, ọ kwesịrị," nakwa na "N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, njikọta oyi yiri nke igwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ na-emegide iwu nke physics, mana nke ahụ anaghị egbochi ndị mmadụ na-azọrọ mgbe ụfọdụ na ha mepụtara ma ọ bụ chọpụta otu. " [1] Dị ka Phys.org si kwuo (11 Ọgọst 2011), ngosipụta ndị e mere site na Jenụwarụ ruo Eprel 2011 nwere ọtụtụ ntụpọ nke mebiri ntụkwasị obi ha ma Rossi jụrụ ime ule nke nwere ike ịnwale ya.

Ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Mahadum Bologna agawo ụfọdụ ihe ngosi E-Cat, mana naanị dịka ndị na-ekiri ihe nkiri. Na 5 November 2011, Mahadum Bologna mere ka o doo anya na ndị na-eme nchọpụta ya etinyeghị aka na ihe ngosi ahụ nakwa na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị ahụ mere na mahadum. Rossi abanyela na mahadum ahụ nkwekọrịta, mana nkwekọrịta ahụ kwụsịrị, ọ dịghịkwa nnyocha e mere n'ihi na Rossi akwụghị ụgwọ mbụ. [8][9][10] [11]

N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, a nwalere otu ahụ ma kwuo na ọ ga-ewepụta 2,635 kWh n'ime awa ise na ọkara nke ọnọdụ onwe ya, nkezi ike nke 479 kilowatts - ihe na-erughị ọkara nke ike e kwere nkwa nke otu megawatt. [12] naghị ekwe ka ndị na-ekiri ihe na-eme n'onwe ha kirie ihe ndị ahụ ma ọ bụ mee nke ha, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nọgidekwara na-ejikọta ya na ike n'oge ule ahụ iji nye ndị na-akwado ya na pọmpụ mmiri ike. [13]

Mgbe ya na Rossi rụchara ọrụ, Sergio Focardi kwubiri na mmeghachi omume nuklia na-eme n'ime Energy Catalyzer. Focardi na-ekwu na usoro nuklia na-enyere aka site na mgbakwunye nzuzo, nke naanị Rossi maara ọ bụghị ya. ka Focardi si kwuo, usoro ahụ ga-adị obere na-enweghị mgbakwunye a. [14] na-akọ na Rossi na Focardi enweghị ike ịchọta akwụkwọ sayensị a na-enyocha ndị ọgbọ nke ga-ebipụta akwụkwọ ha na-akọwa etu ha si ekwu na Energy Catalyzer na-arụ ọrụ. [15] [16] pụtara naanị na blọọgụ Rossi bipụtara n'onwe ya, [1] Journal of Nuclear Physics. [2]

N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2014, otu akwụkwọ ndị edemede ahụ na-enyochaghị dịka akụkọ Mee n'afọ 2013 kọwara nsonaazụ sitere na nyocha na Machị n'afọ 2014 nke mbipụta E-Cat nke na-agba ọsọ na okpomọkụ dị elu. N'adịghị ka ngosipụta ndị gara aga, a na-eme nnwale ahụ na ngwá ọrụ nlekota na n'ụlọ nyocha nke Rossi na-enyeghị, ma na-agba ya ogologo oge (ụbọchị 32). [17]

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

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Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zyga, Lisa. "Controversial energy-generating system lacking credibility (w/ video)", PhysOrg, 2011-08-11.
  2. ↑ Lisa Zyga. "Italian Scientists claim to have demonstrated cold fusion.", PhysOrg, 2011-01-20. “Andrea Rossi and Sergio Focardi of the University of Bologna announced that they developed a cold fusion device”
  3. ↑ processo ed apparecchiatura per ottenere reazioni esotermiche, in particolare da nickel ed idrogeno.. Italian Office for Patents and Trademarks. Archived from the original on 3 February 2016. Retrieved on 9 December 2023. “Patent Number 0001387256, Deposited 9 April 2008, Issued 6 April 2011, Inventor: Andrea Rossi”.
  4. ↑ Deotto, Fabio. "Fusione fredda realizzata a Bologna. Sarà vero?", Daily Wired, 19 January 2011. (in it)
  5. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named patent_app
  6. ↑ Featherstone (2012). "Andrea Rossi's Black box infinite energy: a lone Italian inventor says he has built a machine that can power the world. Could the answer to humanity's energy troubles be so simple?". Popular Science 281 (5). 
  7. ↑ Benjamin Radford (21 January 2011). Cold fusion: Cold Fusion Claims Resurface. Discovery.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2011. Retrieved on 21 May 2011.
  8. ↑ E-cat: dichiarazione del Dipartimento di Fisica, 26 January 2012, University of Bologna.
  9. ↑ E-cat: non-ci sono misure in atto. Università di Bologna (2012-08-27).
  10. ↑ Mackinson, Thomas (2011-11-09). Fusione fredda fatta in casa Grande scoperta o grande bufala?. Il Fatto Quotidiano. “"The University of Bologna – the notice states – is not involved on E-Cat experiments conducted by Leonardo Corp.”
  11. ↑ E-cat: l'Università di Bologna non è coinvolta (it). UNIBO Magazine. University of Bologna (2011-11-05).
  12. ↑ Zreick, Irene (2011-11-15). Fusione fredda: a chi fa gola l'E-Cat? (it). Focus.. Retrieved 18 November 2011. "Il cliente era rappresentato da Domenico Fioravanti, ingegnere, colonnello del Genio in pensione, che pare abbia scelto personalmente che cosa controllare, e come, durante il test. In conferenza Fioravanti affiancava Rossi, ma non-c'è stato modo di strappare neppure un indizio sull'identità dell'azienda rappresentata."

    TRANSLATION: "The customer was represented by Domenico Fioravanti, engineer, retired colonel of the military engineering, who seemed to choose personally what to control, and how, during the test. In the course of the [press] conference Fioravanti was side by side with Rossi, but even a single hint concerning the identity of the represented company was impossible to get."
  13. ↑ Brandon, John. (2011-11-02). Cold Fusion Experiment: Major Success or Complex Hoax?. Fox News.
  14. ↑ Clarke, Peter. "Italian scientists claim cold fusion success", EE Times, 2011-01-24.
  15. ↑ Focardi, S (2010-02-28). A new energy source from nuclear fusion. Journal of Nuclear Physics (blog). Retrieved 18 November 2011.
  16. ↑ Jennifer Ouellette (2011). Could starships use cold fusion propulsion?. Archived from the original on 2012-01-07. Retrieved on 2023-12-09. “Journal of Nuclear Physics, which is Andrea Rossi's own private journal.”
  17. ↑ Levi (2014). Observation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved on 11 February 2015.
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