Ihe oyiyi nke Paul Kruger, Church Square
| Oge/afọ mmalite | 1896  |
|---|---|
| mba/obodo | South Africa |
| dị na ngalaba nhazi mpaghara | Pretoria |
| located on street | Church Square, Pretoria |
| nhazi ọnọdụ | 25°44′47″S 28°11′17″E |
| ụdị | public art |
| Onye nchepụta | Anton van Wouw |
| depicts | Paul Kruger |
| nchịkọta | State Library Victoria |
Ihe oyiyi nke Paul Kruger ( Afrikaans ) bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ ọla nke dị na Square Square dị na Pretoria, South Africa . Ihe oyiyi a na-egosi Paul Kruger, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye agha Boer na onyeisi oche nke South African Republic site na 1883 ruo 1900, na ndị agha Boer anọ a na-akpọghị aha. A kpụrụ ihe oyiyi Paul Kruger na 1896 wee tinye ya na ebe ọ dị ugbu a na Church Square na 1954. [1]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Anton Van Wouw bụ nke mbụ rụrụ ihe oyiyi a na 1896 na-eso ọrụ Sammy Marks, onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta akụ na ụba ya na South African Republic, bụ onye ji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-akwado President Paul Kruger . Ebu ụzọ tinye ihe oyiyi a na Prince's Park wee bufee ya n'otu ebe na mpụga ọdụ ụgbọ oloko Pretoria . Ihe oyiyi a na-egosi Paul Kruger ka o yi okpu kacha elu na akwa onye isi ala jiri okpete dị n'elu oche . [2] Tinyere Paul Kruger, ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ nwere ndị agha Boer anọ a na-akpọghị aha na nkuku n'okpuru isi plinth. [3] N'afọ 1956, a kpọgara ihe oyiyi a n'ebe ọ dị ugbu a na Church Square nwere oghere ọhụrụ ma Daniel François Malan kpugheere ya ebe ahụ. [1]
ndabere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'August 1895, ọchịchị Kruger enweghị mmasị n'etiti ndị njikwa Ngwuputa Uitlander na ndị isi obodo Johannesburg . Ụfọdụ akọwawo ya dị ka onye ọchịchị aka ike, onye dị warara, na onye obi tara mmiri; asịrị nwere na a ga-akwatu "oligarchy" (dịka a na-akpọ gọọmentị mgbe ahụ) n'oge na-adịghị anya na Pretoria.
Marks mere ka onye isi akaụntụ ya depụta atụmatụ nye Onye isi ala na Council Executive na-enye £ 10,000 n'obodo Pretoria iji wuo ihe oyiyi mabul nke Kruger n'ebe ọ masịrị ya. Otú ọ dị, Marks kwuru na "ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-ekwe omume," a ga-enyefe ihe oyiyi ahụ kpọmkwem site n'aka ya, na-achọ ka onye ọ bụla nwere mmasị kwuo aha onye na ụlọ akụ kwesịrị itinye ego ahụ. Na 5 September Marks nwetara azịza ya: Gọọmenti kelere ya "maka onyinye bara ụba ya" wee gwa ya na Kruger weere Burgers Park dị ka saịtị dị mma ma kwe nkwa maka ego ọ bụla a ga-eji na-achọta Pretoria Zoo . E tinyere ego ahụ n'akwụkwọ ndekọ ego a raara nye na National Bank of South Africa Republic n'aha Treasurer-General.
Ndị isi nke Cabinet na ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke Republic rụrịtara ụka banyere isi ihe kacha mma nke ihe oyiyi ahụ. Dr. Nico Mansvelt, onye nlekọta nke Education na ọkachamara nkà, weere bronze ka mma na marble nyere ikike nke ikpeazụ iji na-edozi ihu igwe Transvaal; Mansvelt kwenyekwara na Gọọmenti kwesịrị ịnakwere iwu ahụ kama ịhapụ ya n'aka Marks n'onwe ya. Marks kwetara na n'oge na-adịghị anya, ha biri na Van Wouw, onye a na-amaghị nke ọma na ụwa nkà.
Van Wouw na imewe ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Onye Dutch bụ Van Wouw bịara ZAR dị ka nwa okorobịa wee biri na Pretoria, na-akụzi klaasị ịse na mgbatị steeti na ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị mgbe obere oge dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ ụlọ ahịa. Onye na-enwe mmasị na Kruger dị ka Marks, Van Wouw weere uwe mkpuchi onye isi ala na okpu kachasị elu dị ka akụkụ nke ya na-apụghị ịpụ apụ, ihe ndị nkatọ ga-emesị mebie Van Wouw maka ịkọwapụta. Ọ zara ha, sị: "Enweghị ha, agaghị m amata ya! Na tailcoat na top okpu, m ga-eme! "Van Wouw gbalịrị igosi "kwa ụbọchị" Kruger: Kruger na veranda ya, na ụmụ amaala na 6:00 nke ụtụtụ. ịchọ ya abụghị nanị iji kparịta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kama ikekwe nanị ịchọ ndụmọdụ banyere ịgwọ ehi na-arịa ọrịa ma ọ bụ nkasi obi n'ihe mfu ya na nso nso a. Maka Van Wouw, Kruger bụ isi nkuku nke nnwere onwe, ya mere ihe ncheta ahụ kwesịrị igosipụta àgwà ya "kwa ụbọchị".
Ihe ngosi eserese ya gosipụtara Kruger n'uwe steeti, na-eguzo nwayọ na pedestal, n'ihe Van Wouw lere anya dị ka àgwà nna. Abụọ n'ime ndị Boers anọ e gosipụtara n'okpuru ihe oyiyi ya sitere na oge Voortrekker na abụọ sitere n'oge Van Wouw, onye nke ọ bụla nyochara ya na otu n'ime ntụziaka ndị kadinal anọ. E bu n'uche ka ha ghara ịbụ ndị agha a zụrụ azụ kama ndị agha obodo nkịtị: ndị na-anọkarị ma na-eche nche, gbara gburugburu Van Wouw bụ isi na akara nke ọnọdụ Kruger dị ka nna n'ime obi ndị ya na nnwere onwe nke Republic. Marks na ndị otu Volksraad na Executive Council nke Republic bịara ilele ihe osise a, nke kwadoro.
Na 7 October 1896, ihe karịrị ọnwa iri na atọ mgbe mbụ Marks nyere onyinye, ya na Kruger kwetara ka Van Wouw pụọ na Europe iji lekọta ọrụ na France na Italy . Ọ nọgidere na mba ofesi ruo 1 Eprel 1898, mgbe ọ laghachiri na Pretoria. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe ncheta ahụ maka £ 40 kwa ọnwa na njedebe afọ abụọ (yana nkwụghachi ụgwọ maka ịgha ụgha na nkedo). E nyekwara ezinụlọ ya ohere ịgafe na Europe n'efu, gụnyere ebe ọrụ n'ebe ahụ. Ka ọ na-erule Disemba 1896, ọ nọ na Europe, buru ụzọ kwurịta atụmatụ ya na onye nnọchianya nke Republic na ndị ọkachamara na ịme ihe ngosi na nkedo na Netherlands. Onye ozi ahụ, JGT Beelaerts van Blokland, na-echegbu onwe ya na okpu n'elu ga-eme ka onyinyo kpuchie ihu Kruger ma zoo atụmatụ ya, nke Van Wouw jisiri ike, na-akọwa na ọ ga-abụ ihe a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na Transvaal Boer dị ka Kruger ga-eguzo okpu-enweghị. n'okpuru anyanwụ Africa. Nanị ihe onye ozi ahụ nyere n’ọrụ ikpeazụ ahụ bụ ihe e hotara na Bible n’otu akụkụ nke ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ, ya bụ Abụ Ọma 91 :15-16:
Dị ka onye ozi ahụ si kwuo, Kruger na-ele anya n'amaokwu ndị ahụ, ma Kruger enweghị obi ụtọ na otuto e nyere ya n'ihi nkwenye ya na ndị dị otú ahụ kwesịrị ịgakwuru Chineke, ya mere na-arịọ ka ọ dochie anya Abụ Ọma 105 : 4-5:
Lenu Jehova na ike-Ya anya; chọọ ihu ya mgbe niile. Cheta ihe-ebube nile nke Ọ meworo, na ọlu-ebube-Ya nile, na ikpé-Ya nile nke Ọ kwuputara.
N'ihi ọnọdụ a na-ebuli ihe ncheta ahụ, ọchịchọ a emezughị ma ọ dịghị ederede pụtara na pedestal.
Achọ mkpali[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mgbe Van Wouw malitere ịmegharị ihe oyiyi Voortrekker n'okpuru ọkụ, ọ maghị ihe ha na-ele anya n'ụzọ zuru ezu, n'adịghị ka Kruger maara nke ya na ndị Boers abụọ nke oge a ọ gosipụtara nanị dị ka ọ na-ahụ ha kemgbe ọ bịarutere, ya bụ na ajị agba, bandolier., na egbe Martini-Henry . Enweghị foto na nkọwa ole na ole dị oké ọnụ ahịa dịnarị nke ochie Voortrekker gia, Otú ọ dị, Van Wouw wired Pretoria ka o ziga ya ngwa Voortrekker zuru ezu, gụnyere mpi ntụ ntụ, bandolier, na flintlock . Gọọmenti gbalịsiri ike ịchọta uwe n'oge ahụ na Transvaal Museum mana ha chịkọtara ihe ha chọrọ n'aka ụmụ amaala nke mpaghara Rustenburg bụ ndị ka nwere iberibe.
Nsogbu ọzọ bilitere na paịlị ọla anọ nke ụdị Van Wouw nwere ikewapụ ndị sentries n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla nke pedestal ahụ. Otu panel nke ọ bụla ga-egosi ihe omume sitere na ndụ Kruger, malite na nwata ya na-azụ atụrụ n'akụkụ nna ya n'oge nnukwu Trek . Enweghị ike ịchọta foto ndị dị ndụ ma ọ bụ ozi ndị ọzọ site na oge a, Van Wouw nwetara ikike kama ịmalite na ntinye aka nke nkwekọrịta udo nke 1881 na-ejedebe Agha Boer mbụ na O'Neill's Cottage na Laing's Nek . Na ihe omume ahụ, mgbe ahụ, osote onye isi ala Kruger debere ọnọdụ ya na ndị nnọchiteanya Britain maka ịwepụ ha mgbe mmeri Boer meriri na Agha Majuba Hill, gụnyere ịchọta nnwere onwe nke Boers nke Sir Theophilus Shepstone nyere na 1877. Ogwe ọla nke abụọ wetakwara nsogbu, Van Wouw tụlere ikpochapụ ya ruo mgbe odeakwụkwọ steeti South African Republic mere ka ọ dobe ebe onye ọchịagha Rustenburg dị afọ 29 na-amaba n'ọgụ n'etiti ndị agha iro na Agha nke Makapansgat . Otú ọ dị, ọzọ, ọ dịghị foto ma ọ bụ nkọwa zuru ezu dị nso, na-akpali onye odeakwụkwọ iziga njem (gụnyere onye hụrụ agha ahụ na onye na-ese foto) iji see foto ndị dị mkpa n'ọgba ahụ. E zigara Van Wouw na Rome foto ndị a na nkọwa ndị dị mkpa na nkọwa sitere n'aka onye isi mbụ bụ Hercules Malan nke Rustenburg. Otu diptych nke ọla kọpa ga-egosipụta ihe omume metụtara Agha Boer Mbụ, ebe ọ bụ nguzogide Kruger na mgbakwunye mgbe ahụ nke setịpụrụ ụzọ maka ọchịchị ọchịchị ya n'ọdịnihu. Otu n’ime ha gosiri Kruger ka ọ na-ebuga ọgbụgba ndụ Paardekraal, adreesị e zigara puku kwuru puku ndị dị nso ugbu a Krugersdorp na-akpọsa nguzogide ngwa ọgụ na 8 Disemba 1880; panel a ga-eso nke na-egosi Udo nke Laing Nek. Ọzọkwa, ihe àmà a na-ahụ anya adịghị ụkọ, na-enweghị foto ọ bụla sitere na ihe omume Paardekraal na naanị eserese sitere na The Illustrated London News of the Illustrated London News of the 1881 mbinye aka na O'Neill's Cottage nke Van Wouw lere anya dị ka ihe ngosi na-adịghị mma nke oge ahụ. Gọọmenti Transvaal nyekwara aka ọzọ site n'inye foto nke ndị mmadụ ga-apụta na paịlị, ụmụ nwanyị Boer nwere ọmarịcha ọmarịcha, yana nnọkọ ndị Boers nwere ụgbọ ịnyịnya dị ka igwe oriri . Ogwe nke anọ ga-egosipụta emume ịra iyi mbụ nke Kruger dị ka Onye isi ala na 1883. Nke a bụ naanị otu kọmiti na-akpasughị Van Wouw iwe, onye nọ na Holland n'oge ahụ mana ọ ga-emecha gaa nraranye Onye isi ala nke atọ na Square Square na 1893.
Ime ihe oyiyi ahụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Van Wouw hibere ụlọ ahịa n'otu ụlọ ọrụ na Rome obere oge ka ọ bịarutere Europe. Dị ka ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'ebe ahụ, ọ goro ndị na-ese ihe ka ha na-emepụta atụmatụ ya, ma enweghị afọ ojuju n'ihe ọ hụrụ dị ka nghọtahie nke àgwà mba nke Transvaal Boer dị ka e gosipụtara na bas-reliefs . Na-enwe mmasị Boer dike na Mbụ Boer War na Jameson Raid, ndị Europe na-egosipụta ọdịdị ihu ha ọ bụghị dị ka nnu nke ụwa kama ha nwere àgwà ethereal nke onye senti ma ọ bụ onye amụma, na-eduga Van Wouw ịhọrọ ịrụcha ọrụ ahụ. maka onwe ya n'ihi obi nkoropụ. Ọ chọrọ nkọwa zuru ezu, ruo otu akpụkpọ ụkwụ, si otú ahụ were ọnwa atọ na ọkara na nanị otu n'ime ndị agha Boer. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ndị a yana nke ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, njedebe mbụ nke 1 Eprel 1899 bịara wee gaa. Van Wouw kwadoro site n'aka odeakwụkwọ steeti Willem Johannes Leyds wee si otú ahụ merie otu afọ ndọtị site na Marks, onye onye ọlụlụ ya Lord Isaac Lewis na-enyocha ọganihu na-aga n'ihu na-arara onye "na-enweghị ezigbo echiche nke nkà" onye "chere na a pụrụ iji otu echiche mee ihe osise. bọọdụ" na atụmatụ Van Wouw. Onye na-ese ihe gwara Lewis "na agaghị m emebi ihe ncheta Kruger ma ọ bụ aha ọma m maka uru ọ bụla." O degara nna ya akwụkwọ obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị:
Mgba ikpeazụ: 1925–1954[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'ịbụ ndị na-eche na a gaghị ewuli ihe ncheta ahụ, Pretoria City Council nyere ikike ncheta Agha Ụwa Mbụ na Ụka Church, ma onye isi obodo Pretoria George Brink zara mkpesa 13 August 1920 sitere n'aka Oriakụ H. Jooste (nke National Party Index Auxiliary Women's Auxiliary). site n'ikwu na a gaghị enwe ihe ncheta ọ bụla n'ebe ahụ. A ga-etinye ihe ncheta ahụ n'ihu ụlọ ndị Union na ihe oyiyi Kruger dị na square dị n'ihu ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Pretoria, n'otu ebe a na-anọdụ ala na Church Square na na Prince's Park. Mịnịsta ala JBM Hertzog kpughere ihe oyiyi ahụ na 10 October 1925, narị afọ nke ọmụmụ Kruger, ebe ọkọlọtọ Orange Free State na ZAR gbara ya gburugburu n'ihu igwe mmadụ 25,000. Ememe a bụ ndị, tinyere ndị ọzọ, Gọvanọ-General na nwunye ya, yana ndị Cabinet dum. Hertzog nyere okwu isi okwu, mana Gen. Smuts na Wolmarans abụọ kwukwara okwu. Mgbe Hertzog na Smuts lekwasịrị anya n'àgwà na omume nke isiokwu ahụ, ndị Wolmars kwusiri ike ọzọ na Station Square enweghị ike ijide kandụl na Square Square, "obi nke Kruger City," dịka ebe kwesịrị ekwesị maka ihe oyiyi ahụ.
N'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, òtù dị ka Federasie van Afrikaanse Kultuurvereniginge, SA Vrouefederasie (South African Women's Federation]) na Pretoria Cultural Council rịọrọ ndị Council City ka ha bufee ihe oyiyi ahụ na Square Square. N'ezie, Kọmitii Kruger zutere ihe karịrị ndị òtù 20,000 n'October 1936 iji rụgide onye isi obodo, ma ndị kansụl ahụ enweghị mkpali. Kọmitii Kruger nke Cultural Council, onye isi ọrụ na-eme ememme Kruger kwa afọ, malitere n'onwe ya dị ka Kruger Society ( Afrikaans .</link> ) na naanị ịkwaga ebe ọzọ dị ka ebumnuche kacha. N'ịchọ enyemaka nke otu omenala Afrikaner ndị ọzọ, ọha mmadụ jiri mmeghari narị afọ nke Great Trek na 1838 malite mgbasa ozi nkwado ọzọ. Kansụl obodo ahụ weputara puku kwuru puku akwụkwọ ozi sitere n'aka ndị mmadụ na otu dị iche iche, gụnyere ngalaba nke Transvaal Education Association, Kọmitii nhazi nke Paardekraal Voortrekker Centennial Festival, Kọmitii nnabata ụgbọ, na ndị ọzọ; ọbụna otu Anglo dị ka ụmụ ndị England, New Guard, na Hatfield Ratepayers Association sonyeere mbọ ahụ. Ndị kansụl obodo ahụ kwụsịrị, na-atụ anya na mmasị ga-abụ ọkọlọtọ, mana na 9 Maachị 1939, Transvaal Provincial Council ji otu olu rịọ ka ndị kansụl obodo dozie okwu ahụ nke ọma, na Mee 29, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ikpeazụ kwetara ịkwaga ihe oyiyi ahụ n'efu. nye ha.
Onye isi oche nke Kruger Society na onye isi obodo Pretoria mere mkpesa ọnụ maka onyinye ụmụ amaala, na-enweta £ 4,000 maka mbugharị ahụ. Na ntụle ya na Van Wouw, onye na-ahọrọbeghị nhọrọ Marks nke pedestal, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Kruger Society JM van der Westhuizen haziri ntọala ọhụrụ maka ihe ncheta ahụ. Nkwenye Van Wouw sochiri nke ọha mmadụ zuru oke, bụ nke gara n'ihu na-ahazi maka mkpughe na Square Church na 10 October 1941, site n'aka Oriakụ Rachel Isabella Steyn, nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nke onye isi oche ikpeazụ nke Orange Free State. N'oge a, ndị kansụl obodo kwupụtara na pedestal ọhụrụ ahụ enweghị usoro na Church Square, okwu nke ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ abụọ ( Gordon Leith na Vivian Sydney Rees-Poole) na ndị ọrụ ibe ha sitere na Kruger Society nyochara. Ọ tụgharịrị na kansụl ahụ họọrọ ọnụ ụzọ ndịda nke square ahụ dị ka ebe maka ihe oyiyi ahụ, ebe ọha mmadụ kwadoro etiti ahụ. Van Wouw weere ọnọdụ Kruger Society n'akwụkwọ ozi abụọ siri ike na-ekwu:
Ọ bụ ọhụụ m maka pedestal, ndị Boers, na oyiyi Onye isi ala ibikọ ọnụ dị ka otu nkeji, dịka atụmatụ ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ siri dị na ntụle mụ na onwe m, na Square Square ebe isi iyi na ọdọ mmiri dị ugbu a. Dị ka onye na-ese ihe, m na-ajụ ka e debe ihe oyiyi ahụ m hụrụ n'anya ma na-elekọta nke ukwuu n'ebe ọ bụla ebe ịdị ukwuu ya ga-adaba n'akụkụ ụzọ. Ebe etiti nke Ụka Ụka bụ ebe a họpụtara ma ebe ahụ ka a ga-arụ ya.
N'akwụkwọ ozi ya ọzọ, Van Wouw kwuru na Kruger n'onwe ya gwara onye na-ese ihe n'ihu ọtụtụ ndị òtù Volksraad na ọ bụ ebe ahụ.
Akwụkwọ ozi Van Wouw bịara bụrụ ihe efu, a kwụsịrị okwu ahụ ruo mgbe Gerard Moerdijk, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke Voortrekker Ncheta, tụrụ aro ka etinye ihe oyiyi ahụ n'akụkụ ọnụ ụzọ ndịda nke Church Square dị ka "ebe mgbaka uche" na ihe ọ tụrụ anya dị ka ụdị amphitheater, dị ka. ebe a na -ekwu okwu n'ụka ga-abụ. A ga-ewu ụlọ stele na-asọpụrụ na mgbịrịgba n'azụ ihe oyiyi ahụ, na-eji ihe oyiyi Boer dị n'akụkụ karịa n'akụkụ ala nke ihe oyiyi Kruger. Ndị otu Kruger kwadoro atụmatụ a, ebe ndị kansụl obodo tụrụ aro asọmpi mba mepere emepe iji kpokọta atụmatụ ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-ejikọ ọnụ ụlọ ahụ gburugburu ihe oyiyi ahụ, wee rịọ maka Pretoria Institute for Architecture (PIA) na nkwado nke Kruger Society. Òtù abụọ ahụ kwetara, nke ikpeazụ na ọnọdụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọkàikpe ga-enwe njedebe ikpeazụ na nhazi a họọrọ, mana iwu PIA gbochiri ndị òtù ya isonye na asọmpi n'èzí.
N'oge a, mmepe ọhụrụ pụtara: Prọfesọ William Holford, Baron Holford tụpụtara atụmatụ maka kansụl obodo maka mmepe nke isi obodo, gụnyere ihe oyiyi Kruger na Church Square. Kansụl ahụ nwere mmasị na-ekpochapụ atụmatụ niile gara aga na 28 Septemba 1950, na-edebanye aha ndị Kruger Society ka ha welie ihe oyiyi ahụ na Square n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke nrube isi na atụmatụ Holford na nkwenye kansụl nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ. Ọnụ ego na oge achọrọ enweghị mmasị, na nkwekọrịta ọnụ anaghị abịa: Old Pretoria Society kwupụtara iwe ya n'ihu ọha, na ọbụna Kruger Society mesịrị jụ ya.
Na 12 June 1951, Kruger Society kpebiri ịhapụ echiche Moerdijk nke itinye ihe oyiyi Kruger n'ọnụ ụzọ ndịda nke Church Square wee laghachi n'ịkwado ebe etiti, nke a ga-ebugharị ihe oyiyi ahụ site na 10 October 1954 (ụbọchị ọmụmụ Kruger). ma ọ bụ na 16 Disemba 1954 (ụbọchị ncheta 50th nke olili Kruger na Pretoria Old Cemetery na Church Street. Ebe ọ bụ na Kruger rọrọ nrọ maka ịgafe n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọha mmadụ kpebiri na ihe oyiyi ahụ ga-eche ihu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ site na Square Church. Mgbanwe ọ bụla Council Council chọrọ ime nwere ike iwebata ma emechaa, n'agbanyeghị na ọnọdụ etiti ga-anọ. Mgbe Kansụl ahụ nụchara site n'aka ndị nnọchiteanya nke ọha mmadụ, onye mbụ kpebiri na 20 Disemba 1951 ịkagbu mkpebi ha gara aga ma nabata n'otu n'otu n'ọnọdụ ọha mmadụ, na ọnọdụ nke kansụl enweghị ụgwọ ọ bụla yana inwe ikike nkwado ikpeazụ. Enyere ikike na ọha mmadụ na 26 Nọvemba 1952, ozugbo enwetara nkwado n'aka onye nchịkwa nke Transvaal Province, ịmalite ịkwaga ebe ọzọ. Ndị kansụl ahụ ka na-ejikọta na mmachibido iwu Kitchener nke ihe oyiyi na-enweghị nkwado Lieutenant-Governor, mana ọha mmadụ nwetara Cabinet gọọmenti etiti iji kwado atụmatụ ahụ site na nkeji nkeji. 298 na 9 Febrụwarị 1953, na-enweta nnabata onye nchịkwa n'oge a.
Achọkwara inye onyinye ọzọ, na ihe dị ka £ 20,000 chọrọ, mana owuwu malitere n'oge nchịkọta ego, nke Gọvanọ-General nke South Africa Ernest George Jansen kwadoro, Prime Minister DF Malan, All Provincial Administrators (gụnyere nke South West Africa ), na ndị niile. ndị nwunye ha. Ma ndị Anglo na Afrikaner n'otu n'otu, ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ụka, obodo, azụmahịa, òtù omenala, na otu ndị ọzọ batara. Na 10 October 1953, Malan tọgbọrọ nkuku nke pedestal ọhụrụ n'ihu igwe mmadụ gbara gburugburu 15,000, na Prime Minister Dutch Willem Drees gara ma gwa ìgwè mmadụ ahụ okwu. Ebupụrụ ihe oyiyi Kruger ahụ na Pretoria Station na 25 June 1954 wee tinye na 28 June na pedestal chere ihu n'ebe ugwu dịka ọha mmadụ kpebiri na nso nso a. Otu afọ ka etinyechara nkume nkuku ahụ, na 10 Ọktoba 1954, Malan weputara ihe ncheta ahụ, juputara na ndị sentinel anọ.
Esemokwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ka njedebe nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa gasịrị, a na-akpọ oku ka e wepụ ihe oyiyi a n'ebe ọ nọ n'ihi na ndị ụfọdụ ndị na-akwado mba Afrịka na-ele ya anya dị ka "akara ngosi nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ". [4] Na 2015, na-agbaso mgbasa ozi Rhodes Must Fall na Cape Town, e mebiri ihe oyiyi nke Paul Kruger na agba akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-atụba na ya. Ndị na-alụ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe akụ na ụba na mbụ kwuru na ha bụ ọrụ mana ha mechara weghachi nke a mgbe Obodo Tshwane kwuru ebumnuche ya imepe ikpe mpụ nke mmebi obi ọjọọ megide ndị mere mpụ. [5] N'ịgbaso mbibi ahụ na nkwa ndị EFF kwere na ha ga-ebibi ihe oyiyi ahụ, [6] ọtụtụ mmadụ kwupụtara nkwado maka ihe oyiyi ahụ. Sunette Bridges kekọtara onwe ya na ihe oyiyi ahụ iji gbochie mmebi ọzọ, [3] [4] ya na Afrikaners yi uwe ndị agha na-amalite ichebe ihe oyiyi ahụ. [7] Emekwara nzụkọ n'akụkụ ihe oyiyi a na-arịọ ka ahapụ ya naanị dịka akụkụ nke akụkọ ọdịnala South Africa. Nke a kwụsịrị na Steve Hofmeyr na-abụ abụ mbụ mba South Africa, " Die Stem van Suid-Afrika ". [8] E mechaala gbachie ihe onyonyo a site na ngere dị elu 1.5m ma ọ bụghị ọha na eze na-enweta ya ozugbo.
Isi mmalite[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Breytenbach, JH (1954). Die Geskiedenis van anwụ Krugerstandbeeld . Pretoria: anwụ Krugergenootskap.
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Dr D.F. Malan unveils the statue of Paul Kruger on Church Square, Pretoria. South African History Online (1954-10-11). Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ Carlin (2012). "7: The Tiger King", Invictus: Nelson Mandela and the Game That Made a Nation. Atlantic Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1848874404.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Alex Mitchley (2015-04-07). Sunette Bridges to oppose removal of Kruger statue. The Citizen. Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 South African war on colonial past escalates. The Times. Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ Tshwane presses charges after Paul Kruger statue gets defaced. ENCA. Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ EFF wants Paul Kruger torn down. ENCA. Archived from the original on 2015-07-20. Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ "Cecil Rhodes monument: A necessary anger?", BBC News, 11 April 2015. Retrieved on 2015-04-14.
- ↑ Steve Hofmeyr, Sunette Bridges defend Paul Kruger statue. Eyewitness News (2015-04-08). Retrieved on 2015-04-14.