James Chapman (explorer)
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| Aha enyere | James |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Chapman |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 27 Disemba 1831 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Cape Town |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 4 Febụwarị 1872 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | South Africa |
| ihe kpatara ọnwụ | hypothermia |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | explorer, osee foto, Odee akwụkwọ |
| ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okike | copyrights on works have expired |
Thomas Baines (1865)
James Chapman (ubochi iri abụo na asaa n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 1831 Cape Town -ruo ụbọchị anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1872 Kimberley), bụ onye nchọpụta South Africa, onye na-achụ nta, onye ahịa na onye na-ese foto.
Nwa James Chapman na Elizabeth Greeff nke Malmesbury na nwanne Henry Samuel Chapman, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Cape Town wee gaa Durban mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ na Ngalaba Na-ahụ N'ihe banyere Ihe Ndị Dị n'Ụlọ Ọrụ n'afọ 1848. Otu afọ ógè e mesịrị, ọ gara biri na Potchefstroom ebe ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị na-elekọta ụlọ ahịa izizi. Mgbe na-adịghị anya ógè nke ahụ gasịrị, na 1852, ọ gara gafee Osimiri Limpopo wee banye n'ime obodo Bamangwato. Ọ ghọrọ enyi na Khama, otu n'ime ụmụ Sekgoma, onye isi Bamangwato, na-arịọ enyemaka ya iji ruo Osimiri Chobe. Na mbido afọ sochirinụ, ọ chọtara ya na Osimiri Zambesi nke ọ nyochara n'ime kilomita iri asaa (Otu narị na iri) nke Victoria Falls, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ tie David Livingstone ihe nchọpụta ha.
Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1854 ya na Samuel H. Edwards, onye nchọpụta ọzọ, sonyeere ma malite njem gaa n'Ọdọ Mmiri Ngami ógè nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gafere ókèala dị n'etiti Northern Bechuanaland na Zambesi. Nwoke dị mfe, o nwere ike iso ndị na-achụ nta Bushman nke ọkara ọzara dị n'ime ma nọrọ ogologo oge na ụlọ ọrụ ha, na-enweta enyemaka bara uru n'aka ha. Ógè ọ laghachiri Ngami, ọ gara n'ebe ugwu ruo Osimiri Okavango, gafee Damaraland wee ruo Walvis Bay. N'ebe a, ọ na-azụ ahịa ehi na Damaraland, tupu ya na nwanne ya nwoke Henry na Thomas Baines gawa njem site n'ọnwa Disemba 1860 ruo ọnwa Septemba 1864. Ebumnuche ha bụ inyocha Zambesi site na Victoria Falls ruo na delta ya, iji nwalee ikike ya. Otú ọ dị, ọrịa na ọdachi mebiri atụmatụ ndị a. Ha rutere Zambesi, mana ha enweghị ike inyocha ọnụ ya. Na 23 Julaị 1862 ha rutere Victoria Falls. Ọ bụ na njem a ka Baines sere ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri ya a ma ama nke e mepụtara na album nke mbipụta. Mgbalị ya ịchọpụta Zambesi mebiri ahụike ya ma mebie ego ya. Ọ laghachiri Cape Town na 1864, na-enweghị nkụda mmụọ na ahụ ọkụ. Njem ahụ dị ịrịba ama ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ oge mbụ e ji igwefoto stereoscopic dekọọ ọganihu ya. Ogologo nke negatives bụ ihe dị ka 6 x 4.5 sentimita ma bụrụ nke na-adịghị mma. Ihe osise nke foto ndị a dị na Africana Museum na Johannesburg.
Sir George Grey nyere ya iwu ijide anụmanụ dị ndụ na ịhazi okwu nke asụsụ Bantu. Chapman debere akwụkwọ akụkọ n'oge niile ọ na-eme njem, mana njem ya na ime obodo nke South Africa pụtara naanị n'afọ 1868, ntakịrị oge tupu ọnwụ ya. Chapman so Francis Galton na C.J. Andersson mee njem ógè ụfọdụ. Ọ nwara ịkọ ugbo na Anawood n'akụkụ osimiri Swakop n'afọ 1863 na afọ 1864, mana a manyere ya ịhapụ ikike ya n'ihi Agha Nama-Ovaherero, nke ọ jụrụ itinye aka na ya. Site n'afọ 1864 ruo afọ 1870 ọ biri n'ebe dị iche iche na South Africa, mana ọ laghachiri dị ka onye ahịa na onye na-achụ nta na Hereroland na Ovamboland n'etiti afọ 1870 na 1871. Ọ nwụrụ na Du Toit's Pan nso Kimberley, n'ubochí anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 1872, mgbe ọ dị afọ 40.
Ezinụlọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'afọ 1857 ọ lụrụ Catherine Cecelia Roome, nwa nwanyị nke Capt. William Roome, (onye isi ụgbọ mmiri "Olivia" nke Thomas Baines rutere na Cape Town n'ubochí irí abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba 1842) na Catherine Cecelia Bushnell (onye amụrụ na Virginia USA - nna ya, bụkwa onye isi ụgbọ mmiri nke o doro anya na ọ biri na Nova Scotia). James na Catherine nwere ụmụ anọ.
Otu n'ime ụmụ ha nwoke, William James Bushnell Chapman (1858[[1932) ghọrọ onye ahịa, onye na-achụ nta na onye ọrụ ugbo. Ọ bịara Namibia dị ka nwatakịrị n'afọ 1864, nọrọ afọ iri na Cape Town wee laghachi n'ubochí irí na isii n'ọnwa June n'afọ 1874 na Walvis Bay dị ka onye enyemaka na ụlọ ahịa Harrison. Ọ zụrụ ahịa ma na-achụ nta na Ovamboland n'afọ 1875, wee gaa Angola n'afọ 1881 wee rụọ ọrụ ugbo na Humpata pt:Humpata . O mechara soro ndị Angola Boer ndị ọzọ biri na 1928 na mpaghara Gobabis nke Namibia, ebe ọ nwụrụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1932.
A mụrụ nwa nwoke ọzọ, Charles Henry Chapman, na Cape Town ma banye na Titanic na Southampton dị ka onye njem klas nke abụọ (nọmba tiketi 248731, £ 13 10s). O buuru Bible ezinụlọ nke ezinụlọ nne na nna ya ochie na Virginia na / ma ọ bụ Nova Scotia; Chapman n'onwe ya biri na The Bronx, NY. Ọ nwụrụ ógè ọ dị afọ iri ise na abụọ site na hypothermia na mmiri riri ya mgbe ọ mikpuru n'isi ụtụtụ nke 15 Eprel 1912; Mackay-Bennett mechara chọta ozu ya.
Henry Samuel Chapman (afọ 1834 rụọ afọ 1922), nwanne James Chapman, rutere Walvis Bay site n'oké osimiri n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 1860 wee gaa ọtụtụ ebe dị ka onye na-achụ nta na onye ahịa n'etiti Walvis Bay, Ovamboland, Hereroland, Lake Ngami na Cape ruo afọ 1863. O mechara biri na Oudtshoorn, Kimberley na Johannesburg, ma nwụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 1922 na Braamfontein na South Africa.