Jing-Jin-Ji

capital region
mba/obodo	China
dị na ngalaba nhazi mpaghara	China
nhazi ọnọdụ	38°42′0″N 118°6′0″E

4242Templeeti:Infobox settlement

Mpaghara Jingjinji ma ọ bụ Jing-Jin-Ji ( JJJ ), [lower-alpha 1] makwaara dị ka Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ( BJ-TJ-HB ) yana mpaghara Isi Akụ Obodo, bụ Mpaghara Isi Obodo nke Ndị Mba nke China . Ọ bụ mpaghara megalopolis kachasị mepee emepe na Mpaghara Ugwu China . Ọ gụnyere mpaghara akụ na ụba gbara mmepe obodo Beijing na Tianjin gburu gburu, n'akụkụ ụsọ Oké Osimiri Bohai . ^[1] Mpaghara a na -apụta na-ebili ka mpaghara ugwu mepere emepe na-ama Osimiri Delta Pearl na ndịda anyanwụ yana Osimiri Delta Yangtze n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ. N'afọ 2016, Jingjinji nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nde otu narị na iri na abụọ ^[2] ma nweekwa ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ dị ka Guangdong, mpaghara China kachasị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ.

Economy

N'afọ 2019, Jingjinji wepụtara ihe dị ka pasent asatọ ( US $ otu Ijeri na nde nari abụọ ma ọ bụ US $ Ijeri abụọ na PPP ) nke GDP China ma ọ bụ ihe ruru nha ka Spain, ^[3] nọ na mpaghara nha nke United Kingdom . ^[4] Jingjinji etinyela aka na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta na nrụpụta. Ike Tianjin anọrọla na ụgbọ elu, mbugharị ibu na mbupu . Beijing mejuputara ọrụ akụ na ụba a na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkal mmanụ ala , agụmakwụkwọ na R&D siri ike. Mpaghara a na-aghọ ụyọkọ uto dị dị ịrịba ama maka ụgbọ ala, elektrọnik, kemịkal mmanụ alakemịkal mmanụ ala, ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta ụgbọ ala, ngwanrọ na ụgbọ elu, na-adọta ntinye ego nke ndị si mba ọzọ nrụpụta na ọrụ ahụike .

Gọọmentị etiti China emeela ka ọ bụrụ ihe kacha mkpa ijikọ obodo niile dị na Bohai Bay rim na ịkwalite mmepe akụ na ụba. Nke a gụnyere iwu netwọk nkwukọrịta dị elu, okporo ụzọ ndị ka mma, abawanye agụmakwụkwọ, na akụrụngwa sayensị yana ị nweta ihe okike sitere na mmiri mmiri Bohai. ^[5] N'afọ 2016, gọọmentị etiti kwadoro atụmatụ $ ijeri Iri atọ n'isii ijikọ obodo dị iche iche mejupụtara nnukwu obodo a site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè iji belata oge njem na ijikọ ha nke ọma. Atụmatụ a gụnyere ịrụ ụzọ ụgbọ oloko itoolu dị 1,100 kilomita otu puku na otu nari (680 m) n'ogologo nke a ga-emecha ya n'afọ 2020. ^[4] Ebumnuche ogologo oge a bụ imepụta mpaghara njem otu awa; a na-eme atụmatụ ịrụ ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè n'etiti obodo iri abụọ na anọ nke ga-adị tupu afọ 2050. ^[6]

N'ime iri afọ ndị na -adịbeghị anya, achọpụtala mmanụ ala na mmanụ gas na mpaghara Jingjinji nke oke osimiri Bohai.

Mpaghara mepere emepe

Metropolitan area	Chinese	Cities	Urban population
Mpaghara mepere emepeBeijing	北京城市圈 Běijīng Chéngshì Quān	Beijing, Huairou, Miyun, Pinggu, Yanqing	Nde iri na isii, puku narị asatọ na iri ise na asatọ, narị isii na iri itoolu na abụọ
Mpaghara mepere emepeTianjin	天津城市圈 Tiānjīn Chéngshì Quān	Tianjin, Binhai, Baodi, Jinghai, Jizhou, Ninghe	Nde iri, puku nari abụọ na iri asaa na asaa, narị asatọ na iri itoolu na atọ
Mpaghara mepere emepeShijiazhuang	石家庄城市圈 Shíjiāzhuāng Chéngshì Quān	Shijiazhuang, Jinzhou, Xinji, Xinle	Nde atọ, puku narị asatọ na iri abụọ na-atọ, narị ise na-anọ
Mpaghara mepere emepeBaoding-Xiong'an	保定雄安城市圈 Bǎodìng-Xióng'ān Chéngshì Quān	Baoding, Xiong'an, Anguo, Dingzhou, Gaobeidian, Zhuozhou	Nde Atọ na puku iri ise na isii
Mpaghara mepere emepeTangshan	唐山城市圈 Tángshān Chéngshì Quān	Tangshan	Nde abụọ, puku narị abụọ na iri atọ na asaa, narị atọ na iri na asaa

Obodo ukwu

Jingjinji gụnyere mpaghara Beijing, Tianjin, na Hebei . Isi obodo n'ime obodo na mpaghara ndị a gụnyere:

City	Pinyin	Population (2010)	Information
Beijing 北京	Běijīng	Nde iri na itoolu, puku nari isii na iri na abụọ na narị atọ na iri isii na asatọ	Beijing bụ Mpaghara mepere emepe na-ebe ugwu China na isi obodo nke ndị mba China. Beijing nọ n'okpuru ọchịchị ọchịchi ime obodo n'okpuru nchịkwa kpọm kwem nke gọọmentị etiti. Beijing bụ Obodo mepere emepe nke abụọ kachasị n'oke ala na China, nke mbụ bụ Shanghai, nwere ihe karịrị mmadụ nde iri na asaa na mpaghara ọchịchị Beijing.
Tianjin 天津	Tiānjīn	Nde iri na abụọ, puku narị itoolu na iri atọ na-asatọ na narị abụọ na iri abụo na anọ	Nke a bụ obodo mepere emepe nke atọ kachasị na ndị mba China n'usoro ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ bi n'obodo mepere emepe. Na Nchikwa, ọ bụ otu n'ime obodo mepere emepe anọ nwere ọnọdụ ọkwa mpaghara, , n'ekpesa kpọmkwem n'aka gọọmentị etiti. Mpaghara Ala obodo ya mepere emepe bụ ebe nke atọ kacha ibu na mba China, nọ n'ọkwa n'esote Beijing na Shanghai.
Baoding 保定	Bǎodìng	Nde iri, puku iri abụọ na itoolu na otu narị na iri itoolu na asaa	Baoding bụ obodo nke atọ kacha ibu na Mpaghara Hebei, n'ọkwa n'esoteShijiazhuang na Tangshan. Obodo a dị na etiti trịangụl akụ na ụba Beijing-Tianjin na Shijiazhuang, na njikọ njem ọma na ịga njem anya ruo obodo ukwu ndị ọzọ dị nso.Mpaghara Obodo ọhụrụ Xiong'an eguzobere ọhụrụ nke ebumnuche ya bụ ịnwe teknụzụ dị elu, gburugburu n'adịgide, obodo mepere emepe ọgbara ọhụrụ ma n'eje ozi dịka etiti ọhụrụ maka ụfọdụ ngalaba nchịkwa. Ebe mbugharị ibu nke mpaghara ugwu China dịkwa na mpaghara ime obodo Baoding.^[7]
Shijiazhuang 石家庄	Shíjiāzhuāng	Nde itoolu, Puku nari ise na iri anọ na asaa na nari asatọ na iri isii na itoolu	Shijiazhuang bụ isi obodo nke Hebei, nakwa obodo nke atọ kacha ibu na Jingjinji n'esote Beinjing na Tianjin.Tangshan nke afò 1976
Tangshan 唐山	Tángshān	Nde asaa, puku narị ise na iri asaa na asaa, narị abụọ na iri asatọ na -anọ	Tangshan, Obodo gbara oke osiri okirikiri n'akụkụ n'ọnụ mmiri Bohai na-agbata Tianjin, bụ obodo nke atọ kacha ibu na Hebei n'esote Shijiazhuang. Ọ bụkwa obodo amara maka ala ọma jijiji Tangshan nke afọ 1976.
Cangzhou 沧州	Cāngzhōu	Nde asaa, puku otu narị na iri atọ na anọ, iri ise na atọ	Obodo nke mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwu Hebei gbara osimiri Bohai okirikiri. Ọ gbara Tianjin oke na mpaghara ugwu
Langfang 廊坊	Lángfāng	Nde anọ, puku narị atọ na iri isee na asatọ, nari asatọ na iri atọ na itoolu	Langfang nọ n'etiti Beijing na Tianjin ma nwee ebe mpaghara otu obodo nke obodo ọzọ gbara gburu gburu Sanhe, Sanhenke dị iche n'obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Hebei
Zhangjiakou 张家口	Zhāngjiākǒu	Nde anọ, puku narị atọ na iri anọ na isee, narị anọ na iri itoolu na otu	Obodo dị na mpaghara ugwu ndịda anyanwụ Hebei. Ọ Dị n'oke Beijing ruo mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ.
Chengde 承德	Chéngdé	Nde atọ, puku narị anọ na iri asaa na atọ, otu narị na iri itoolu na asaa	Obodo dị na mpaghara ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Hebei, amara nke ọma maka ebe Ezumike ugwu Chengde.
Qinhuangdao 秦皇岛	Qínhuángdǎo	Nde abụọ, puku narị itoolu na iri asatọ na asaa, nari isii na ise	Obodo dị na mpaghara mpaghara ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụHebei gbara osimiri okirikiri, amara nke ọma maka ebe Beidaihe.

Ụgbọ njem

Ikuku

Nnukwu Ọdụ ụgbọ elu

Ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Beijing Capital
Ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Beijing Daxing
Ọdụ ụgbọ elu mbaTianjin Binhai
Ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Shijiazhuang Zhengding

Mpaghara Ọdụ ụgbọ elu

Ọdụ ụgbọ Chengde Puning
Ọdụ ụgbọ Chengde PuningỌdụ ụgbọ Qinhuangdao Beidaihe
Tangshan Sannühe
Ọdụ ụgbọ Chengde PuningỌdụ ụgbọ Zhangjiakou Ningyuan

Ụzọ

Enwere ọtụtụ nnukwu okporo ụzọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ime mpaghara Jingjinji. Nke a gụnyere okporo ụzọ ndị a:

Jingjintang Expressway, site na Beijing, site na mpaghara Tianjin, ruo Binhai / TEDA
Jinghu Expressway, site na Jinjing Akwa Gonglu ruo Shanghai (ya na okporouzo Jingjintang, nke a bụ okporo ụzọ awara awara si Beijing ruo Shanghai )
Jingshen Expressway, site na Baodi District ka ọ na-aga site na Beijing ruo Shenyang
Okporo ụzọ Jingshi, site na Beijing, ruo Shijiazhuang
Baojin Expressway, site na Mpaghara Beichen, Tianjin, ruo Baoding, Hebei - amaara na Tianjin dị ka okporoụzọ Jinbao
Okporoụzọ Jinbin Expressway, site na-akwa Zhangguizhuang ruo akwa Hujiayuan, ma n'ime Tianjin
Okporoụzọ Jinji, site na etiti Tianjin ruo mpaghara ime obodo Jixian
G95 mpaghara Isi Obodo <a href="./Jinbin Expressway" rel="mw:WikiLink" data-linkid="352" data-cx="{"adapted":false,"sourceTitle":{"title":"Jinbin Expressway","thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/JinbinExpresswayTianjin.jpg/80px-JinbinExpresswayTianjin.jpg","width":80,"height":60},"pageprops":{"wikibase_item":"Q11146475"},"pagelanguage":"en"},"targetFrom":"mt"}" class="cx-link" id="mwAbk" title="Jinbin Expressway">Okporoụzọ Jinbin Expressway</a>, site na-akwa Zhangguizhuang ruo akwa Hujiayuan, ma n'ime TianjinOkporoụzọ Loop

Ụzọ okporo ụzọ isii nke China National na -esote gafere na Tianjin:

Okporoụzọ mba China 102, site na Ji County, Tianjin na-aga site na Beijing ruo Harbin
Okporoụzọ mba 103, site na Beijing, site na mpaghara Tianjin mepere emepe, ruo Binhai
Okporoụzọ mba China 104, site na Beijing, site na Tianjin, ruo Fuzhou
Okporo ụzọ mba China 105, site na Beijing, site na Tianjin, ruo Macau
Okporo ụzọ awara awara nke China 112, gbara okirikiri na gburugburu Beijing, gafere Tianjin
Okporoụzọ mba China National Highway 205, site na Shanhaiguan, Hebei, site na Tianjin, ruo Guangzhou

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè dị elu

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ etiti obodo

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè etiti obodo Beijing -Tianjin ụgbọ okporo ígwè
Ụgbọ okporo ígwè etiti obodo Tianjin -Baoding

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ ndị ọzọ

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọBeijing-Shanghai
Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ Beijing-Shenyang
Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ Beijing-Shijiazhuang
Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ Tianjin-Qinhuangdao

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè oke ọsọ nọ n'atụmatụ ma ọ bụ n'owuwu

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè etiti obodo Beijing -Zhangjiakou

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè obodo dịpụrụ adịpụ

Ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè obodo dịpụrụ adịpụ nke Beijing
Ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè obodo dịpụrụ adịpụ Tianjin ( Tianjin -Jizhou ụgbọ okporo ígwè )

Sistemụ metro

Ụzọ ụgbọ oloko Beijing
Shijiazhuang Metro
Tianjin Metro

Ụgbọ okporo ígwè mfe

Tianjin Tram

Hụkwa

Oke ego Bohai
Megalopolises na China
Osimiri Pearl Delta
Osimiri Yangtze Delta
Keihanshin
Mpaghara Tokyo Ka Ukwuu
Mpaghara Mpaghara Seoul
Mpaghara Taipei -Keelung mepere emepe

Ihe edeturu

Jīng (京), Jīn (津), and Jì (冀

Nke a bụ ndetu nkenke ama ama maka Beijing, Tianjin na Hebei

Ebensidee

↑ Johnson. "In China, a Supercity Rises Around Beijing", New York Times, July 19, 2015.
↑ National Data. data.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved on 2018-11-17.
↑ National Data. data.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved on 2018-11-17.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 "China approves $36-billion railway plan for Jing-Jin-Ji megacity", Reuters. Retrieved on November 26, 2016.
↑ Gain a strategic advantage in the Bohai Bay region sdic.com.cn 2007-06-11 Retrieved 2010-01-16
↑ Baculinao. "Jing-Jin-Ji: China Planning Megalopolis the Size of New England", NBC News, March 25, 2017. Retrieved on October 27, 2019.
↑ Xiong'an, China's Newest Special Economic Zone - CKGSB Knowledge. knowledge.ckgsb.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 2021-04-10. Retrieved on 2018-07-19.

[1] Johnson. "In China, a Supercity Rises Around Beijing", New York Times, July 19, 2015.

[2] National Data. data.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved on 2018-11-17.

[3] National Data. data.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved on 2018-11-17.

[:0-4] 4.0 ^4.1 "China approves $36-billion railway plan for Jing-Jin-Ji megacity", Reuters. Retrieved on November 26, 2016.

[5] Gain a strategic advantage in the Bohai Bay region sdic.com.cn 2007-06-11 Retrieved 2010-01-16

[6] Baculinao. "Jing-Jin-Ji: China Planning Megalopolis the Size of New England", NBC News, March 25, 2017. Retrieved on October 27, 2019.

[7] Xiong'an, China's Newest Special Economic Zone - CKGSB Knowledge. knowledge.ckgsb.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 2021-04-10. Retrieved on 2018-07-19.

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