Josefina Molina
Ezigbo Senora Doña Josefina Molina | |
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A mụrụ ya | Josefina Molina Reig 14 Nọvemba 1936 (afọ 86) Córdoba, Spain
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Mba | Spanish |
Ọrụ (s) | Onye nduzi ihe nkiri, onye edemede |
Afọ ndị ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike | 1966-1998 |
Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | https://web.archive.org/web/20171010135300/http://www.josefinamolina.es/ |
Josefina Molina Reig MML (amụrụ na Córdoba, 14 Nọvemba 1936) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri na Spain, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta TV na onye nduzi ebe. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nduzi nwanyị mbụ na Spain ma bụrụkwa onye a ma ama maka iduzi ihe nkiri ndị a ma ama dị ka Función de noche (1981) na Esquilache (1988), yana usoro telivishọn Teresa of Jesus (1984). [1]Esquilache banyere na 39th Berlin International Film Festival. [2]Teresa de Jesús ritere ọtụtụ ihe nrite, gụnyere Antena de Oro (1984), na TP de Oro (1985, Best National Series).[3]
Akụkọ ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Josefina Molina na 1936 na Cordoba, Spain, n'ezinụlọ nọ n'etiti. Nna ya bụ onye na-ere ahịa na Cordovan nke na-ere akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ngwaahịa ụlọ ọgwụ. Nne ya bụ nwanyị Katalan na-ahụ maka ọrụ ụlọ na nlekọta ụmụaka. Azụmaahịa ezinụlọ ahụ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma ma n'agbanyeghị nsogbu akụ na ụba mgbe agha gasịrị, ọ tara ahụhụ ọ bụla.
N'ihi ọnọdụ ego siri ike nke nne na nna ya, obere Josefina nwere ike ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị a ma ama na Cordoba dị ka Hermanos de la Salle, ebe a kụziiri ya otu esi ede na mgbakọ na mwepụ bụ isi ma ọ bụ Escolapias de Santa Victoria, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị.[4]
Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1969 ma nwee ohere ịnweta Baccalaureate n'ihi na ezinụlọ ya so na klas ndị ahịa. N'ụzọ dị otú a, Josefina kpebiri iji agụmakwụkwọ (karịsịa n'ihi mkpebi siri ike nke nne ya) nke nne na nna ya nwere ike inye ya.[5]
Mmekọrịta mbụ ya na ụwa nke ihe nkiri mere n'ụlọ ngosi nke obodo ya, ebe ndị mụrụ ya na-akpọrọ ya n'ehihie Sọnde. Na mgbakwunye, o nwekwara nnukwu ịhụnanya maka ịgụ akwụkwọ ma n'ihi nke ahụ, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, ọ chọpụtara akwụkwọ dị mkpa dị ka Episodios Nacionales (National Episodes) nke Galdós (1843-1920). Nchịkọta akwụkwọ akụkọ a nwere mmetụta siri ike n'ọrụ Josefina dị ka onye na-akọ akụkọ, yana ọchịchọ ya siri ike maka ime ihe n'eziokwu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise mgbe Josefina hụrụ ihe nkiri El río (The River) nke Jean Renoir (1951), ka mmasị ya siri ike n'ịkọ akụkọ site na ihe nkiri bilitere.[6]
N'oge ọ bụ nwata, o ji ịnụ ọkụ n'obi sonye n'ọtụtụ ìgwè ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ nkọ na Cordova, ha niile bụ ndị ọchịchọ ịmata ihe gbara ume. Ọ na-aga ihe ngosi na mkparịta ụka nke Cineclub Senda (Senda Film Club) na Cineclub del Círculo de la Amistad (Circle of Friendship Film Club) haziri. Ọ gakwara Círculo Juan XXIII (Juan XXIII Circle), ebe a na-ezukọta ndị ntorobịa Cordovan na-aga n'ihu na Francoist Spain. N'ebe ahụ, o guzobere ntọala nke otu ihe nkiri Teatro Ensayo Medea. N'ịbụ onye mmụọ ụmụ nwanyị na-akpali, ọ na-eduga otu a na ọ rụrụ ọrụ na nke mbụ ya dị ka onye nduzi ihe nkiri, na-eweta Casa de Muñecas (Dollhouse), site n'aka onye edemede egwuregwu Norwegian Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906). N'abalị mbụ nke egwuregwu a, nke mere na Salón Liceo del Círculo de la Amistad (Friendship Circle Lyceum Hall), bụ ọdịda dị egwu. Ozi Ibsen gosipụtara bụ nke na-ele anya n'ihu na nke na-aga n'ihu iji ghọta ya n'ụzọ dị mfe.[7]
N'adịghị ka nkụda mmụọ site na ihe ndọghachi azụ mbụ a, Josefina Molina kpebiri ịga n'ihu na ọrụ ya dị ka onye nduzi ihe nkiri. O jisiri ike wepụta ihe anọ (ma ọ bụ arụmọrụ ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ) ma, n'otu oge ahụ, ọ gakwuuru ndị dị mkpa dị iche iche na-eme ihe ngosi na ndị mgbasa ozi. Nke ahụ bụ otu o si malite, site na 1962, ọ malitere ịrụkọ ọrụ mgbe niile na mmemme redio Vida de espectáculos (Life of shows). A na-agbasa ya na nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na Radio Vida na ngalaba akpọrọ La mujer y el cine (Ndị inyom na Cinema).[8]
Ọrụ ọkachamara
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Molina gụrụ sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma na 1962 o guzobere otu ihe nkiri Teatro de Ensayo Medea n'obodo ya ma duzie ọtụtụ mmepụta. N'afọ 1969, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na iduzi / imepụta na Official Cinema School. N'oge ahụ, ọ gbara ọtụtụ ihe nkiri maka Spanish Television (Estudio 1 [Study 1], Hora once [Eleventh hour], Teatro de siempre [The same theater as always] wdg).
E mere ya onye na-ahụ maka mgbanwe nke The Metamorphosis nke Kafka, nke o kwuru, sị: "ọ bụ ihe siri ike nke ọ dịghị onye chọrọ ime, mana etinye m obi m n'ime ya ma ndị mmadụ mechara kwuo, sị: 'nwa agbọghọ ahụ dara ogbenye arụsiwo ọrụ ike nke na anyị nwere ihe na ya.' Ị pụghị iche n'echiche etu ụdị nna a si bụrụ ihe a na-agaghị anagide.[9]
Ọ gbanwere ma duzie ọtụtụ mmepụta dịka Motín de Brujas (Riot of Witches) nke Josep Maria Benet, No puede ser el guardar una mujer (Enweghị Onye Na-eche Nwaanyị) nke Agustín Moreto, Cartas de Amor (Akwụkwọ ozi ịhụnanya) nke A. R. Gurney na La Lozana Andaluza (Nwata Andalusian ahụike), nke Rafael Alberti kwadoro egwuregwu ahụ nke Francisco Delicado.[10]
Usoro telivishọn ya a ma ama bụ: El Camino (The Road) (1978) nke na-akọ akụkọ Daniel, nwa nwoke dị Ụzọ iri na otu a na-akpọ el Mochuelo (obere nnụnụ), onye debanyere aha n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị n'obodo ahụ ma ya mere ọ ghaghị ịhapụ obodo ebe ọ tolitere. Otú ọ dị, n'abalị tupu ọ pụọ, Daniel na-echeta oge ọ bụ nwata na akụkọ banyere ndị bi na ndagwurugwu ebe a zụlitere ya; Teresa de Jesús (Teresa nke Jizọs) (1984) na-akọ akụkọ ndụ St. Teresa nke Jizọs, nke Concha Velasco gosipụtara, na Entre Naranjos (N'etiti osisi oroma) nke Blasco Ibañez dere (1998).
Ọ na-eduzi ihe nkiri, na-enwe nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na Cinco Horas con Mario (AAwa Ise na Mario), okwu a na-anọchite anya ya ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ. Ọ bụ Lola Herrera na Natalia Millan emeela ya n'oge dị iche iche dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Miguel Delibes. N'afọ 1990, o duziri Los últimos Días de Emmanuel Kant (The Last Days of Immanuel Kant), nke Alfonso Sastre.
Ihe nkiri mbụ ya, Vera, un cuento cruel (Vera, akụkọ obi ọjọọ), nke so n'ụdị fantasy, malitere na 1973. N'afọ 1981, ọ ruru ọkwa dị mma dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Función de noche (N'abalị). Ihe nkiri a na-akọ akụkọ ndụ nke alụmdi na nwunye dị iche nke Lola Herrera na Daniel Dicenta na-akọwa ndụ nke ha.
N'afọ 1989, e wepụtara ihe nkiri akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Esquilache. Ọ dabeere na Un soñador para un pueblo (Onye na-arọ nrọ maka ndị mmadụ) nke Antonio Buero Vallejo. O nwere nnukwu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke gụnyere Fernando Fernán Gómez, Adolfo Marsillach, Concha Velasco na ndị ọzọ a ma ama na-eme egwuregwu. Lo más natural (The most natural) (1990), nke Charo López na Miguel Bosé, na La Lola se va a los puertos (Lola na-aga n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri) (1993), ya na onye na-agụ egwu Rocío Jurado, bụ ọrụ ihe nkiri ikpeazụ ya.[11]
N'afọ 2006, o guzobere CIMA, otu ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri na mgbasa ozi, ya na ndị ọzọ na-eme fim dị ka Inés Paris Chus Gutiérrez, Icíar Bollaín na Isabel Coixet. Josefina bụ Onye isi oche nsọpụrụ nke njikọ ahụ. N'afọ 2011, ụlọ akwụkwọ Spanish Academy of Film Arts and Sciences nyere ya Honorary Goya Award, nke ọ na-enweghị ike ịga. [12]N'afọ 2012, a kpọrọ ya Honorary Citizen na Andalucia.[13]
E wezụga ịbụ onye nduzi ọ bụkwa onye edemede nwere onyinye. Mgbe o kpebiri na ọ gaghị eme ihe nkiri ọ bụla ọzọ, Josefina Molina malitere ide ihe n'ihi na, dịka o kwuru, 'ọ bụrụ na emeghị m, ọ ga-ewute m nke ukwuu.' Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya bụ Cuestión de azar (A Matter of Chance). Ọ kọwara ya dị ka:"akụkọ nke ọgbọ m na Andalucia, otu esi agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ agbọghọ na otu esi zụlite m". Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ sochiri En el umbral de la hoguera (N'ọnụ ụzọ nke osisi) banyere Teresa nke Jizọs. "Ha rịọrọ m maka akwụkwọ dabere na usoro telivishọn ahụ, mana ka m hapụrụ otu ihe omume site na mbipụta ikpeazụ, ahọrọ m ide banyere ya: njem ya na Andalucia - mgbe Inquisition na-enyocha ya na Order gwara ya ka ọ nọrọ jụụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ndị Barefoot Carmelitas na ndị ọzọ nọ n'agha.- "... Abụ m naanị onye na-amụta akwụkwọ, mana ọ na-akpali akpali n'ihi na ị nwere ike ime ihe ọ bụla ịchọrọ, na-enweghị onye na-emepụta ihe nke na-agwa gị ihe ị ga-eme ma ọ bụ otu na-adabere na ntụziaka gị. Naanị ihe ị ga-eme bụ nkwekọrịta na onwe gị mgbe ị na-ede, ị nwere ike ịghọ aghụghọ mana n'ikpeazụ ị bụ naanị gị na-ahụ maka ya. Nke a bụ ihe masịrị m. "Mgbe o dechara akwụkwọ a rịọrọ, Los papeles de Bécquer (akwụkwọ Becquer) na akụkọ ndụ onwe onye, Sentada en un rincón (Nnọdụ ala na nkuku), ọ na-edezi ihe ruo afọ isii, "nke m na-agaghị emecha. "[14]
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ MCNBiografias.com. «Molina Reig, Josefina (1936–VVVV). » MCNBiografias.com». www.mcnbiografias.com.
- ↑ Berlinale: 1989 Programme. berlinale.de. Retrieved on 10 March 2011.
- ↑ Awards at IMDB for "Teresa de Jesús" (1984)
- ↑ MCNBiografias.com. «Molina Reig, Josefina (1936–VVVV). » MCNBiografias.com». www.mcnbiografias.com.
- ↑ MCNBiografias.com. «Molina Reig, Josefina (1936–VVVV). » MCNBiografias.com». www.mcnbiografias.com.
- ↑ Ya Veremos M80 Radio (10 de septiembre de 2015). «Josefina Molina: la primera directora de cine en España». https://www.youtube.com/.
- ↑ MCNBiografias.com. «Molina Reig, Josefina (1936–VVVV). » MCNBiografias.com». www.mcnbiografias.com.
- ↑ MCNBiografias.com. «Molina Reig, Josefina (1936-VVVV). » MCNBiografias.com». www.mcnbiografias.com.
- ↑ País, Ediciones El (18 de mayo de 2015). «Josefina Molina: ser mujer y hacer películas...». EL PAÍS
- ↑ «Josefina Molina». Cinco Horas Con Mario (en español de España).
- ↑ Borau, José Luis, dir. (1998) Diccionario del cine español. Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de España.
- ↑ Josefina Molina, Goya de Honor 2011 RTVE.es
- ↑ abc. «Josefina Molina verá reconocida su carrera en el Festival de Cine Europeo de Sevilla 2013». abcdesevilla.es
- ↑ País, Ediciones El (18 de mayo de 2015). «Josefina Molina: ser mujer y hacer películas...». EL PAÍS.