Kader Asmal
Kader Asmal | |
|---|---|
_Barrys_Memorial_-_Kader_Asmal.jpg) | |
| Minister of Education | |
| [[ Ambassador to Templeeti:CountryPrefixThe]] | |
| In office Templeeti:En dash range | |
| President | Thabo Mbeki |
| Preceded by | Sibusiso Bengu |
| Succeeded by | Naledi Pandor |
| Member of Parliament | |
| [[ Ambassador to Templeeti:CountryPrefixThe]] | |
| In office Templeeti:En dash range | |
| Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry | |
| [[ Ambassador to Templeeti:CountryPrefixThe]] | |
| In office Templeeti:En dash range | |
| President | Nelson Mandela |
| Preceded by | Magnus Malan |
| Succeeded by | Ronnie Kasrils |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
8 Ọktoba 1934 Durban |
| Died | 22 Juunu 2011 (aged 76) |
| Political party | African National Congress |
| Spouse(s) | Louise Parkinson |
| Children | 2 |
Abdul Kader Asmal (8 Ọktoba 1934 - 22 Juun 2011) [1] bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa. Ọ bụ prọfesọ nke ikike mmadụ na Mahadum Western Cape, onyeisi oche nke kansụl nke Mahadum North na osote onye isi oche nke African Association of International Law. Ọ lụrụ Louise Parkinson ma mụọ ụmụ nwoke abụọ.
Ọ bụ onye Honorary Fellow nke Royal College of Surgeons na Ireland, natara nzere doctorate Honoris Causa site na Queen's University Belfast (1996) ma bụrụ onye nwetara onyinye mmiri Stockholm nke afọ 2000.
Oge ọ malitere
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Amụrụ na 1934, Asmal toro na Stanger, KwaZulu-Natal. Ọ bụ nwa nwoke onye India na-ere ahịa na otu n'ime ụmụaka asaa.[1] Mgbe ọ bụ nwata akwụkwọ, ọ zutere Chief Albert Luthuli, onye kpaliri ya maka ikike mmadụ.[2]
Ọganihu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Asmal malitere na 1952 site na mkpọsa Defiance, mgbe a gwara ya ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ nke ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ mpaghara. Nke ahụ kpughere ya na mbọ ndị obodo India na-agba iji dozie ịkpa ókè agbụrụ mgbe gọọmentị nwara itinye iwu Group Areas Act na Stanger.[2]
Mgbe e mesịrị na 1952, Asmal hapụrụ Stanger ịga na Springfield Teacher Training College na Durban. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka onye nkụzi na 1954, e kenyere ya ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị India nile na Darnall, KwaZulu-Natal. Mgbe ọ nọ na Darnall, ọ debara aha maka nzere bachelọ site na akwụkwọ ozi na bekee, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụkọ ihe mere eme na UNISA.[2]
N'afọ 1959, Asmal ruru eru dị ka onye nkuzi wee kwaga London, ebe ọ debanyere aha na London School of Economics and Political Science.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asmal bụ onye guzobere Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement. O kwuru na mgbe ọ nọ na Ireland na ngwụcha afọ 1970, o nyeere ANC aka ịchọta ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke IRA, bụ ndị mere nyocha na ụlọ nrụpụta Sasolburg nke South Africa, nke uMkhonto we Sizwe, ngalaba ndị agha nke ANC, tụrụ bọmbụ na 1980. [3]
Mgbe ọ nọ na London, ọ malitere British Anti-Apartheid Movement na mgbe ọ sonyeere Trinity College Dublin dị ka onye nkuzi nke ikike mmadụ, ọrụ na iwu mba ụwa, ọ malitere Irish Anti-A partheid Movement. Asmal ruru eru dị ka onye ọka iwu na London na Dublin Bars ma nweta nzere na London School of Economics (LL.M. (Lond.)) na Trinity College, Dublin (M.A. (Dubl.)).
Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na iwu na Trinity College Dublin ruo afọ 27, [3] ọkachamara na ikike mmadụ, ọrụ na iwu mba ụwa. Asmal jere ozi na kọmitii iwu nke ANC site na 1986. Mgbe ọ nọ na Ireland, o nyekwara aka guzobe Kansụl Irish maka Nnwere Onwe Obodo na Òtù Ọrụ Ịgba Ọsọ. Ọ bụ onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nke Centre for Human Rights na Mahadum Pretoria .
Minista na-ahụ maka mmiri
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 1990, Asmal laghachiri South Africa [3] ma n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a họpụtara ya na Kọmitii Nchịkwa Mba nke ANC. N'afọ 1993, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu mkparịta ụka nke ANC na Multiparty Negotiating Forum. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 1994, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu mba ahụ, ọ sonyeere ndị Minista, dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka mmiri na ọhịa.[4]
N'afọ 1996, World Wide Fund for Nature-South Africa nyere Asmal ihe nrite ọla edo ha maka ọrụ nchekwa ya. N'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa, ọ kwadoro Global Water Partnership nke ọ bụ onye nkwado ya. Dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara mmiri na ọhịa, ọ butere ụzọ n'ịmata echiche nke "gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka onye isi na-eji mmiri eme ihe".[5] Mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka Minista nke Mmiri na Ọhịa, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onyeisi oche nke World Commission on Dams (1997-2001). A na-ewere ọrụ ya dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka mmiri dị ka ihe ịga nke ọma, nke a na-ekwu n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi ikike ya ịrụ ọrụ na ndị Ọrụ gọọmentị Afrikaner.
Minista nke Mmụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ ezie na Asmal anọghị nso Onye isi ala Thabo Mbeki dịka ọ nọ na President Nelson Mandela, [1] e buliri ya ịbụ Minista Education na 1999[2] mgbe ntuli aka izugbe nke afọ ahụ gasịrị.[3]. Otu n'ime atụmatụ ya dị ka Minista Education bụ mmalite na 2001 nke South African History Project "iji kwalite ma kwalite ọnọdụ na ọnọdụ mmụta na nkuzi nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ South Africa, na ebumnuche nke iweghachi ọnọdụ ya na ihe onwunwe ya. ịzụrụ ọgụgụ isi na klas" "
N'iburu oke ahaghị nhata n'usoro agụmakwụkwọ e ketara n'aka ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ọtụtụ ndị na-ahụ ọkwa a ka chalice nsi. Mgbe ọ tụgharịrị azụ ụfọdụ amụma mmụta nwere oke agụụ nke ANC iji mee ka nkenke ya bụrụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya, o jisiri ike webata mgbanwe ụfọdụ dị oke mkpa na nke dị ukwuu na usoro agụmakwụkwọ obodo na akụkọ ntolite ya. Otu n'ime mmegharị ya kacha arụ ụka dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ bụ iji oke egwu yie mahadum South Africa egwu ma ọ bụrụ na ha etinyeghị usoro mmemme siri ike nye ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị ọrụ ha. Asmal kpebiri imechi ụlọ akwụkwọ nkuzi nkuzi yana ụfọdụ kọleji nka nka.[1][2][3] Ewebatara nkuzi dabere na nsonaazụ ya n'oge ọchịchị ya, ma kagbuo afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị. [6][7][8][9]
Onye na-anọ n'azụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 2004, Asmal hapụrụ gọọmentị mana ọ ga-anọgide na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu ruo n'afọ 2008.
N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2007, ọ katọrọ Robert Mugabe n'ụzọ siri ike maka ọnọdụ dị na Zimbabwe, na-akwa arịrị na ọ kwurịghị okwu n'oge gara aga, mgbe ọ malitere akwụkwọ Through the Darkness - A Life in Zimbabwe, nke Judith Todd, nwa nwanyị nke Southern Rhodesia Prime Minister Garfield Todd, onye na-emegide ọchịchị ndị ọcha n'okpuru Ian Smith.
Asmal gbara arụkwaghịm na nzuko omeiwu n'afọ 2008 iji mee mkpesa megide mgbasa nke ANC nke ndị na-emegide mpụ nke Scorpions. O chere na ọ bụ mkpebi na-adịghị mma nakwa na ọ bụghị ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Scorpions nyochara ma chọpụta na ha na-etinye aka na nrụrụ aka wee sonye na ntuli aka iji gbasaa nzukọ ahụ.[10]
Ndụ e mesịrị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asmal kpọrọ oku ka ewepụ Iwu Nchebe nke Ozi Steeti (nke a makwaara dị ka "Mkpụrụ Nzuzo").[11]
O bipụtara akụkọ ndụ onwe ya, Politics in my Blood . [2][3]
Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 2011 mgbe ọ nwesịrị nkụchi obi.
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Uys, Stanley. "Kader Asmal obituary", The Guardian, 2011-06-23. (in en-GB)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Asmal (2011). Kader Asmal: Politics in My Blood - A Memoir. South Africa: Jacana, 20–29. ISBN 9781770099036. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Memoir" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Alexander. "IRA aided anti-apartheid bombing, claimed Asmal", The Irish Times, 2011-08-29. Retrieved on 2017-05-21. (in en-US) Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ sahoboss (2011-02-17). Professor Kader Abdul Asmal (en). South African History Online. Retrieved on 2019-05-31.
- ↑ (24 September 1997) "South African Water Minister to Head New World Commission on Dams". Archived from the original on 8 February 2005. Retrieved on 2017-05-01.
- ↑ Asmal. K (27 July 1999). Call to Action: Mobilising Citizens to Build a South African Education and Training System for the 21st Century. Retrieved on 1 November 2019.
- ↑ Mahlangu, B (5 July 2010). Outcomes Based Education to be scrapped. Sunday Times. Retrieved on 7 December 2019.
- ↑ Isaacs, B (12 January 2020). We can still turn our education system around. Cape Argus. Retrieved on 21 January 2020.
- ↑ Olivier, B (5 September 2009). Why OBE has not worked in South Africa. Mail & Guardian. Retrieved on 1 January 2018.
- ↑ "Why Kader Asmal resigned from Parliament", Mail & Guardian, 29 October 2008. Retrieved on 22 June 2011.
- ↑ Rice. Asmal calls for withdrawal of Information Bill (en). ewn.co.za. Retrieved on 2022-11-11.