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Kenya Ceramic Jiko

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Kenya Ceramic Jiko bụ stovu a na- mada , nke a na-eji esi nri, nke a na-ebu n'ibu mepere emepe na Kenya.  E ijabọ ya site na nke ndị otu obodo na nke mba ụwa, iji obi ike onyonyo Iji.

Nkọwa

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 Kenya Ceramic Jiko, nke a mara dị ka KCJ, bụ stovu nke na-eji icheku ọkụ dị ka nri.  Ọ nwere hourglass, a na- mpa-papa mee ya, ya na seramiiki.[1]  Akpụkpọ ahụ nwere oghere n'ala ya, nke na-enye ndị eze ka ntụ daa ma chịkọta ya na igbe dị na ala nke stovu.[1]  Omimi nke ụdị KCJ a na-eme ihe n'ụwa niile sitere na 70 ruo 100 mm.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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Echiche maka Kenya Ceramic Jiko sitere na Thai Bucket Stove ma bụrụ nke e mere ka ọ dị ka Kenya Traditional Metal Stove nke a mara dị ka TMS.[1]  Ọ bụ site na imezigharị stovu abụọ a ka eeje Kenya Ceramic Jiko.  Saịtị na ụlọ nke ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na nke mba ụwa, Kenya Ceramic Jiko Manuel ma nwee ike.  ụfọdụ ndị dị ka CARE, UNICEF, The Bellerive Foundation, yana ụlọ ọrụ nke United States na Germany niile keere òkè na mmepụta na nkwalite nke KCJ.[2]  Kenya Energy and Environment Organisation (KENGO) arụwo ọrụ siri ike n'ịbawanye mmata, na ojiji ojiji nke Kenya Ceramic Jiko nwa afọ 1982.[1]

Injinia

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[2]  Iji jide Kenya Ceramic Jiko, ihe abụọ dị mkpa: ụrọ iji mee ceramic, na ire.  A na-eji mpempe dị nro dị nro ite ọkụ ahụ, nke a nwere ike ike site na mpempe akwụkwọ dịka nke a na-ahụ na bitumen drums.[1]  Maka mpe mperi, ndị kacha nta mkpa bụ 0.5 mm, na nke nkọwa elu bụ 0.8 mm.[2]  A na-echekwa niile dị na etiti ahụ ọnụ ebe na iji ma ọ bụ ịkọta.[2]    Maka ezumike ite, a ga-eji ogwe mgbada dị gburugburu n'etiti 7-8 mm n'ịdị arọ mee ihe, ebe a ga-eke mpempe akwụkwọ 0.8 mm n'akpa ụkwụ ite.[2]    Flag nwere ike ji ntọala nke stoveop ike arọ arọ, ihe dị ka 0.25 mm n'ịdị arọ, dị ka ihe dị n'ime ceramic na-echebe ya ngwa na mmetụ ihu na ihu na ibi.

A na-eji ụrọ eme akụkụ ceramic nke stove ahụ, nke a na-akpụzi ma na-agba ọkụ. Àgwà maka ụdị ụrọ dị mma maka iji ya mee ihe bụ: ikike ịnọgide na-enwe ike dị mma mgbe a gbara ya ọkụ na 900 °C; ikike ịnọgide na'enwe obere oghere mgbe okpomọkụ ruru 1150 °C; ụrọ ekwesịghị ịgbagọ ma ọ bụ gbanwee ọdịdị mgbe a gbara ọkụ na 1250 °C.    Mgbe a na-agbanye ụrọ ahụ ọkụ, ọ ga-agbanye na-acha pinki na-acha ọcha, na, iji belata ohere nke ịgbaji, ọ ga na-ebelata ihe na-erughị 8% mgbe a gbasịrị ya.[2] A na-akpọkarị ụrọ nke na-emezu ụkpụrụ niile dị n'elu "ụrọ ọkụ".[2]

Iji jide Kenya Ceramic Jiko, ụdị ụdị ọrụ abụọ nwere nkà, Onye na-arụ ọrụ, na onye na-ahụ maka ụrọ.  E iwu hama, ihe ike ngwá ọrụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa iji jide Kenya Ceramic Jiko site na ihe mkpofu ma ọ bụ aka.

Ahụike

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Mgbasa ọkụ n'ime ụlọ nke osisi, coal, charcoal, peat (ihe nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe mgbaba) nwere ike ibute nsogbu.  Na ọkụ nke ọkụ, ihe ndị a "na-ere ọkụ," na-emebi ọtụtụ n'ime nri ha nwere ike ime n'anụ ọkụ.  Ọkụ a na-agwụ ezu na gas na-egbu egbu (ya bụ, ọkụ ọkụ, nke nwere kemịkal dị ka carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, sulfur oxides) na ihe na-egbu mgbu na ikuku nke ụlọ ahụ.[1]  Gas na ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị nwere njikọ doro anya na ọba dị ukwuu nke ọrịa kansa na nsogbu iku ume siri ike ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị ala ala.  Ụzọ ụzọ mfe maka ndị mmadụ na-adabere na ọkụ ọkụ iji ihe ize ndụ a nwere ike ịbụ ịcha ọkpọ (ma ọ bụ mmiri ọgwụ) tupu ha agba ya ọkụ.  Mmiri dị ala n'ime, ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, ọkụ na'ime ụlọ na-adị ọcha, ikuku dị ọcha.  Ịkpọ nkụ na-enyere aka aka, ebe ọ bụ na mmiri na-adịghị - na-ahụ site na akụ nke ọkụ a ọkụ - na-achọ ọkụ na-edebe ahụ.[3]

Ebe obibi

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Na Kenya ihe dị ka 70% nke ike a na-eji eme ihe sitere na osisi, ebe 80% nke ndị bi na ya dabere na ya.[1]  Ndị na-eji stovu eme ihe n'ime ime obodo na-akpọ ọkọlọtọ osisi ọkụ, ebe ndị bi n'obodo ukwu na-enwe ọkụ dị ka ihe na-akpa ọkụ.[1]  Ngalaba na-ahụ maka ike na ike na mpaghara nke Kenya mere mmemme na, na 1986,-ama kwa afọ maka osisi dị ka isi bụ nde tɔn 18.7, ma na-eto na ajụjụ nke 3.6% kwa afọ.[1]  Ịgbutu osisi osisi amị mere ka gburugburu ebe obibi mebie, mfu nke oké mkpa, mfu nke ụdị dị iche iche, ụdị nke ebe obibi, na ụdị nke mbuze ala.[2]  A na-agwụcha nkwakọba osisi site na 40% nkọwa nke anya.[4]

Uru

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Mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, Kenya Ceramic Jiko nwere ikike iji 20-50%, ya mere na-ebelata ọchịchọ maka osisi dị ka ihe na-agbanye ọkụ. [5][6] Stove nwere ike belata 20% nke ikuku na-esite na ọkụ na-ezughị ezu; Otú ọ dị, a ka na-eme nnyocha iji kwado nke a. [7] Na mgbakwunye, Ceramic Jiko na-eme ka nchekwa ụmụaka dịkwuo mma ka ihe mkpuchi ceramic na-egbochi stove ịghọ ọkụ nke ukwuu.[8]

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ Kammen, Daniel. “Research, Development and Commercialisation of the Kenya Ceramic Jiko and other Improved Biomass Stoves in Africa.” Horizon Solutions Site. Accessed on 26 November 2012. Retrieved from
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AllenHugh
  3. ↑ Sandhu, Sharanpal. “The Kenya Ceramic Jiko.” Horizon Solutions Site for Kids. Accessed on 26 November 2012. Retrieved from
  4. ↑ Walubergo, Dominic. “Improved Stove Programmes in Kenya.” World Environmental Liberty. Accessed on 26 November 2012. Retrieved from .
  5. ↑ Richard C. Dorf (January 2001). Technology, Humans, and Society: Toward a Sustainable World. Academic Press, 318–. ISBN 978-0-12-221090-7. 
  6. ↑ W.A. Allen (20 September 2005). A Global Strategy for Housing in the Third Millennium. Taylor & Francis, 88–. ISBN 978-1-135-82777-9. 
  7. ↑ Barrett Hazeltine (2003). Field Guide to Appropriate Technology. Academic Press, 206–. ISBN 978-0-12-335185-2. 
  8. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named kammen
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