Litsea garciae
| Litsea garciae | |
|---|---|
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| Young Litsea garciae tree at the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, Florida | |
Scientific classification 
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| Missing taxonomy template (fix): | Litsea |
| Species: | Template:Taxonomy/LitseaL. garciae
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| Binomial name | |
| Template:Taxonomy/LitseaLitsea garciae Vidal (1886)
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| Synonyms | |
| Litsea garciae | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Young Litsea garciae tree at the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, Florida | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Lauraceae |
| Genus: | Litsea |
| Species: | L. garciae
|
| Binomial name | |
| Litsea garciae Vidal (1886)
| |
| Synonyms | |
Litsea garciae, nke a makwaara dị ka engkala, میsilak, kangkala, pangalaban, na Borneo avocado, bụ osisi na-agbasa okooko n'ezinụlọ Lauraceae.[3]
Aha ndị ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Litsea garciae nwere ọtụtụ aha a na-ahụkarị n'ofe obodo ya. N'Indonesia, a maara ya dịka kalangkala, medang, malai, wuru lilin, kelimah, bua talal, kelime, Keimie, bua' vengolobon, wi lahal, kelima, mali, beva' mali, kayu mali, na malei. Na Malaysia, a maara ya dịka ta'ang, pengalaban, pengolaban, tebulus, buah pengalaban، buah tebuluh, na pong labon. Na Philippines, a maara ya dịka kupa, pipi, bagnolo, na bangulo, na Taiwan dị ka lan yu mu jiang zi na lan yu mu.[3]
Nhazi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Litsea garciae bụ nwa amaala Taiwan, Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, na Indonesia, ọkachasị Peninsular Malaysia na agwaetiti Borneo, Sumatra, Java, na Sulawesi.[4] A na-ekwere na ọ malitere na Philippines, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ kwenyere na ọ malitere ne Borneo.[5] Ọ na-eto n'ọhịa na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nke nwere akwụkwọ sara mbara na ebe ndị a na-emetụ n'ahụ, nke mepere emepe ruo mita 200 (660 ụkwụ) n'ịdị elu. A na-ahụkarị ya n'akụkụ osimiri na n'akụkụ ugwu nwere ájá na ụrọ, ọ na-ahọrọ ọnọdụ ndò.[6]
Nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Litsea garciae bụ osisi na-eto eto nke dị n'etiti ruo nnukwu osisi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke na-eto 10-26 mita (33-85 ụkwụ) n'ịdị elu. Ogwe osisi ahụ nwere ike iru sentimita 60 (24 sentimita) n'obosara.[6] Akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ gbara ọchịchịrị dị mfe ma na-agbanwe agbanwe ma bụrụ lanceolate-ovate ma ọ bụ lanceolaate-obovate n'ọdịdị. Ha bụ ndị na-enweghị isi ma na-atụle 25-40 sentimita (9.8-15.7 sentimita) n'ogologo na 6-15 sentimita (2.4-5.9 sentimita) mu obosara. Ha na-ada site na alaka osisi. Okooko osisi ndị ahụ dị obere ma na-acha odo odo na-acha ọcha. Isi okooko osisi ahụ dị milimita iri na ise n'obosara. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị oblate na globose n'ọdịdị ma na-atụle 2.2-3 sentimita (0.87-1.18 sentimita) n'ịdị elu na 2.5-4.5 sentimita (0.98-1.77 sentimita) na dayameta. A na-eri ya ma nwee ụtọ mmiri ara ehi, nke yiri avocado. Mgbe ọ na-esoghị, akpụkpọ ahụ na-acha ọcha na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mgbe ọ na-eto, ọ na-acha pinki na ọbara ọbara. Anụ ahụ dị n'ime na-adị nro ma na-acha ọcha, mgbe ụfọdụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Ogwe osisi ahụ buru ibu ma na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. O nwere 1 nnukwu, mkpụrụ na-acha nchara nchara nke na-atụle 1.5-2 sentimita (0.59-0.79 sentimita) n'obosara.[7] Osisi ahụ anaghị anabata oyi ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru 55 °F (13 ).[8] Osisi ahụ na-amị mkpụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ ise.[9]
Ojiji[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A na-eri mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na-esighị esi ma ọ bụ na-esiri ya esi, a na-akụkwa osisi ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ maka mkpụrụ ya. Mgbe a na-eri ya na-esighị ike, a na-afụkọta ya n'aka ma ọ bụ jiri spoon kụọ ya iji mee ka ọ ghara inwe ụtọ.[8] Ụzọ a ma ama isi rie mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bụ itinye ya na mmiri ọkụ ruo nkeji ise, wee wụsa ya nnu. A na-enye ya mgbe ụfọdụ na osikapa. A na-etinye mkpụrụ osisi ndị na-esubeghị eto.[9] A na-ewepụta mmanụ site na mkpụrụ ahụ, nke a na-eji eme kandụl na ncha. A na-eji osisi eme ihe n'iwu ụlọ.[6] Litsea garciae nwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ. Ndị Iban na-eji ụgbụgbọ osisi a na-ere ọkụ iji gwọọ ọnya caterpillar, ma jiri ụgbụ osisi gwọọ ọnyụ. Ndị Selako na-eji ọgwụ nke akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ osisi tinyere mkpụrụ osisi chalot na fennel iji gwọọ ọrịa na ọrịa akpụkpọ ahụ. A na-ejikwa ya agwọ ọkụ akpụkpọ ahụ. Ndị Penan na-eji ihe na-egbu egbu maka ikpere, nkwonkwo ụkwụ, na ihe mgbu nke uru ahụ. A na-ejikwa ihe ndị e ji ụgbụgbọ mee iji nyere ọrịa aka dịka ọbara n'ime nsị, a na-agwakọta ya na ụgbụ osisi durian iji mee ihe mgbochi maka ọnyá agwọ.[3]
Chemistry[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mkpụrụ osisi Litsea garciae nwere nnukwu phytochemicals, nke nwere ikike dị ka antioxidant nke nwere ike inye aka na ahụike mmadụ. Ihe dị na phenolic na flavonoid dị elu na okpu ogwe, na uru nke 8.29±0.70 milligrams gallic acid na 6.90±0.61 milligrames rutin, n'otu n'otu. Anthocyanin dị n'ime anụ nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, na uru nke 4.12±0.10 milligrams cyanidin-3-glucoside. A chọpụtakwara otu usoro nke antioxidant na phytochemical n'ime mmiri distilled.[10] Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bara ọgaranya na stearic acid ma nwee ihe ndị na-egbochi nje.[11]
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndepụta mkpụrụ osisi
Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Litsea garciae (25 September 2019).
- ↑ Rogier de Kok (formerly Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (25 September 2019). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Litsea garciae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Engkala facts | Health Benefits. Health Benefits Times (12 September 2016). Retrieved on 6 March 2021."Engkala facts | Health Benefits".
- ↑ Litsea garciae S.Vidal (en). www.gbif.org. Retrieved on 6 March 2021.
- ↑ ENGKALA_Litsea garciae | Fruitipedia. fruitipedia.com. Archived from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved on 6 March 2021.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Litsea garciae - Useful Tropical Plants. Useful Tropical Plants. Retrieved on 6 March 2021."Litsea garciae - Useful Tropical Plants".
- ↑ Engkala Facts, Health Benefits and Nutritional Value. Health Benefits Times (12 September 2016). Retrieved on 6 March 2021.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Litsea garciae. Tropical Plant Book. Archived from the original on 20 November 2022. Retrieved on 6 March 2021..
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Engkalak (en). Specialty Produce. Retrieved on 6 March 2021."Engkalak".
- ↑ Hassan (1 October 2013). "Antioxidant and phytochemical study on pengolaban (Litsea garciae), an edible underutilized fruit endemic to Borneo" (in en). Food Science and Biotechnology 22 (5): 1–7. DOI:10.1007/s10068-013-0202-x. ISSN 2092-6456.
- ↑ Kutoi (March 2013). "Nutritional Content, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Litsea Garciae". The Open Conference Proceedings Journal 4 (1). DOI:10.2174/2210289201304010115. Retrieved on 6 March 2021.