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Luce Turnier

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Luce Turnier (February 24, 1924 - 1994) bụ onye Haiti na-ese ihe na ihe ọrụ.  Otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na Haiti, Turnier Henry aha mba ụwa n'ihi njikọ ya nke omenala Haiti na ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ [1] [2] [3] [4]

Ndụ mmalite, agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A match Turnier na Jacmel, Haiti, na 1924. [1] Mgbe oké ifufe bibisịrị n’ebe ndị Haiti na 1937, Turnier kwagara Port-au-Prince [2] [5]

Ọ nsogbu na 1944 mgbe, mgbe ọ dị afọ 21, ọ debanyere aha na Le Center d'Art na Port-au-Prince wee bụrụ otu n'ime ndị otu ntọala ụlọ akwụkwọ nka / gallery.  Dị ka onye na-eto eto na-ese ihe, ọ masịrị ọrụ Candido Portinari na Käthe Kollwitz, ọ bụ ebe na ọ kọrọ na-eto eto site na ụgbọ mbụ ndị a.  [1] N'ajụjụ ọnụ 1983, Turnier ngwaọrụ mbụ nkà mbụ ya: "Mgbe m na-arụ ọrụ na Art Center, anyị akụkọ site na ndụ ndụ na ihe. Anyị nwere ... ịgba ọkpụ, ụdị abụọ, na ndụ.  ... Na Saturday anyị na-apụghị ime odida obodo [6]

N'zengou-Tayo ndị Turnier, yana Marie-Josée Nadal na Rose-Marie Desruisseaux, ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na-ahụ ihe nke Le Center, dị ka ndị n'etiti etiti Haiti.  Ọ bụ na ekiri ha dị elu nyere ha ikike nkà, ndị obodo Haiti nke etiti oge ahụ agbaghị ụmụ anụmanụ ume ebeso nkà, na-esekarị ha dị ka ndị na- ekiri ezi.  [1] Turnier chetara na, ebe ọtụtụ ụmụ na-achọ maka otu klas ma ọ bụ abụọ, Le Center d'Art nwere nanị ihe dị ka ụmụ anọ ma ọ bụ ise na-ese ihe mgbe nile n'oge ndị a.  mbụ.  Ọ ndị omume nlelị nke bourgeoisie Haiti na mbụ nwere n'ebe ndị na-ese ihe Le Center nọ, na-ele ha "dị ka hippies" ma ọ bụ "punks [6]

E tara ya na akwụkwọ Studio nke 3 nke Le Center d'Art kwa ụnwanyi.  Ya na otu mdị ndị na-ese ihe ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Albert Mangones, Gerald Bloncourt, Maurice Borno, Rigaud Benoit, Hector Hyppolite, Daniel Lafontant, na ndị ọzọ ngosi nexus nke Haitian Art Movement.  [1] Oge n'etiti 1946 na 1950, ime afọ nke ọrụ nka Turnier, na-akpọkwa "The Haitian Renaissance " [7]

Na 1946, saịtị na Nkwado nke UNESCO, e nwere ọrụ Turnier na Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris . [8]

Site na Disemba 8, 1949 ruo Juni 1950, ruo e ji "Ihe osise onwe ya" n'ime paịlị nka nka na International Bi-Centennial Celebration of Port-au-Prince .  [1] N'afọ 1950, Turnier na Lucien Price nyere aka inye ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, The Foyer [9]

N'oge ngosi 1950s, ndị nwere ọdịiche France na Haiti nyere Turnier scholarships ka ọ በቀላሉ ná mba ọzọ na United States na Europe na o nwere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na Europe.  [1] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na ma New York City na Paris ka ọ na-agbasi mbọ ike kpụrụ onwe ya nke ihe nkiri nketa Haiti na- ike isi na-echeta nke akara na echiche ya n'uche ihe nkà "Haitian  " bụ ma ọ bụ kwesịrị kwesịrị ka ya.  [2] Na New York City, Turnier akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Art Student League ebe ọ batara n'echiche nke modernist nke "na-eleda anya n'ihe gbasara spatial illusionism, na-ekwusi ike ike na-ejesi ike n'ezi ihe nke  ụgbọ elu foto dị ka mbara ala [3]

Ndụ onwe onye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọ lụrụ Eugenio Carpi de Resmini, onye Ịtali na-ese ihe, na 1954. Di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ abụọ. Ọ lụrụ ọzọ na 1965 na onye France na-ese ihe bụ Christian Lemesle. [2]

Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Haiti na 1970s, Turnier nwere mmasị na-abawanye ewu ewu n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. Turnier nwụrụ na 1994 na Paris, France. [2] [3]

Ụdị nka na nnabata dị egwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ịtụle ihe ngosi 1947 na Le Center d'Art, onye na-ese ihe Belgium na onye nkatọ Paul-Henri Bourguignon na-ozi Turnier nke ukwuu, akwụkwọ ya na avancés, ọrụ dị elu ma ọ bụ nke oge a,  ọ bụ ebe na ọ na-ji ndị populaires, ndị naive na oge ochie, na-arụ ọrụ.  .  Ma ndị mmadụ dabara n'ụdị avancés ma ọ bụ populaires nwere ọtụtụ ihe ịmụta ya na ọkwa nka na, n'ikpeazụ, mmekọ klaasịs [10]

Ndị na-ege ntī na Europe na US nke 1940 na 1950 Ụdịghị ụdị ọkaibe nke Turnier na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe na Haiti bụ ndị rụpụtara ọrụ n'ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ.  Ọkọ ndị mere ihe eme nke nka Gérald Alexis kwuru na ọkụ ọkụ n'obi maka ọgbara ọhụrụ nke Haiti na United States na McCarthyism nke meri na mba ahụ site na-eme afọ 1940 ruo etiti afọ 1950. Dị ka ọrụ nke Diego Rivera,  ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ sitere na nke mbụ ka a na-akpọ nkà ndị Kọmunist

Ndị na-ahụ maka gallery na ndị na-anakọta ihe osise, chọkwara ọrụ ndị dị iche iche "dị iche iche" na nke dị egwu, dịka ọmụmaatụ ndị na-emesi isiokwu nke akụkọ ọdịnala Haiti na voodou ike. N'agbanyeghị na-emegide mmasị na-ewu ewu na ọnọdụ nke oge, dị iche iche ngosi nka na Archives, na Musée d'Art Haïtien, echekwawo ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ nke Haitian moderns, gụnyere Turnier. [7]

Onye edemede Haiti Philippe Thoby-Marcelin echiche otú Turnier, ndị na-eke na-ese ihe ibe ya bụ Lucien Price na Luckner Lazare, na-Le Center d'Art n'ihi na onye nchoputa ya, American watercolorist De Witt Peters, "na-akwadoghị  [ed] ndị na-ese ihe na-ewu ewu."  [1] N'agbanyeghị schism a na eziokwu Turnier na ọtụtụ ndị otu ya ọgbara ọhụrụ ọhụrụ Haiti ịga akwụkwọ ma biri ná mba ọzọ, Efron akwụkwọ na ndị ọgbara ọhụrụ Haiti ka "na-enwe ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịmepụta [sic]  ] n'etiti onwe ha na ndị ọhụrụ, nke dị ala. Ndị na-ese klas nke Haiti, ihe osise ha, nke oge a, na ndị Haiti a ma ama, na-ese ihe atụ nke ngosipụta obi nke iyi abụọ.  nke Haiti" [11]

[6]N'afọ ndị 1950 na 1960, Turnier na-ese ihe nkiri egwu na-ahụ ahụkebe na ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-egosi ndị na-ekiri na pasta nke okike, klaassị, na colorism na Haiti.  [1] Turnier sere maka ịse ndị mmadụ mgbe ha nọ na Haiti na hur ala mgbe ọ nọ na France.  [2] N'afọ 1967, n'ịbụ onye di ya nke abụọ, bụ́ Christian Lemesle, ihe, Turnier pụtara ihe nlegharị anya.  [3] Turnier ọhụrụ mechara oge n'etiti 1965 na 1972, mgbe ọ na-egosi Lemesle ma biri na Paris, dị ka "oge mgbasa ozi" nke uto.  O chetara "oge iche iche" a dị ka oge uche uche dị elu mgbe o ibu maka onwe ya, na-achọ anya maka ihe mma na azụmahịa nke ụwa nka.  Turnier ọrụ ya dị ka ihe na-egosipụta ìhè n'oge a

Ọ hụrụ udidi dị ka ihe dị mkpa na ọrụ ya ma kwuo maka itinye ihe ndị dị ndụ, dị ka akwụkwọ banana, n'ọrụ o kere mgbe e mesịrị na ndụ, mgbe ọ laghachiri na Haiti. [12]

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Brooklyn Museum: Luce Turnier. www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved on 2020-07-09.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Luce Turnier (Haitian, 1924-1995). www.naderhaitianart.com. Archived from the original on 2020-05-24. Retrieved on 2020-07-09.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Douglas. "THE HEWITT COLLECTION: A Multicultural Legacy at Geneva College" (in en). 
  4. ↑ (2008) in Frank: Readings in Latin American modern art.. Yale University Press, 71. 
  5. ↑ More about Luce Turnier (en). francielatour. Retrieved on 2020-07-10.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Luce Turnier (1983 Interview, Part 1). YouTube. Chicago Gallery of Haitian Art.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Benson (1996). "Three Presentations of the Arts of Haiti (A Review Article)". Journal of Haitian Studies 2 (2): 141–152. ISSN 1090-3488. 
  8. ↑ Hadjadj (2010-12-01). "Jacmel: A Centre for the Development of Culture and Tourism". Museum International 62 (4): 116–124. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0033.2011.01750.x. ISSN 1350-0775. 
  9. ↑ Haffner, P. L. (2017). “No Word for ‘Art’ in Kreyòll”: Haitian Contemporary Art in Transit (Doctoral dissertation, UCLA).
  10. ↑ Bourguignon (2004). "Haiti and the Art of Paul-Henri Bourguignon". Research in African Literatures 35 (2): 173–188. DOI:10.2979/RAL.2004.35.2.173. ISSN 0034-5210. 
  11. ↑ Efron (1955). "The "New Movement" in Haiti". Caribbean Quarterly 4 (1): 14–31. DOI:10.1080/00086495.1955.11829653. ISSN 0008-6495. 
  12. ↑ Luce Turnier (1983 Interview, Part 2). YouTube. Chicago Gallery of Haitian Art.

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

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