Matilda McCrear
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| Aha ọmụmụ | Àbáké |
| Aha enyere | Matilda |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | McCrear |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1850s |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Naijiria |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | Jenụwarị 1940 |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye ọrụ ugbo |
| nhazi nke ọha | enslaved person |
Matilda McCrear (ihe dị ka 1857 - Jenụwarị 1940) bụ onye ikpeazụ a maara dị ndụ na United States nke ahịa ohu na ụgbọ mmiri Clotilda. Ọ bụ onye Yoruba nke e jidere ma kpọga ya Mobile, Mobile County, Alabama mgbe ọ dị afọ abụọ na nne ya na nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya.[1][2]
E rere ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ n'aka nne ha ma ha enwetaghị onwe ha. Ya na ndị ohu America ndị ọzọ nọ n'ókèala Union bi na South, e nyere Matilda nnwere onwe site na Nkwupụta Nnwere Onwe nke 1863. Ya na ezinụlọ ya enwetaghị nnwere onwe ruo mgbe e wepụrụ ịgba ohu n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na 1865. Ọ gara n'ihu bụrụ onye na-ekere òkè dị ka okenye ma nwee ezinụlọ nke ụmụ iri na anọ na di onye ọcha a mụrụ na Germany. Ọ nwụrụ na Selma, Alabama.
Ndụ McCrear ghọrọ ihe a ma ama n'ihu ọha site na nyocha nke Hannah Durkin nke Mahadum Newcastle, bipụtara na 2020.
Ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ndị agha nke alaeze Dahomey nke West Africa jidere McCrear mgbe ọ bụ nwata na nne ya na nwanne ya nwanyị na West Africa bụ ndị wakporo ụlọ ha.[3] Ndị Dahomey buuru ndị mkpọrọ ha gaa Ouidah, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri maka ahia ohu. Captain William Foster nke Clotilda, ụgbọ mmiri ohu ikpeazụ a maara nke buuru ndị a dọọrọ n'agha site na Africa gaa na United States, mechara rute Ouidah ma buru ndị ohu Africa 110 gụnyere McCrear gaa na United Kingdom n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị (US machibidoro ahia ohu Atlantic na 1808 na Iwu Na-amachibido Mbubata nke Ndị Ohu).
N'ide akwụkwọ ya n'afọ 1860, Foster kọwara otú o si nweta ndị Afrịka ohu n'ụgbọ mmiri ya:
O je omo Yoruba.[4] O gba awọn aleebu oju ti aṣa eyiti o han fun iyoku igbesi aye rẹ. Nigbati o jẹ ọmọ ọdun meji, oun, iya rẹ Gracie ati arabinrin Sallie (gẹgẹbi wọn ti sọ wọn ni AMẸRIKA), ni a mu ati ra nipasẹ olugbẹ kan, Memorable Creagh. Wọn wa laarin diẹ sii ju 100 awọn ọmọ Afirika ti o gbe lọ ni ọdun 1860 lori Clotilda.[5] O ni awọn arabinrin meji miiran ti a ko mọ orukọ wọn, ati baba iya kan Guy. Awọn ọmọbirin naa ni a ta lẹhin iya wọn ko si tun darapọ mọ.
Mgbe e wepụrụ ịgba ohu na 1865, McCrear (onye bu ụzọ were aha nna Creagh) gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ekere òkè na Alabama na ndị ikwu ya.[4] Ọ lụbeghị di ma, dị ka nwa nwa ya si kwuo, ya na nwoke ọcha a mụrụ na Germany mụrụ ụmụ iri na anọ. Ọ gbanwere aha ya site na Creagh gaa na McCrear.[5]
Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asaa, o mere arịrịọ iwu maka ịkwụ ụgwọ maka ịgba ohu ya nke a chụpụrụ.[6] Dị ka Durkin si kwuo, o yiri ka ọ nọgidere na-eyi ntutu isi ya n'ụdị ọdịnala Yoruba ndụ ya niile. Ọ nwụrụ na Selma, Dallas County, Alabama, mgbe ọ dị afọ 83.[1]
Tupu mbipụta nke nyocha Durkin na 2020, a na-eche na Redoshi nke McCrear (ihe dị ka 1848 - 1937) bụ onye ikpeazụ dị ndụ nke Clotilda na nke ahịa ohu gafere Atlantic.[7]
Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Coughlan. "Last survivor of transatlantic slave trade discovered", BBC News, 2020-03-25. Retrieved on 2020-03-25. (in en-GB)
- ↑ Durkin (2020-03-19). "Uncovering The Hidden Lives of Last Clotilda Survivor Matilda McCrear and Her Family" (in en). Slavery & Abolition 41 (3): 431–457. DOI:10.1080/0144039X.2020.1741833. ISSN 0144-039X.
- ↑ The last slave ship survivor and her descendants identified. National Geographic Society (28 March 2020). Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved on 20 December 2021.
- ↑ Gifford. Final survivor of transatlantic slave trade revealed to have died 80 years ago. nydailynews.com. Archived from the original on 2020-03-29. Retrieved on 2020-03-29.
- ↑ Matilda McCrear – the hidden story of the last transatlantic slave trade survivor (en-US). HeritageDaily - Archaeology News (2020-03-25). Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved on 2020-03-29.
- ↑ Survivor of Transatlantic Slave Trade Identified - Archaeology Magazine. www.archaeology.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-27. Retrieved on 2020-03-29.
- ↑ Guy (26 March 2020). Last known survivor of transatlantic slave trade identified. CNN. Archived from the original on 2020-08-05. Retrieved on 2020-03-29.
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndepụta nke ndị ohu America ikpeazụ dị ndụ