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Mmekọahụ mgbe afọ ime gasịrị

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Mmekọahụ mgbe afọ ime gasịrị
obere ụdị nkesexual intercourse Dezie

Mmekọahụ mgbe afọ ime gasịrị na-egbu oge ruo ọtụtụ izu ma ọ bụ ọnwa, ọ pụkwara isi ike ma na-egbu mgbu maka ụmụ nwanyị. Mmekọahụ mgbe afọ ime gasịrị Mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu bụ nsogbu metụtara mmekọahụ kachasị mgbe amuchara.[1] Ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ntuziaka maka ịmaliteghachi mmekọahụ mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa, a na-adụ ndị ọrịa na-amụ nwa ọdụ ka ha maliteghachi mmekọahụ mgbe ha na-enwe ahụ iru ala ime ya.[1] Mmerụ ahụ na perineum ma ọ bụ ịwa ahụ (episiotomy) na akụkụ ahụ nwanyị n'oge ịmụ nwa nwere ike ịkpata nsogbu mmekọahụ. perineum episiotomy akụkụ ahụ nwanyị ịmụ nwa dysfunction mmekọahụ Mmekọahụ n'oge a mụsịrị nwa ma e wezụga mmekọahụ ga-ekwe omume n'oge na-adịghị anya, mana ụfọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enwe agụụ mmekọahụ ogologo oge mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa, nke nwere ike ijikọta ya na ịda mbà n'obi mgbe ha mụrụ nwa. Oge mgbe amuchara mmekọahụ Mmekọahụ agụụ mmekọahụ mgbe amucharịrị ịda mbà n'obi[2] Nsogbu ndị a na-ahụkarị nke nwere ike ịdịru ihe karịrị otu afọ mgbe amuchara bụ ọchịchọ ka ukwuu nke nwoke karịa nwanyị, yana imebi ọdịdị ahụ nwanyị. onyinyo ahụ[3][4][5]

Ụzọ ọmụmụ na mmerụ ahụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ụmụ nwanyị nwere mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ anya mmiri na perineum ha na-amalite inwe mmekọahụ mgbe ụmụ nwanyị nwere perineum na-enweghị nsogbu gasịrị, ụmụ nwanyị ndị chọrọ sutures perineal na-akọ mmekọrịta mmekọahụ dị njọ. eriri perineum[1][6][7] A na-ejikọkwa mmebi perineal na mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu. Mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu[8] Ọ bụghị mmerụ ahụ niile ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ n'oge ịmụ nwa na-eme ka ọrụ mmekọahụ belata, mana ụdị ụfọdụ nke mmerụ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na ohere dị ukwuu nke nsogbu mmekọahụ.[9] Ụmụ nwanyị nwere agbaji afọ anaghị enwe ike ịmaliteghachi inwe mmekọahụ mgbe ọnwa isii na otu afọ gasịrị, mana ha nwere ọrụ mmekọahụ dị mma mgbe ọnwa 18 gasịrị.[10][11][12]

Nkwado inye nwa site n'iji ịmịkọrọ ma ọ bụ forceps na-emetụta mmụba nke ugboro ma ọ bụ ịdị njọ nke mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu, igbu oge ịmaliteghachi mmekọahụ, na nsogbu mmekọahụ. ike ịdọrọ[8][13] Akụkụ ịwa ahụ nwere ike ịkpata mmekọahụ na-adịchaghị mgbu n'ime ọnwa 3 mbụ, ọ nweghịkwa ọdịiche na ọrụ mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ mgbaàmà site na ọnwa isii. Akụkụ nke ịwa ahụ[14][15][13][14][15][16] Ọzọkwa, ụmụ nwanyị ndị a mụrụ site na ngalaba ịwa ahụ na-akọ afọ ojuju mmekọahụ ka ukwuu metụtara ụda nke akụkụ ahụ nwanyị afọ isii gara aga.[17]

Ogologo oge tupu ịmaliteghachi inwe mmekọahụ

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Ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta na-atụ aro ichere izu anọ ruo isii tupu ịmaliteghachi inwe mmekọahụ, iji kwe ka akpa nwa mechie, ọbara ọgbụgba (nke a maara dị ka lochia) kwụsị, na anya mmiri gwọọ. lochia[18]

Nnyocha e mere n'ụmụ nwanyị na Turkey chọpụtara na pasent ịrị anọ ná abụọ maliteghachiri inwe mmekọahụ n'ime izu isii ha mụrụ nwa. Turkey[19] Nnyocha ndị America na ndị Britain chọpụtara na n'izu isii, 57% nke ụmụ nwanyị amaliteghachila inwe mmekọahụ, 82-85% nwere site na ọnwa atọ, na 89-90% nwere site na sanza isii.[20][7][20][10][15][20] Nnyocha ọzọ nke America chọpụtara na masturbation (Pasent ịrị asaa na anọ ) na mmekọahụ ọnụ (Pasent ịrị ịse na asatọ ) malitere ọtụtụ ugboro n'ime izu isii karịa ịbanye n'ahụ nwanyị (pasent iri atọ na anọ ).[21] Abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Uganda maliteghachiri inwe mmekọahụ n'ime ọnwa isii nke ịmụ nwa, n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị China Pasent ịrị asaa na abụo amaliteghachila inwe mmekọahụ site na ọnwa abụọ na pasent ịrị itoolu na ise nwere site na ọnwa isii.[22][16]

Nsogbu mmekọahụ

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Ihe dị ka ọkara ndị ikom na ndị inyom jụrụ ajụjụ ọnwa asatọ mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa n'otu nnyocha ndị Britain kọwara ndụ mmekọahụ ha dị ka 'ndị ogbenye' ma ọ bụ 'ọ bụghị ezigbo mma', ọ bụ ezie na onye ọzọ chọpụtara na Pasent ịrị asaa nke ụmụ nwanyị Britain na pasent nke ụmụ nwanyị Taiwan nwere afọ ojuju na ndụ mmekọahụ ha n'oge ha amụrụ.[23][24] Ọnwa isii mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ụmụ nwanyị America kwuru na ha nwere mmetụta mmekọahụ dị ala, afọ ojuju, na ikike iru orgasm, na Pasent ịrị abụọ na abụọ kwuru na mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu. Ihe karịrị Pasent ịrị asatọ nke ụmụ nwanyị Britain nwere nsogbu mmekọahụ ọnwa atọ mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ na ọnwa isii, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkwa atọ

Pasent ịrị ato na asatọ tupu afọ ime.[15] N'ime ụmụ nwanyị Uganda ndị maliteghachiri inwe mmekọahụ n'ime ọnwa isii ha mụrụ nwa, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nwere ihe mgbu n'ahụ nwanyị ma ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nwere ọbara ọpụpụ ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba.[22]

Ihe ize ndụ nke nsogbu mmekọahụ mgbe amuchara nwa na-abawanye na ndị nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nsogbu mmekọahụ tupu ime ime.[25]

Mbelata agụụ mmekọahụ

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Ịmụọ nwa n'ime afọ gara aga na-ejikọta ya na ọchịchọ mmekọahụ dị ala.[26] Ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị nne mbụ na-akọ na ha enweghị agụụ mmekọahụ na ọnwa asatọ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị otú n'ime asaá nke ndị nne nwere ahụmahụ nwere agụụ mmekọahụ. agụụ mmekọahụ[23] Ụmụ nwanyị na-enwekarị ọdịdị ahụ dị njọ mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa.[4][27] Ụmụ nwanyị na-enwekarị obi erughị ala na mgbanwe anụ ahụ ha mgbe amuchara, na-achọkarị ihi ụra ma ọ bụ inwe oge maka onwe ha, nke na-eduga n'ịgbanwe usoro mmekọahụ. Enweghị nkwekọrịta nke agụụ mmekọahụ na onye òtù ọlụlụ ha na-adịkarị.[4][24] Ihe ọzọ nwere ike ịkpata obere agụụ mmekọahụ bụ ịda mbà n'obi mgbe amuchara; ụmụ nwanyị dara mbà n"obi nwere ike ọ gaghị amaliteghachi inwe mmekọahụ mgbe ha dị ọnwa isii ma nwee ike ịkọ nsogbu ahụike mmekọahụ. ịda mbà n'obi mgbe amuchara nwa[28] Ọzọkwa, ndị nwere mmerụ ahụ n'oge ime nwere ike ịkọ mbelata agụụ mmekọahụ.[25]

Ihe ize ndụ

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mmiri na-egbu egbu, mgbe ikuku na-abanye n'ọbara, nwere ike ime n'ihi mmekọahụ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe amuchara nwa tupu àkwà placental gwọọ, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na a na-agbanye ikpere nwanyị ahụ n'obi ya, mana nke a anaghị adịkebe. air embolism placental[29][30] Nsogbu ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị nke inwe mmekọahụ n'oge mgbe afọ ime gasịrị bụ anya mmiri na-egbu egbu na ọrịa nke akpa nwa.[30]

Ọzọkwa, ịmaliteghachi mmekọahụ n'oge mgbe amuchara nwa nwere ike ime ka ndị ọrịa nwee ihe ize ndụ ndị metụtara ime ime ime dị mkpirikpi.[31] Ndị ọrịa tụụrụ ime n'ime ọnwa irí otú na asatọ site na ịmụ nwa ikpeazụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu nke nsonaazụ ime ime ime.[31] Iji gbochie ihe ize ndụ ndị dị otú ahụ metụtara ime ime ime dị mkpirikpi, a na-enye mgbochi afọ ime mgbe amuchara.[31][32]

Ọgwụgwọ

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Naanị pasent ịrị otú na ịse nke ụmụ nwanyị London nwere nsogbu mmekọahụ mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa kọrọ na ha na onye ọrụ ahụike kwurịtara ya.[15] N'ụzọ dị iche, 59.4% nke ụmụ nwanyị Uganda ndị maliteghachiri inwe mmekọahụ ma nwee nsogbu mmekọahụ chọrọ enyemaka ahụike.[22] Ime mmega ahụ n'ala pelvic yiri ka ọ na-eme ka ọrụ mmekọahụ dịkwuo mma, a pụkwara ibelata mmekọahụ na-egbu mgbu na ịcha ahụ site na iji ọnọdụ mmekọahụ dị iche iche na mmanụ dị iche iche. Mmega ahụ n'ala pelvic[17][18] pasent ịrị asatọ na atọ nke ndị Britain na pasent ịrị íshí nke ndị inyom Taiwan chere na ha nwere ozi zuru ezu banyere mmekọahụ n'oge a mụsịrị nwa.[24]

Ihe atụ nke Implant (Implanon)

A na-enyekarị ihe mgbochi afọ ime ozugbo amuchara.[32] Nke a bụ iji gbochie ime ime a na-ebughị n'obi ma belata ihe ize ndụ nke ite ime na ime ime dị mkpirikpi, nke nwere ike ịbawanye ihe ize ndụ maka ịmụ nwa na nsogbu nwa ọhụrụ.[32]

N'ime ọtụtụ usoro mgbochi afọ ime a na-agbanwe agbanwe, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) bụ nke kachasị dị irè na nkwenye ka ukwuu site n'aka ndị ọrịa. Dọkịta nwere ike itinye ya n'ụzọ dị mfe n'oge dị mkpirikpi, ọ dịghịkwa usoro mmezi ọzọ achọrọ.[32]

Ihe atụ nke IUD (Mirena)

Enwere ike ịkewa LARC n'ime ụdị abụọ dị iche iche: Implant na Intrauterine device (IUD). Implant bụ obere osisi nwere hormone progestin. A na-etinye ya n'aka elu ma nwee ike ịdị irè ruo afọ 3 ma ọ bụ karịa.[33] Enweghị ihe ize ndụ dị ịrịba ama na-ejikọta ya na ojiji nke implants n'oge postpartum, ma e wezụga mmetụta ya na inye ara. A na-eche na progesterone a tọhapụrụ site na ihe ndị a na-etinye n'ime ya iji belata mmepụta mmiri ara, mana mmetụta dị otú ahụ nke exogenous progesterone n'oge oge postpartum ka ga-egosi.[32] IUD bụ ngwaọrụ a na-etinye n'ime akpa nwa. IUD itinye n'oge postpartum anaghị ebu nnukwu ihe ize ndụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa ahụ enweghị ọrịa ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba n'oge a na-amụ nwa.[32] Ụdị abụọ a na-ahụkarị nke IUD bụ IUD ọla kọpa na Levonorgestrel (LNG) IUD. LNG IUD na-arụ ọrụ site na ịhapụ hormone progestin, ebe IUD ọla anaghị etinye hormone na mmetụta ya.[32][33] Dị ka LNG IUD na-agụnye hormone progesterone, ọ na-ebu ihe ize ndụ nke ibelata inye ara, dị ka ihe ndị a na-etinye n'ime ya.[32]

Ihe ọzọ a ga-eme iji gbochie afọ ime mgbe amuchara bụ depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), nke a makwaara dị ka Depo Provera. Ọ bụ ọgwụ progestin nke na-egbochi ovulation ma na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ akpa nwa sie ike. A ga-enye ya ozugbo amuchara nwa.[34] Otú ọ dị, a ghaghị ịmegharị égbè ahụ kwa izu iri na abụọ.[31] Ọzọkwa, a na-atụ aro ihe mgbochi ime n'ime ụbọchị 7 mbụ nke ojiji ya ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa amalitela iji ya mgbe ụbọchị ịrị abụo na otú gasịrị site na ịmụ nwa ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ ma onye ọrịa ahụ maliteghachiri usoro ịhụ nsọ.[34]

Mmekọahụ mgbe ite ime gasịrị dị mma dịka National Health Service si kwuo. ite ime National Health Service[35]

Hụkwa

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Ihe odide

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Àtụ:Pregnancy

Àtụ:Reproductive health

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Jones (2011-04-19). "Sex in pregnancy". Canadian Medical Association Journal 183 (7): 815–818. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.091580. ISSN 0820-3946. PMID 21282311. 
  2. ↑ Optimizing Postpartum Care (en). www.acog.org. Archived from the original on 2023-01-17. Retrieved on 2023-01-18.
  3. ↑ Pastore (2007). "Postpartum sexuality concerns among first-time parents from one U.S. academic hospital". J Sex Med 4 (1): 115–23. DOI:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00379.x. PMID 17087807. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Olsson (2005). "Women's thoughts about sexual life after childbirth: focus group discussions with women after childbirth". Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 19 (4): 381–7. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00357.x. PMID 16324063. 
  5. ↑ Wenzel (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Perinatal Psychology. Oxford University Press, 231–251. ISBN 9780199984336. 
  6. ↑ Williams (2007). "The prevalence of enduring postnatal perineal morbidity and its relationship to perineal trauma". Midwifery 23 (4): 392–403. DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2005.12.006. PMID 17196714. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Rogers (2009). "Does spontaneous genital tract trauma impact postpartum sexual function?". J Midwifery Women's Health 54 (2): 98–103. DOI:10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.09.001. PMID 19249654. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Signorello (2001). "Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study of primiparous women". Am J Obstet Gynecol 184 (5): 881–8. DOI:10.1067/mob.2001.113855. PMID 11303195. 
  9. ↑ Prevention and Management of Obstetric Lacerations at Vaginal Delivery (en). www.acog.org. Archived from the original on 2023-01-17. Retrieved on 2023-01-18.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 (2008) "Sexual Function 6 Months After First Delivery". Obstet Gynecol 111 (5): 1040–4. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e318169cdee. PMID 18448733. 
  11. ↑ van Brummen (2006). "Which factors determine the sexual function 1 year after childbirth?". BJOG 113 (8): 914–8. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01017.x. PMID 16907937. 
  12. ↑ Otero (2006). "Women's health 18 years after rupture of the anal sphincter during childbirth: II. Urinary incontinence, sexual function, and physical and mental health". Am J Obstet Gynecol 194 (5): 1260–5. DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2005.10.796. PMID 16579926. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Hicks (2004). "Postpartum sexual functioning and method of delivery: summary of the evidence". J Midwifery Women's Health 49 (5): 430–6. DOI:10.1016/j.jmwh.2004.04.007. PMID 15351333. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Barrett (2005). "Cesarean section and postnatal sexual health". Birth 32 (4): 306–11. DOI:10.1111/j.0730-7659.2005.00388.x. PMID 16336372. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 Barrett (2000). "Women's sexual health after childbirth". BJOG 107 (2): 186–95. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11689.x. PMID 10688502. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Wang (2003). "Impact of Delivery Types on Women's Postpartum Sexual Health". Reproduction & Contraception 14 (4): 237–242. Retrieved on 2009-08-07. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Dean (2008). "Sexual function, delivery mode history, pelvic floor muscle exercises and incontinence: a cross-sectional study six years post-partum". Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 48 (3): 302–11. DOI:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2008.00854.x. PMID 18532963. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Sex after pregnancy: Let your body set the pace. Mayo Clinic (30 May 2008). Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. Retrieved on 2009-08-07.
  19. ↑ Geçkil (2009). "Traditional postpartum practices of women and infants and the factors influencing such practices in South Eastern Turkey". Midwifery 25 (1): 62–71. DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2006.12.007. PMID 17335945. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Connolly (2005). "Effects of pregnancy and childbirth on postpartum sexual function: a longitudinal prospective study". International Urogynecology Journal 16 (4): 263–7. DOI:10.1007/s00192-005-1293-6. ISSN 1433-3023. PMID 15838587. 
  21. ↑ van Anders (August 2013). "Exploring Co‐Parent Experiences of Sexuality in the First 3 Months after Birth" (in en). The Journal of Sexual Medicine 10 (8): 1988–1999. DOI:10.1111/jsm.12194. PMID 23911123. Retrieved on 2023-02-02. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Odar (2003). "Sexual practices of women within six months of childbirth in Mulago hospital, Uganda". Afr Health Sci 3 (3): 117–23. PMID 14676716. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Dixon (2000). "Sex and relationships following childbirth: a first report from general practice of 131 couples". British Journal of General Practice 50 (452): 223–4. PMID 10750236. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Huang (2006). "A comparison of sexual satisfaction and post-natal depression in the UK and Taiwan". International Nursing Review 53 (3): 197–204. DOI:10.1111/j.1466-7657.2006.00459.x. PMID 16879182. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology (July 2019). "Female Sexual Dysfunction: ACOG Practice Bulletin Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Number 213". Obstetrics and Gynecology 134 (1): e1–e18. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003324. ISSN 1873-233X. PMID 31241598. Retrieved on 2023-01-19. 
  26. ↑ Mitchell (2009). "Prevalence of Low Sexual Desire among Women in Britain: Associated Factors". J Sex Med 6 (9): 2434–44. DOI:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01368.x. PMID 19549088. 
  27. ↑ Pauls (2008). "Effects of pregnancy on female sexual function and body image: a prospective study". J Sex Med 5 (8): 1915–22. DOI:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00884.x. PMID 18547388. 
  28. ↑ Morof (2003). "Postnatal depression and sexual health after childbirth". Obstet Gynecol 102 (6): 1318–25. DOI:10.1016/j.obstetgynecol.2003.08.020. PMID 14662221. 
  29. ↑ Batman (1998). "Death due to air embolism during sexual intercourse in the puerperium". Postgrad Med J 74 (876): 612–3. DOI:10.1136/pgmj.74.876.612. PMID 10211360. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Gilbert. "Deaths Linked to Sex After Childbirth", New York Times, 6 October 1998. Retrieved on 2009-08-06.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 Interpregnancy Care (en). www.acog.org. Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved on 2023-01-26.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.7 Immediate Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (en). www.acog.org. Archived from the original on 2023-01-18. Retrieved on 2023-01-18.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Contraception | CDC (en-us). www.cdc.gov (2022-11-01). Archived from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved on 2023-01-18.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 CDC - Injectables - US SPR - Reproductive Health (en-us). www.cdc.gov (2021-05-20). Archived from the original on 2023-01-26. Retrieved on 2023-01-26.
  35. ↑ When is it safe to have sex after an abortion? (en). nhs.uk (27 June 2018). Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved on 26 July 2021.
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