Mmiri na-abanye n'ime mmiri
Mmiri ikuku (VI) bụ usoro nke kemịkal dị n'ala ma ọ bụ mmiri dị n'okpuru ala - ọkachasị Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - na-akwaga na ikuku dị n'ime ụlọ n'elu ebe emetọ.
Nkọwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke United States na-akọwa intrusion nke ikuku dị ka "ịkwaga nke kemịkal na-agbaze agbaze site na mmetọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ala emetọ n'ime ụlọ dị n'elu". Chemicals nwere ike ịbụ nke dị iche iche gụnyere volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ụfọdụ semi-volatile organic compound (SVOCs) na inorganic chemicals, dị ka elemental mercury, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), na-apụta na radon, na hydrogen sulfide.[1]
Nchegbu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'ụzọ kachasị njọ, ikuku ikuku nwere ike ịbụ ihe ize ndụ nchekwa, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ihe na-ere ọkụ na-etinye aka n'ụdị mgbawa. Mmiri na-egbu egbu nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ahụike, ma ọ bụ nke siri ike dị ka nsogbu CNS dị ka isi ọwụwa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ọnọdụ uche, ha nwekwara ike inwe mmetụta ahụike na-adịghị ala ala, dịka radon, nke nwere ike ịkpalite ọrịa kansa akpa ume. N'ikpeazụ, anwụrụ ọkụ nwere ike ịbụ "nsogbu mara mma" siri ike, dịka, ísì sitere na hydrogen sulfide.[1]
Na United States, a na-edozi ntinye nke uzuoku na steeti ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu n'ụzọ dị iche iche..
Ngalaba Ahụike nke New York wepụtara ntụziaka na-emeghe ụzọ na intrusion nke ikuku n'afọ 2006.[2]
Na June 2010, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM International) wepụtara azụmahịa "Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions" (ASTM E 260010).[3]
N'afọ 2002, US EPA nyere ntuziaka mbụ ya na isiokwu ahụ.[4] Nchịkwa George W. Bush kwụsịrị ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 2003, ọ bụkwa naanị n'afọ 2013 ka onye Obama họpụtara dị ka onye enyemaka nchịkwa EPA na Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe kachasị mkpa iji mezue akwụkwọ ahụ. Na June 11, 2015, EPA wepụtara ntụzịaka nka nka na vapor intrusion ikpeazụ ya, yana ntuziaka nka maka ị na-agwa okwu ntinye vapor Petroleum na saịtị ebe nchekwa nchekwa dị n'okpuru ala. Ntuziaka abụghị ụkpụrụ ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ, kama ọ bụ nduzi.[5]
Hụkwa Ihe Ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Superfund maka ndepụta nke Ebe Ọrụ Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi Superfund
- Trichloroethylene (TCE) maka mkparịta ụka banyere kemịkalụ ahụ
- Steam Intrusion (DTSC)
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- 1 2 "What is Vapor Intrusion?". US EPA. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
- ↑ Guidance for Evaluating Soil Vapor Intrusion in the State of New York Final Soil Vapor Intrusion Guidance, 92pp, October 2006.
- ↑ "ASTM E2600-10 Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions". ASTM International. 1 June 2010.
- ↑ "OSWER Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils (Subsurface Vapor Intrusion Guidance)". Environmental Protection Agency. 2002-11-29. Archived from the original on 2006-10-02. Retrieved 2023-04-20.
- ↑ "OSWER Technical Guide for Assessing and Mitigating the Vapor Intrusion Pathway from Subsurface Vapor Sources to Indoor Air". US EPA. 11 June 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.