Mmiri na-asa ahụ

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ
Mmiri jelly

Ncha ịsa ahụ (nke a na-akpọkwa mmanụ ịsa ahụ ma ọ bụ mmiri ịsa ahụ) bụ ncha pụrụ iche a na-eji eme ka ahụ dị ọcha n'oge a na-asa ahụ. I ji hapụ inwe mgbagwoju anya ya na ncha mmiri, ncha ịsa ahụ, n'ezie, enweghị mmanụ saponified. Kama nke ahụ, ọ na-eji ihe nhicha aka nke sitere na mmanụ ala ma ọ bụ isi ihe ọkụkụ.

Mmanụ Ịsa ahụ na ncha ịsa ahụ nwere pH dị ala karịa ncha ọdịnala, nke a makwaara na ọ naghị akọrọ akpụkpọ ahụ. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-agbakwunye sodium stearate na ngwakọta kemịkal iji mepụta ụdị siri ike nke ncha ịsa ahụ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ncha ịsa ahụ bụ ihe e mepụtara na ncha mmiri, nke pụtara n'afọ 1800s. N'afọ 1865, William Shepphard wepụtara usoro dị n'azụ ncha mmiri, mana ngwaahịa ahụ nwetara ihe iwu ewu na ịrị elu nke ncha Palmolive n'afọ 1898, site na BJ Johnson.[1][2]

Chemistry nke oge a mechara mee ka e nwee ike ịmepụta ncha ịsa ahụ, nke na-ahụ maka ịsa ahụ dum n'oge ịsa ahụ na ịsa ahụ. 

Ihe onwunwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A maara ncha ịsa ahụ dị ka otu ihe ndị dị ka ncha - mmiri, betaines, na sodium laureth sulfate, ma ọ bụ SLS. Mana isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ngwaahịa abụọ ahụ dị na surfactants ya - ihe ndị a maara na ha na-ebelata nrụgide elu n'etiti ihe, nke na-enyere aka na emulsification na ịsacha unyi mmanụ. Surfactants nke ncha ịsa ahụ anaghị esi na saponification, ya bụ site na imeghachi ụdị mmanụ ma ọ bụ abụba na lye. Kama nke ahụ, ọ na-eji ihe nhicha aka maka ihe ndị na-eme n'elu mmiri sitere na isi ihe ma ọ bụ mmanụ ala. Nke a na-enye ngwaahịa pH dị ala karịa ncha ma nwee ike ịnwe mmetụta dị ala na akpụkpọ ahụ. [3][4]Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ ejirila mmetụta ahụ tụnyere mmetụta dị ka ọ dị obere, Otú ọ dị.[5]

Surfactants nwere ike ime ihe ruru pasentị 50 nke ihe dị na ncha ịsa ahụ, ebe ihe fọdụrụnụ bụ ngwakọta mmiri na ihe ndị mejupụtara ya iji sie ike, chekwaa, emulsify, gbakwunye ísì ụtọ, na agba. [6][7]A na-ejikarị ọtụtụ surfactants eme ihe iji nweta àgwà ngwaahịa achọrọ. Surfactant bụ isi nwere ike inye ezigbo ikike ụfụfụ na ịdị irè nke ihicha, ebe surfactant nke abụọ nwere ike itinye àgwà nke ịdị nro iji gbochie iwe ma ọ bụ ịcha akpụkpọ ahụ. Iji gbochie ihe ndị na-emepụta gel ịsa ahụ ikewapụ, a na-agbakwunye emulsifiers dịka diethanolamine. [8]A pụkwara itinye ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ iji mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị mmiri n'oge na mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe. [9]A na-enwetakwa ha na agba na ísì dị iche iche. [10]Ihe ndị a na-etinye n'ime mmiri, dị ka ísì ụtọ n'ụdị mmanụ dị mkpa ma ọ bụ mmanụ na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe na-acha odo odo n'ụdị ihe na-agbaze mmiri bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ncha ịsa ahụ.[6][9]

A na-ejikarị Microbeads eme ihe na ncha ịsa ahụ ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Microbeads bụ obere nke plastik dị okirikiri nke agbakwunyere na ngwaahịa ntecha dịgasị iche iche maka àgwà ha na-ewepụ akpụkpọ ahụ. [11]Ha pere mpe nke ukwuu iji nyochaa usoro mmiri ma mechie n'ụzọ mmiri na oké osimiri, nke nwere ike ịnyefe nsí na ndụ anụmanụ na ụmụ mmadụ. [12]N'ịgbaso usoro iwu nke mba ndị ọzọ, United States weputara Microbead-Free Waters Act na 2015, nke machibidoro microbeads na mba US site n'ụzọ na-aga n'ihu malite n'afọ 2017, na mmejuputa zuru ezu maka n'afọ 2019. [13]A machibidoro ya iwu imepụta ya na iji ya mee ihe ntecha na mba US kemgbe Julaị 1, 2017. Na mba UK - kemgbe Ọktoba 1, 2018.

Ncha ịsa ahụ maka ụmụnwoke nwere ike ịnwe menthol, nke na-enye ume oyi na mmetụta na-akpali akpali na akpụkpọ ahụ, a na-emekwa gels ịsa ahụ́ ụfọdụ maka iji ya na ntutu na ahụ. Ncha nke ịsa ahụ nwere ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị nro karịa ncha mmiri, ụfọdụ nwekwara ihe na-edozi ahụ n'ụzọ dị nro na usoro ahụ. Nke a pụtara na ncha ịsa ahụ nwekwara ike okpukpu abụọ dị ka ihe dị irè na nke a na-anabata nke ọma na ncha mmiri, ọbụlagodi na a naghị akpọ ha ntutu na ịsa ahụ. Ịsa ntutu na gel ịsa ahụ kwesịrị inye ihe dịka iji ncha mmiri na-eme ka mmiri.

Ahịa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Dị ka ncha mmiri na ngwaahịa ịsa ahụ, a na-ere ọtụtụ n'ime ha kpọmkwem maka ụmụaka. Ihe ndị a na-egosipụtakarị ísì ndị e mere iji mee ka ụmụaka nwee mmasị, dị ka ísì mkpụrụ osisi, ma ọ bụ kuki ma ọ bụ ísì owu. Ọtụtụ karama nwere ndị ama ama na telivishọn ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ụmụaka. Dị ka ọ dị na ịsa ahụ ụmụnwoke, a na-emekarị ha kpọmkwem ka e jiri ha mee ihe dị ka ncha mmiri na ncha ndezi isi. Ha na-enwekarị ihe ndị dị nro maka akpụkpọ ahụ.

Ebensidee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ On This Day – August 22 : The first patent for liquid soap was issued to William Sheppard on this day in 1865- Learn Chemistry (en). www.rsc.org. Retrieved on 2018-08-01.
  2. ↑ "The Cleanest Inventions: Soaps and Detergents", ThoughtCo. Retrieved on 2018-08-01.
  3. ↑ Pai (November 23, 2016). Please Help Me Understand Why You Still Use Bar Soap. Glamour. Retrieved on July 25, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Try these 11 expert tips for a better shower; your skin will thank you", NBC News. Retrieved on 2018-08-01. (in en-US)
  5. ↑ Why you shouldn't *actually* want to be squeaky-clean after a shower (en). Well+Good. Retrieved on 2018-08-01.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hornsey (2014). How to Make Your Own Soap. London, England: Constable & Robinson, 24, 198. ISBN 9781908974235. 
  7. ↑ Flick (1992). Cosmetic and Toiletry Formulations, Second Edition, Volume 2. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Publications. ISBN 0815513062. 
  8. ↑ Boyd (4 August 2014). EXAMINE THE CHEMISTRY OF BODY WASH. www.chemservice.com. Retrieved on 2018-10-21.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cosmetic Formulations – Body Wash – Chemists Corner (en-US). chemistscorner.com. Retrieved on 2018-10-21.
  10. ↑ Guarnieri (January 6, 2014). Bar soap vs. shower gel: A brief look at the history of how we bathe. Fashion. Retrieved on July 25, 2018.
  11. ↑ DeWeerdt. Tiny biodegradable spheres could replace plastic microbeads (en-US). Retrieved on 2019-06-28.
  12. ↑ Han (2016-08-16). Microbeads are leaching toxic chemicals into fish, sparking public health fears (en). The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 2019-06-28.
  13. ↑ Bailey Bischoff Staff (18 April 2018). "How the world made macro strides in curbing microbeads.". Christian Science Monitor. 

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Akụkọ ihe méré eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Gel ịsa ahụ bụ ihe e mepụtara ná ncha mmịrị, nkè pụtara na afọ 1800s.

Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mmiri_na-asa_ahụ&oldid=135143