Mycoforestry
| obere ụdị nke | agroforestry  |
|---|---|
| Akụkụ nke | forest management |
Mycoforestry bụ usoro nchịkwa ọhịa nke etinyere iji melite usoro okike ọhịa na obodo osisi site na iwebata mycorrhizal na saprotrophic fungi. A na-ewere Mycoforestry dị ka ụdị permaculture[1] ma nwee ike itinye ya n'ọrụ dị ka akụkụ bara uru nke usoro agroforestry. Mycoforestry nwere ike ịkwalite ihe ọkụkụ osisi ma mepụta mushrooms a na-eri eri, ihe bara uru na akụ na ụba. Site na ijikọta njikọ osisi-fungal n'ime usoro nchịkwa ọhịa, enwere ike ichekwa ọhịa, enwere enwere ike ịmegharị ihe mkpofu osisi n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi, enwere ike ịbawanye njide carbon, a na-eme ka ebe nrụzigharị a kụrụ akụ dịkwuo mma, a na mmeziwanye nkwado nke gburugburu ebe obibi ọhịa.[2][3] Mycoforestry bụ ihe ọzọ na-eme na mkpocha, nke na-ewepụ osisi nwụrụ anwụ n'oké ọhịa, si otú a na-ebelata nnweta ihe oriri ma na-ebepụ omimi ala.[4]
Nhọrọ nke ụdị fungal
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Dị ka Paul Stamets si kwuo, ụkpụrụ mbụ maka ịmepụta usoro mycoforestry bụ iji ụdị fungal nke ala. Itinye usoro nke osisi mycoforestry na-enye ikike nke imeziwanye mbọ mweghachi na ohere nke uru akụ na ụba site na ịkụ ero na iwe ihe ubi. Otú ọ dị, iji jiri ahịhịa fungal eme ihe, nke mbụ, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụdị fungal dị ugbu a na mkpụrụ osisi uto, na ebe obibi kwesịrị ka a mụọ ya.
Ụzọ dị mfe iji webata usoro mycoforestry ma bulie ihe ọkụkụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ bụ "iji mycorrhizal spore inoculum mgbe ị na-akụ ala ọhịa ọzọ".[2] Maka usoro a, ọ kachasị mma iji jikọta osisi ndị a mụrụ na mycorrhizal fungi. Usoro a na-echekwa ma ga-akwalite ọrụ nke usoro okike, na ụdị dị iche iche nke ihe ndị dị ndụ.
A na-eche na n'ime usoro okike na-arụ ọrụ na netwọk mycelial dị n'okpuru ala na-adịgide ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ihe na-amị mkpụrụ a na-ahụ anya.[5] Oge nke anwụrụ ọkụ na-apụ n'anya n'ebe ekwesịghị ịkpata egwu. Iji mee ka e nwee ihe na-amị mkpụrụ, ọtụtụ ụdị fungal chọrọ ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ụfọdụ. Ọtụtụ ụdị fungus anaghị amị mkpụrụ n'afọ niile.
Mycoforestry bụ ngalaba sayensị na-apụta na omume.[2] Ruo mgbe e mepụtara ma mezue usoro iwu zuru oke, nchịkọta nke ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ugbu a na nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ga-eme ka ihe ịga nke ọma nke ọrụ ahụ dịkwuo mma.[2] Ya mere, nyocha nke mmekọrịta fungal na saịtị ahụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ kachasị mma na nke na-adịghị mma bara uru maka mmejuputa usoro mycoforestry.
Fungi Saprotrophic
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ụkpụrụ nke abụọ bụ ịkwalite saprotrophic fungi na gburugburu ebe obibi.[2] Saprophytic fungi dị oke mkpa maka usoro mycoforestry n'ihi na ndị a bụ ndị isi na-emepụta osisi ma na-eweghachi ihe oriri n'ala maka iji ya mee ihe n'ime ọhịa ndị ọzọ. Enwere ike ime nke a site na itinye ihe mkpofu osisi n'ebe ahụ. Enwere ike iji mmanụ spore [jargon] mee ihe na chainsaws mgbe osisi siri ike ma ọ bụ nke na-awakpo chọrọ igbu osisi. Usoro a bụ ụzọ dị mfe iji tinye ọgwụ n'osisi. Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ike itinye plug spawn ma tinye ya n'ime osisi ọzọ na-akpali mmeri site na fungus ahọpụtara. N'ikpeazụ, mgbalị ndị a na-eme ugboro ugboro ekwesịghị ịdị mkpa n'ihi na ọtụtụ ụdị ndụ fungal siri ike ma ga-agbasa ma na-adịgide n'ala n'onwe ha.[5]
Na njikwa nke usoro mycoforestry, ọ dị mkpa ka osisi nwụrụ anwụ metụta ala. Nke a na-enye ohere ka fungus si n'ala ruo ma mebie osisi dara ada na-ewepụta ihe oriri ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụrụ na a hapụrụ osisi ahụ.[2] Tụkwasị na nke a, ọ dị mkpa ịhapụ osisi nwụrụ anwụ n'ebe ahụ maka ire ure n'ime ala.[2] Echiche a dabere n'otu aka ahụ n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na igbu osisi n'ụzọ doro anya na-ebelata ihe oriri na ọkpụrụkpụ ala.[4]
Mmekọrịta fungal bara uru
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Isi nke atọ bụ itinye n'ọrụ ụdị ndị a maara na ha na-abara ụdị osisi uru.[2] Ndị a na-abụkarị mycorrhizal fungus nke na-ejikọta ogologo oge na osisi, na-agbasakarị n'ime mgbọrọgwụ osisi, na'arụ ọrụ dị ka usoro mgbọrọgwụ ọzọ, ma na-enye maka ịmịkọrọ ihe na-edozi ahụ na mmiri.
Iji ụdị ero na-adọta ụmụ ahụhụ nwere ike ịbụ ebe bara uru nke nri azụ. Omume a na-eme ka mycoforestry bụrụ usoro buru ibu. N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ usoro ọrụ ugbo ọ na-enyere gburugburu ebe obibi aka n'ọtụtụ ụzọ. Ọ na-ejikọta akụkụ niile dị ndụ nke gburugburu ebe obibi ọnụ, na-ekepụta ndụ na mmepụta nri na-adịgide adịgide yana ịkụ azụ na-adịgide adịgide dị ka Hawaiian Ahupua'a oge ochie, bụ nke jiri akụkụ nile nke ala na-adigide maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na nri.
Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike itinye ụdị fungal nke na-asọ mpi ọrịa na-akpata ọrịa dị ka Armillaria root rots,[2] iji nye nchebe ogologo oge maka usoro ọhịa.
Tụkwasị na nke a, mmejuputa usoro agroforestry na-eme mycoremediation na mycofiltration, na-ehichapụ nsí ma na-eweghachi gburugburu ebe obibi.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Trees portal
- Mgbapụta
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Friedman, Zev. Digging In. New Life Journal. 1 May 2009.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Stamets (2005). Mycelium running: how mushrooms can help save the world. Ten Speed Press. ISBN 1-58008-579-2. “mycoforestry.” Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "stamets" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Thomas (2023-03-21). "Edible fungi crops through mycoforestry, potential for carbon negative food production and mitigation of food and forestry conflicts" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120 (12): e2220079120. DOI:10.1073/pnas.2220079120. ISSN 0027-8424.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dahlgren, R. A.; Driscoll, C. T. The effects of whole-tree clear-cutting on soil processes at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. Plant and Soil. Volume 158, Number 2 / January 1994.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Frankland, Juliet C. All you ever wanted to know about Mycelium. NWFG Newsletter. April 1997. (ISSN 1465-8054) Print.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Fungi na Sustainability. Magazin Fungi Oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2008.
- Stamets, Paul. Mycotechnology. Fungi Perfecti