Na-efe efe nke anụ ahụ agụụ perperal

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ

Na-efe efe nke anụ ahụ agụụ perperal bụ edemede nke Oliver Wendell Holmes dere nke pụtara na ha sitere n'aka Onye na mbụ na The New England Quarterly Journal of Medicine na 1843. E mechara bipụtaghachi ya na "Medical Essays" n'afọ 1855.[1] A gụnyere ya dị ka Mpịakọta 38, Akụkụ nke 5 nke usoro Harvard Classics.[2]

Nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ihe na-erughị okwu 12,000, Holmes na-arụ ụka n'ụzọ siri ike na nke doro anya na ọrịa na-egbu ụmụ nwanyị n'ime ụbọchị ole na ole nke ịmụ nwa sitere n'aka Onye Okike nke eluigwe na ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ogbi ozi ọma alaeze ahụ n'ebe na ọrịa nke ndị na-elekọta ha na-agbasa. O dekwara omume ndị e chepụtara nke ọma ma dị mfe iji mee ihe nke nwere ike igbochi mgbasa nke ọrịa.[3]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Holmes zụlitere mmasị na puerperal fever site na mberede. N'afọ 1836, Holmes gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Harvard Medical School. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ nke Anatomy na Physiology na Dartmouth College site na 1838 ruo 1840. N'afọ 1840, Holmes laghachiri Boston, malite ọrụ n'ozuzu, wee sonye na Boston Society for Medical Improvement. N'otu n'ime nzukọ nke Society, e gosipụtara akụkọ banyere dọkịta nke méré na ùwà há nke ụwa họrọ ọrụ ụzọ ndị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ ọrụ ụzọ ámá ọrụ nkụzi nyocha post-mortem nke nwanyị nwụrụ site na puerperal fever. N'ime otu izu dọkịta ahụ n'onwe ya nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa, o yiri ka ọ butere ọrịa mgbe ọ merụrụ ahụ n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge kwesịrị dị ka onye na eso ụzọ ndị mmadụ n'ihe banyere ụkpụrụ nke ụwa na etolite ọnụego nyocha ozu o mere n'ahụ nwanyị ahụ nwụrụ anwụ. Akụkọ ahụ kwuru na n'oge oge dị n'etiti mgbe dọkịta ahụ nwetara ọnyá ahụ wee nwụọ site na ya, ụmụ nwanyị niile ọ gara n'oge ịmụ nwa butere ọrịa puerperal fever. Akụkọ a yiri ka o mere ka Holmes kwenye na[4]

"Ọrịa ahụ, nke a maara dị ka Puerperal Fever, na-efe efe nke na ndị dọkịta na ndị nọọsụ na-ebugharị ya ugboro ugboro site na onye ọrịa gaa na onye ọrịa. "[5]

Ọgwụgwụ nke edemede ahụ gụnyere nzọụkwụ asatọ nke ndị na-ahụ maka ịmụ nwa chọrọ ịgbaso iji gbochie mgbasa nke ọrịa site na onye ọrịa gaa na onye ọrịa, ọkachasị ndị ọrịa butere ọrịa na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ibute ọrịa mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa. Ruo n'oge a n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, iwu asatọ a bụ ụkpụrụ kachasị mma e bipụtara ruo ugbu a na njikwa ọrịa a na-atụ egwu. O doro anya na ịgbaso usoro iwu ndị a zọpụtara ọtụtụ ndụ gburugburu ụwa.[6]

N'afọ 1852, Dr. James Copeland kwuru banyere edemede Holmes n'ụzọ dị mma na Dictionary of Practical Medicine. Dr. Copeland, onye bụ onye na-ahụ maka ahụike na Queen Charlotte's Lying-in Hospital na London, kwupụtara na ọrịa na-efe efe nke puerperal fever site n'ikwu na "Dr. Holmes ejirila ike ma jiri nlezianya wetara isiokwu a a na-eleghara anya n'ihu ọrụ ahụ".[7] Dr. Copeland n'ụzọ dị mwute gbakwunyere na enweghị nkwekọrịta na ọrịa puerperal fever na ndị ọkachamara a ma ama dị ka Hulme, Leake, Hull, Beaudeloque, Tonnellé, Dugé, Dewees na ndị ọzọ ka na-agọnahụ eziokwu a.[8]

Afọ iri na abụọ mgbe e bipụtara ya na 1843 Holmes bipụtara edemede ya na 1855 dị ka mbipụta onwe onye. Ọ kpọrọ ya "Puerperal Fever as a Private Pestilence". O nwere isi ihe abụọ mere e ji bipụtaghachi ya: nke mbụ, n'ihi nkesa na-adịghị mma nke edemede ahụ na mbụ; na nke abụọ, iji dọọ ndị dọkịta ibe ya aka ná ntị ma mee ka ha kwenye na ọrịa puerperal fever na-efe efe. Holmes gbakwunyere okwu mbido na edemede mbụ ahụ, na-ekwupụta nsogbu niile, na-eme ka ndị prọfesọ ka na-agọnahụ ihe kpatara ahụ ọkụ ahụ, ma na-adọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụike aka ná ntị banyere ọdịdị na-enweghị isi nke arụmụka ha.[9] Ọrụ Semmelweis kwadoro echiche Holmes.

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ The Contagiousness of Puerperal Fever. Bartleby.com. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  2. ↑ Harvard Classics, Vol. 38, Part 5 The Contagiousness of Puerperal Fever. Bartleby.com. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  3. ↑ Oliver Wendell Holmes. Lane Library. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  4. ↑ Oliver Wendell Holmes. Lane Library. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  5. ↑ Holmes (1843). The Contagiousness of Puerperal Fever. New England Quarterly Journal of Medicine and Surgery 1. 
  6. ↑ Oliver Wendell Holmes. Lane Library. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  7. ↑ Copeland (1852). A Dictionary of Practical Medicine. New York: Harper and Brothers. 
  8. ↑ Oliver Wendell Holmes. Lane Library. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  9. ↑ Holmes (1855). Puerperal Fever as a Private Pestilence. Boston: Ticknor and Fields. 
Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Na-efe_efe_nke_anụ_ahụ_agụụ_perperal&oldid=121002