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National Highway System (United States)

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National Highway System.

National Highway System ( NHS ) bụ ụzọ nke okporo ụzọ awara n'ime United States, ndị Interstate Highway System na okporo ụzọ ndị ọzọ na-eje ozi ụgbọ elu, ụgbọ mmiri, ọdụ ndị agha, ụgbọ okporo ụzọ ma  ọ bụ gwongworo, ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ụzọ, ụgbọ okporo ụzọ, ụgbọ okporo ụzọ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.  .  N'ozuzu, ọ bụ usoro okporo ụzọ kasị ukwuu n'ụwa

A na-agba ndị steeti n'otu n'otu ume ka ha le na-ahụ anya na ego isi etiti maka imeziwanye ndị na nchekwa nke ike a.  Ndị Ngalaba njem nke United States (USDOT) okporo ụzọ okporo ụzọ ndị dị n'ime usoro ahụ na nkwado nke steeti, ndị isi obodo, na ndị otu obodo mepere emepe (MPO) yana ndị United States Congress na 1995.

Iwu

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Intermodal Surface Transport Efficiency Act (ISTEA) na 1991 akara ụfọdụ isi ụzọ dị ka Interstate Highway Sistemụ, ime.  [1] [2] Iwu ahụ nyere usoro iji nyere National Intermodal Transportation System nke "nwere ụdị ụgbọ njem niile n'otu n'otu, nke ọnụ, mgbasa njem nke ihe, iji ebe oriri ike na mmetọ ikuku mgbe ọ na  , ike akụ na-ahụ na nna ahụ.Seemfo mma na azụmahịa mba ụwa

Iwu Nhazi ụzọ okporo ụzọ nke 1995 ( Pub. L. , 109 Stat. 568, COMPS-1425 ) bụ iwu United States of Congress nke Onye isi ala Bill Clinton nyere aka na ya na Nọvemba 28, 1995. Iwu ahụ nwere ihe yiri ya.  160,955 miles (259,032 km) nke okporo ụzọ, na-akpọ Interstate Highway System, dị ka NHS

E qayb egosipụta usoro ahụ, omume ahụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, ndị iweghachi akwụkwọ $ 5.4 na ego na ngalaba okporo ụzọ steeti, na-enye Congress ikike ọrụ ụzọ okporo ụzọ ụzọ, kagbuo njikwa oke ọsọ etiti, ma na-eduga etiti  steeti steeti ego okporo ụzọ ụzọ isi akara dị adị ma ọ bụ akara ọhụrụ nwe metrik [1]

[2]Iwu a mmemme mmemme pilot nke ụlọ akụ steeti.  Ahọpụtara steeti iri n'afọ 1996 maka usoro ọhụrụ a nke inye ego n'ụzọ.  akụ akụ ndị a ga-agbazinye ego dị ka ụlọ akụ mgbe niile, na-enweta ego sitere na isi etiti ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe, a ga- dawokwa ha site n'ụzọ dị ka ụtụ isi okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ ụtụ isi  .  Na 1997, steeti 28 ọzọ nọmba ka ha so na mmemme ahụ.  Ohio bụ izizi jiri ụlọ akụ steeti steeti iwu okporo ụzọ.  Uru nke usoro a bụ amịcha ọrụ ngwa;  iwu na ikike ikike ọrụ mkpa bụ nsogbu ike ime

Maapụ Strategic Highway Network, otu akụkụ nke NHS
Map nke nkezi okporo ụzọ gwongworo ibu na NHS na 2015

[3]Dị ka Federal Highway Administration si kwuo, 160,000-mile (260,000 km) Usoro ụzọ okporo ụzọ okporo ụzọ dị mkpa maka ire United States, nchekwa, na-echekwa, site na otu ma ọ bụ akụkụ okporo ụzọ ndị a (  ụzọ iche nwere ike ịbụ nke ihe nkiri otu akụkụ):

  • Interstate Highway System : Usoro okporo ụzọ Interstate dum (nke a makwaara dị ka Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highway) gụnyere na NHS, mana na-ejigide njirimara ya dị iche iche n'ime NHS.
  • Arterial ndị ọzọ isi: okporo ụzọ dị n'ime ime obodo na obodo mepere emepe nke na-enye ohere n'etiti ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ọdụ ụgbọ elu, ọdụ ụgbọ elu, ebe njem ọha, ma ọ bụ ebe njem n'etiti ndị ọzọ. (Ụlọ ọrụ enwetara gụnyere 207 ọdụ ụgbọ elu, 198 ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, 190 ọdụ ụgbọ oloko ma ọ bụ gwongworo, 67 Ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Amtrak, 58 ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri yana 82 ọdụ ụgbọ ala intercity, 307 ọdụ ụgbọ njem ọha, 37 ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, na 20 Ọnụ ụzọ ndị njem nwere ọtụtụ ebumnuche.) [4]
  • Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET): Netwọk niile nke okporo ụzọ awara awara nke dị mkpa na amụma nchekwa atụmatụ nke United States na nke na-enye ohere nchekwa, ịga n'ihu, na ikike mberede maka ebumnuche nchekwa. [5]
  • Isi Strategic Highway Network Connectors: Ụzọ awara awara na-enye ohere n'etiti nnukwu nrụnye ndị agha na ụzọ ndị bụ akụkụ nke STRAHNET.
  • Njikọ Intermodal: Ụzọ ndị na-enye ohere n'etiti nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ intermodal na mpaghara anọ ndị ọzọ mebere NHS. [6]

Usoro a gụnyere 4% nke okporo ụzọ mba ahụ, mana ọ na-ebu karịa 40% nke okporo ụzọ okporo ụzọ niile, 75% nke okporo ụzọ gwongworo dị arọ, na 90% nke njem nlegharị anya. [4] Obodo obodo niile nwere ihe karịrị 50,000 na ihe dịka 90% nke ndị America bi n'ime 5 miles (8.0 km) nke netwọk, [4] nke kacha ogologo n'ụwa. [7]

Hụkwa

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  •  U.S. Roads portal

Ntụaka

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  1. ↑ Federal Highway Administration. Interstate FAQ: Why don't you put metric speed and distance signs on the Interstate System?. Celebrating the Eisenhower Interstate Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved on August 23, 2008.
  2. ↑ Schienberg (March 6, 1997). Statement of Phyllis Schienberg, Prospects for Innovation Through Research, Intelligent Transportation Systems, State Infrastructure Banks, and Design-Build Contracting. US Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. Retrieved on July 9, 2012.
  3. ↑ Natzke (September 29, 2017). What is the National Highway System?. National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved on January 29, 2019.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Slater (Spring 1996). "The National Highway System: A Commitment to America's Future". Public Roads 59 (4). ISSN 0033-3735. Retrieved on July 9, 2012. 
  5. ↑ Federal Highway Administration (November 7, 2014). Chapter 18: Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET). Status of the Nation's Highways, Bridges, and Transit: 2004 Conditions and Performance. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved on August 27, 2015.
  6. ↑ Natzke (April 6, 2018). Intermodal Connectors. National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved on January 29, 2019.
  7. ↑ Cox. "China Expressway System to Exceed US Interstates", New Geography, January 22, 2011. Retrieved on July 9, 2012.

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