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Njikọ nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Ụmụ nwanyị nke Chile

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Federación Chilena de Instituciones Femeninas (FECHIF) (Spanish: Chilean Federation of Women's Institutions), bụ òtù na-ahụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke dị na Chile ma guzobe ya na 1944. [1]

FECHIF rụrụ ọrụ dị ka nzukọ nche anwụ nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị Chile n'oge mkpọsa ikpeazụ maka ikike nhọpụta na ikike ụmụ nwanyị. E webatara ikike ntụli aka na ọkwa obodo na 1931, n'akụkụ ụfọdụ mgbe mkpọsa nke Comité Nacional pro Derechos de la Mujer gasịrị, mana a nabataghị ya na ọkwa mba. Mgbalị nke nzukọ ahụ malitere na 1944 ma dịgide ruo mgbe e guzobere ikike ụmụ nwanyị na Chile na 1949.

Context

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N'ụwa nile, narị afọ nke 20 hụrụ usoro nke ịbawanye ikike ụmụ nwanyị na oge 1930 ruo 1940 ga-abụ oge ọrụ siri ike site na òtù ụmụ nwanyị FECHIF n'onwe ya bu ụzọ mepụta Movement Pro-Emancipation of Chilean Women (MEMCH) na 1935, nke chọrọ ịhazi ma mepụta akọ na uche na-aga n'ihu na mba ahụ. Mgbalị ahụ ga-abịa iji kwalite ma sonye n'ihe gbasara FECHIF.

Ihe mgbaru ọsọ na Echiche

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A na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ndị 2931 bụ nanị ihe mbụ maka ịghọta ịtụ vootu mba niile maka ụmụ nwanyị Chile [2] Na Jenụwarị 1941, Onye isi ala Chile Pedro Aguirre Cerda, ya na FECHIF, gosipụtara na Senate atụmatụ nke Elena Caffarena na Flor Heredia dere iji kwe ka ụmụ nwanyị nwee ike ịtụ vootu.[3] E kwurịtachaghị atụmatụ a.[4]

E mere Nzukọ Mba nke Ụmụ nwanyị nke Mbụ (Spanish: Primer Congreso Nacional de Mujeres) na Santiago n'etiti Ọktọba na Nọvemba 1944 ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa n'ịkwado ịdị n'otu nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị. Nzukọ a dugara kpọmkwem n'ịmepụta FECHIF na ebumnuche bụ isi nke ịlụ ọgụ maka ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị ikike nhọpụta.[5]

Ọ bụ ezie na nzukọ ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a nwere okwu ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, MEMCH na FECHIF bụ abụọ n'ime ọtụtụ òtù dị iche na echiche ha banyere ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya .[6]

Ihe ndị a rụzuru na ike gwụrụ

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FECHIF na òtù ndị ọzọ nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịmepụta ọganihu mkpokọta n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị n'agbanyeghị klas mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya ma ọ bụ njikọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ nwanyị dị elu na ndị dị n'etiti na-eduzi mmegharị ahụ. Ka o sina dị, mmegharị ahụ ga-ahapụ mmetụta na-adịgide adịgide ruo ọtụtụ afọ, n'ikpeazụ na-enwe ihe ịga nke ọma n'inweta ntuli aka ụmụ nwanyị na mba ahụ na 1949

Otú ọ dị, FECHIF adịghị ike nke ukwuu na 1946 n'okpuru nchịkwa nke Onye isi ala Radical Gabriel González Videla.[7] Esemokwu nke polarization na Agha Nzuzo kpaliri Videla iwere ọnọdụ na-emegide ndị Kọmunist ma wepụta Iwu nke Nchebe Na-adịgide Adịgide nke Ọchịchị Onye kwuo uche ya na 1948, na-amachibido ndị Communist Party nke Chile iwu. Omume a kpatara nkewa n'ime FECHIF, na-amanye ha iwepụ alaka aka ekpe. ha. MEMCH, onye na-arụkọ ọrụ na FECHIF n'oge gara aga, katọrọ nchụpụ nke ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe n'ụzọ aka ike ma pụọ. Nnukwu ọnwụ a kpatara nkewa na-adịgide adịgide n'ime Federation, n'ikpeazụ na-eweta ya na njedebe ya.

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ Diamela Eltit, Crónica del sufragio femenino en Chile, Santiago, Servicio Nacional de la Mujer, 1994, p. 48
  2. ↑ Diamela Eltit, Crónica del sufragio femenino en Chile, Santiago, Servicio Nacional de la Mujer, 1994, p. 48
  3. ↑ Claudia Fedora Rojas, Epistolario Emancipador del Memch; catálogo histórico comentado (1935–1949), Santiago, Archivo Nacional, 2017, p.22
  4. ↑ Corinne Pernet, Chilean feminists, the International Women's Movement and Suffrage, University of California Press, 2000, p. 685
  5. ↑ https://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-93854.html
  6. ↑ Pernet, op. cit, p. 687
  7. ↑ Corinne Pernet, "Historia del Memch y sus obstáculos" en Disciplina y Descato: Construcción de Identidad en Chile S.XIX y S.XX , Santiago, SurCedem, 1997, p.289
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