Oche nke ngwa agha
Oche nke ngwa agha(Portuguese Trono de Armas) bụ ihe a tụrụ atụ nke afọ 2002 nke Cristóvão Canhavato mepụtara site na ngwá agha ndị a na-ejighịzi eme ihe. Ọ bụ British Museum [1] nwe ya ma kpọọ ya "ihe kachasị ekwu okwu" nke Museum ma gosipụta ya n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche.[2]
Nkọwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ Cristóvão Estevão Canhavato, [3] onye amụrụ na 1966 na Mozambique" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zavala, Mozambique">Zavala na ndịda Mozambique, [4] mepụtara Ocheeze nke Ngwá Agha. Canhavato na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru aha Kester dị ka akụkụ nke otu a na-akpọ Associação Núcleo de Arte. Mmụta nka nke Kester mere na ndị na-ese ihe - ọ bụ ezie na o nweela ihe ọmụma nke injinia. Ndị na-ese ihe na-akwado Christian Aid na otu Ndị Kraịst Oge mbụ na nwaanyị ọzọ gbara na narị ọzọ nke Bishop Dinis Sengulane duziri dị ka akụkụ nke otu nzukọ a na-akpọ Transformação de Armas em Enxadas ma ọ bụ "Transforming Arms into Tools".[1]
Onye na-ese ihe ahụ abịala aka n'ocheeze ahụ, mana dịka ndị nlekọta ahụ kwuru, ahịhịa ndị mebiri ihe ndị e ji osisi rụọ n'Afrịka "abịala" n'ofeeze ahụ.[2] Kester, onye na-ese ihe, na-ezo aka na ihu ihu ọchị nke o tinyere n'ọrụ ya n'agbanyeghị na ndị ikwu ya merụrụ ahụ site na ngwá agha ndị dị ka ndị a. N'elu ọnụ égbè aka nri bụ ihu mmadụ, mana ọ bụ nwanyị nwoke na agụ akwụkwọ ghọrọ ike onye na-ese ihe "chọtara" ihu ahụ. Oghere na akara ndị ahụ bụ ihe fọdụrụnụ nke ebe a na-etinye eriri mgbe onye nwe ya bu ya. Ihe nnọchianya Kester mepụtara bụ ọdịdị Gothic n'azụ nke e bu n'uche iji gosipụta ụlọ ụka.[1][2]
Òtù "Transforming Arms into Tools" nyere Kester na ndị otu ya ngwá agha ndị a kwụsịrị maka nke a na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ya.[5] A rụrụ égbè ndị ahụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ égbè AK-47, na Portugal, Eastern Europe na North Korea. E mepụtara égbè H&K G3 e ji mepụta azụ azụ na Germany ma rụpụta ya na Portugal. [6] A na-eji ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka na Amerika mgbe ndi Afrịka. Enyemaka ndị Russia nke égbè AK-47 dị mkpa na imewe - AK-47, hoe, na akwụkwọ ka na-egosi na ọkọlọtọ Mozambique.[7]
N'ihu oche ahụ bụ égbè AKM nke North Korea rụrụ na otu égbè PPSh-43, na ngwá agha ndị mejupụtara oche ahụ ka emere na mpaghara okpomọkụ yana na Poland na Czechoslovakia.[6]
Ngwá agha na Mozambique sitere na agha obodo nke South Africa na Rhodesia kwadoro ma tinye ndị si n'ọchịchị alaeze na akọ banyere ịhụnanya ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ha.[8] Otu nde mmadụ nwụrụ ma agha ahụ kwụsịrị mgbe Soviet Union dara na ego ahụ kwụsịrị.[2] Kofi Annan kwuru mgbe a na-atụle oche a, "Anyị anaghị emepụta ngwá agha, mgbe ụfọdụ anyị enweghị ọbụna ego ịzụta ha. Olee otú anyị si enweta ngwá agha ndị a iji gbuo ibe anyị?" [6]
Ebe o si
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọ bụ British Museum zụrụ ocheeze ahụ n'afọ 2002, nke Julia Fairrie nke Christian Aid kwadoro.[1] Ndị Christian Aid wetara ihe oyiyi ahụ na England dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi a na-akpọ "Swords into Ploughshares. Transforming Arms into Art" nke Julia Fairrie haziri. N'afọ 2005, ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ gàrà nledà anyanwu njikota n'ihu nye ọrụ nka ọzọ site n'otu ìgwè ndị na-ese ihe na Maputo. A kpọrọ akụkụ ahụ "Osisi Ndụ Ndụ" ma gosipụta ya na mpaghara isi nke ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie site na Febụwarị 2005. [8]
Mkpa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Associação Núcleo de Arte na Maputo abụwo otu ndị na-ese ihe kemgbe afọ 1930 ma n'agbanyeghị njedebe nkè ikike asụsụ obodo alaeze ukwu na agha obodo ọ ka na-akwado ndị na-eme ihe nkiri dịka o mere Maputo, onye na-ese Malangatana Ngwenya na afọ 1950. [4]
Ihe nnọchianya nke imegharị ngwá agha ndị a kwụsịrị n'ụwa niile doro anya. Otú ọ dị, enwere ihe ọzọ a gbakwunyere n'ihi na oche nwere ike ịbụ ihe nnọchianya nke ikike n'Africa.[8] A na-egosi ihe atụ nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke oche Onye Okike nyere isi si Ghana maka ntụnyere.
Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie nke Britain zigara Ocheeze nke Ngwá Agha na njem ma gosipụta na ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ahịa, ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, katidral, oghere obodo ukwu na ụlọ mkpọrọ gburugburu United Kingdom. Ọ gara mba ụwa mana ọ gakwara Northern Ireland, Wales, Scotland na England. A na-akpọ ya "ihe kachasị ekwụ na naa okwu" n'ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ ma nwee ike igosi ya n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ.[2]
A họọrọ ihe oyiyi ọlaọcha na ọlaedo zigara ahụ ka egosiputa ya na A History of the World in 100 Objects, usoro mmemme redio nke malitere na 2010 dị ka mmekorita n'etiti BBC na British Museum.[2]
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Spring. Farewell to Arms. TES. Times Educational Supplement. Archived from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved on 29 September 2010. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "tes" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Throne of Weapons. A History of the World in 100 Objects. BBC. Retrieved on 29 September 2010. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "ahotw" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Bemong, N (2008). Re-Thinking Europe: Literature and (Trans) National Identity. Rodopi. ISBN 978-9042023529.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 artists' collective Núcleo de Arte. Núcleo de Arte. Retrieved on 29 September 2010. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "nucleo" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Associação Núcleo de Arte. africaserver.nl. Retrieved on 29 September 2010.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 MacGregor. Episode 98 - Throne of Weapons - transcript. A History of the World in 100 Objects. BBC. Retrieved on 21 October 2010. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "transcript" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Mozambique: Parliament Keeps Gun In National Flag", The New York Times, 2005-12-20. Retrieved on 2007-11-14.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Throne of Weapons. British Museum. Archived from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved on 29 September 2010. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "bm" defined multiple times with different content