Onye isi ojii nke Namibia
| Namibian Black German Kiche Duits | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Namibia | |
| Total speakers: | None, possibly with some minor transmission to youth | |
| Language family: | German-based creole | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | none | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Namibian Black German,nakwa NBG, ( , "kitchen German") bụ asụsụ pidgin nke Namibia nke sitere na German ọkọlọtọ. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpochapu.[1] It Ọ bụ ndị Namibia na-amụchaghị German na-asụkarị n'oge ọchịchị German. Ọ dịghị mgbe mbụ asụsụ. Ndị mmadụ n'ozuzu karịa afọ 50 na-asụ asụsụ. nke abụọ, bụ ndị taa ogbugba a dị ka abụọ nke, bụ ndị taa usually also speak Standard or Namibian German, Afrikaans, or English. Yana izugbe mmụta na mepere emepe gburugburu nke Ndịda Namibia ebe a na-asụ German Namibia, enwere ike ichekwa NBG n'aha site na nnyefe nne na nna na nwa ma ọ bụ n'ime ụlọ.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Nchịkọta nke German na Namibia na-emekarị n'èzí agụmakwụkwọ ma bụrụ nke a kụziiri onwe ya. Dị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ pidgin, Namibian Black German mepụtara site na ohere dị nta maka asụsụ ọkọlọtọ ma bụrụ nke a kpaara ókè na gburugburu ọrụ.
[2] ọ dị ugbu a, ọtụtụ narị puku ndị Namibia na-asụ German dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ - ọtụtụ, mana ọ bụghị ọtụtụ n'ime ha Black, ọ bụ ezie na ndị Namibia German anaghị agbaso ụkpụrụ German, ọ bụghị pidgin.
Okwu mbido[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Bekee na Afrikaans ahapụla mmetụta na mmepe nke NBG, na-eduga na usoro nhazi atọ: [3]
- na-agbakwunye preposition ebe Standard German ga-eji ebubo
- ịtọpụ prepositions nke na-adịkarị na Standard German
- gbanwee preposition nke ngwaa chọrọ
Ihe Nlereanya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ihe atụ nke ahịrịokwu ndị nwere ihe ndị yiri ya na Standard German:
- Lange nicht sehen - ogologo oge anaghị ahụ ("Lange nicht精")
- Ọ bụ unere ka a ga-eji ya mee ihe? - Ego ole ka unere na-efu? ("Kostet nwụrụ/eine Banane?")
- Uhr spät - 'oge mgbede', nke pụtara 'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ' ("es ist spät")
- Herr fahren Jagd, nicht Haus - "Onye nwe ya gara ịchụ nta ma ọ nọghị n'ụlọ" ("Der Herr ist zur Jagd gefahren und ist nicht zu Hause")
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ndị mmadụ n'ozuzu karịa afọ 50 na-asụ ugbu a dị ka asụsụ
- ↑ Maitz (2017-12-04). "Documenting Unserdeutsch". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 32 (2): 365–397. DOI:10.1075/jpcl.32.2.06mai. ISSN 0920-9034.
- ↑ Maitz (March 2014). "Language Contact and Morphosyntactic Complexity: Evidence from German" (in en). Journal of Germanic Linguistics 26 (1): 1–29. DOI:10.1017/S1470542713000184. ISSN 1470-5427.
- ↑ Shah (2007). "German in a contact situation: The case of Namibian German". EDUSA 2 (2): 20–44.
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Deumert (2003). "Markedness and salience in language contact and second-language acquisition: evidence from a non-canonical contact language". Language Sciences 25 (6): 561–613. DOI:10.1016/S0388-0001(03)00033-0.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akụkọ ihe mere eme Sociolinguistics in a Colonial World, Methodological Considerations [PowerPoint slides]. E nwetara ya na https://web.archive.org/web/20220721033445/http://hison.sbg.ac.at/content/conferences/handoutsslides2010/Deumert3.pdf
- Deumert (2009). "Namibian Kiche Duits: The Making (and Decline) of Neo-African Language". Journal of Germanic Linguistics 21 (4): 349–417. DOI:10.1017/s1470542709990122.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] German Studies: Asụsụ na Asụsụ. Ọrụ Afọ na Ọmụmụ Asụsụ Ọgbara Ọhụrụ, 71, 564-594. JSTOR 10.5699/yearworkmodlang.71.2009.0564
- Shah (2007). "German in a contact situation: The case of Namibian German". EDUSA 2 (2): 20–44.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mgbe asụsụ ọkọlọtọ na-aga n'okpuru ọchịchị: Omume asụsụ, atụmatụ asụsụ, na destandardization n'oge ọchịchị ndị Germany. 25th Scandinavian Conference of Linguistics, Workshop 2: Foundations of Language Standardization. E nwetara ya na https://web.archive.org/web/20150713130948/http://conference.hi.is/scl25/files/2012/06/Stolberg.pdf