Orlando Martínez Howley

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Orlando Martínez Howley
BornSeptember 23, 1944
Las Matas de Farfán, Dominican Republic
Died17 Maachị 1975(1975-03-17) (aged 30)
OccupationJournalist and columnist

Orlando Martínez Howley (September 23, 1944 - March 17, 1975) bụ onye nta akụkọ na-akwado aka ekpe na onye otu Communist Party nke Dominican Republic bụ onye na-akatọ Onye isi ala Joaquín Balaguer . [1] Onye isi ala nke oge ahụ nyere iwu [1] e gbuo ya na 1975, na 2000, e nyere ndị ikom anọ ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ 30 n'ihe metụtara ogbugbu ahụ. Orlando Martínez aghọwo ihe nnọchianya nke nnwere onwe ikwu okwu [2] Dominican Republic. [1]

Onye ọ bụla[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Orlando Martínez na Las Matas de Farfán na Dominican Republic, na 1944.[3][4] Nna [4] Luis Mariano Martinez na nne ya Adriana Howley nwere ụmụ nwoke ise, gụnyere Orlando, ụmụnne ya bụ Bélgica, Túcides (nwụrụ anwụ), Nelson, na Sergio. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, nke dị nso n'ebe e gburu ya. Nne [3] nọgidere na-agba mbọ ka e meghee ikpe nwa ya nwoke mgbe e gbusịrị ya.

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Orlando Martínez bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Revista Ahora na onye na-ede akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ụbọchị El Nacional . [3] [2], "Microscope," n'akwụkwọ ahụ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a na-agụkarị n'oge ahụ n'ihi na ọ na-eme ka mpụ na nrụrụ aka dị mfe n'ime ọchịchị Balaguer na ndị agha. Otu [5]'ime edemede ikpeazụ o dere gbachitere ikike nke onye na-ese ihe Silvano Lora (1934-2003) . [1]

Ọnwụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  Orlando Martínez dere edemede [6]-akatọ onye isi ala. E gburu ya na Santo Domingo de Guzmán na 17 Machị 1975 mgbe Onye isi ala Joaquín Balaguer nọ n'ọchịchị. [3] gbagburu ya n'okporo ámá a na-akpọ José Contreras dị nso na Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo . [1] Ngwá agha igbu ọchụ ahụ [7] .38-caliber revolver nke a chọpụtara na ọ bụ nke Mariano Cabrera Duran, onye e mesịrị si na United States nyefee na Dominican Republic. [6] [2]

Nnyocha[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye bụbu onye isi ala Joaquin Balaguer na-azọrọ mgbe niile na ọ maara onye gburu Orlando Martínez mana ọ jụrụ ịgwa ndị isi ikpe. [3][1] họọrọ ịghara ịgwa onye ha bụ ma dee "akwụkwọ efu" n'ime akụkọ ndụ ya, Memories of a Courtesan in the Era of Trujillo, na-eche na ọ na-ahapụ maka ndị ga-abịa n'ihu ihe ọmụma nke ndị gburu ya.

N'agbanyeghị njide mbụ na ụgwọ ọrụ maka ozi Balaguer nyere, ikpe ahụ nọgidere na limbo ruo mgbe Onye isi ala Leonel Fernandez, onye a họpụtara na 1996, nyere iwu ka e meghee ikpe ahụ. N'afọ 1998, Mariano Cabrera Duran, onye nwe obere ụlọ ahịa mmanya Bronx, bụ onye ndị uwe ojii gọọmentị etiti jidere ma laghachi na Dominican Republic. [6] jikọtara Duran na ngwá agha igbu ọchụ nke e ji gbuo Martínez.

Iwu maka ogbugbu ahụ sitere n'aka Gen. Isidoro Martínez, onye nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa na 2001. Ndị [3] kpere ikpe ma maa ikpe maka igbu ọchụ ahụ bụ Gen. Antonio Pou Castro, onye bụbu Sergeant Mariano Duran na ndị agha abụọ, Rafael Lluberes Ricart na Luis Emilio De la Rosa Veras. [1]'afọ 2000, a mara ndị ikom anọ ahụ ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri atọ n'ihe metụtara ogbugbu ahụ ma mara Rafael Lluberes Ricart dị ka onye gbagburu Martínez. A matala ndị ahụ niile a mara ikpe na 1975 n'ihe gbasara ogbugbu ahụ.

Ihe gbara ya gburugburu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ogbugbu Orlando Martínez abụghị naanị ikpe igbu ọchụ n'ihi njikọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge ọchịchị Balaguer afọ 12. [8] gburu onye nta akụkọ José Enrique Piera Puig afọ ise tupu e gbuo Martínez. [9] Ogbugbu nke Amín Abel Hasbún, onye ndú aka ekpe Otto Morales, na Maximiliano Gomez bụ ikpe niile mere n'oge a. N'oge ọchịchị Balaguer, a na-eme atụmatụ na o nyere iwu ka e gbuo ihe karịrị ndị ọrụ 2,000, ụmụ akwụkwọ, na ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ nkọ.

Mmetụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Afọ iri atọ mgbe Orlando Martínez nwụsịrị, ndị nta akụkọ si Dominican Republic na-aga n'ihu na-ede banyere ya. [2] maara ya maka nguzo siri ike ya megide ọchịchị na-achị achị ma mgbe e gbusịrị ya, ọ ghọrọ ihe nnọchianya nke nnwere onwe ikwu okwu na Dominican Republic.

Mmeghachi omume[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye isi ala Leonel Fernandez meghere ikpe ahụ na 1996 mgbe a họpụtara ya. [3] onye ọka ikpe ahụ kwupụtara ikpe ahụ, Fernandez kwuru, sị, "Ntinye ntaramahụhụ megide ndị ikpe mara ka na-ezughị iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka ihe mgbu nke omume a kpatara".

[10] Inter American Press Association (SIP) sooro Martínez ruo mgbe mkpebi ya.

Ihe ncheta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ụlọ [4] bụzi ihe ncheta ọha na eze. [11] na-emekwa ememe ncheta na St. Patrick's Days iji sọpụrụ ya. [1]

Akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Leila Roldán, Archivo de instrucción: ikpe Orlando Martínez Dominican Republic: Stanley Graficas & Associates, 1999.

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Rafael Molina Morillo

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Dominican general jailed over killing", BBC News, 2000-08-04. Retrieved on 2007-10-24.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Publicado por Marcelo Peralta (2013-03-14). Prensa Global Digital: 38 años del asesinato de Orlando Martínez. Prensaglobaldigitalpgd.blogspot.com. Retrieved on 2014-04-22.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Rodriguez (2003-08-23). Dominican death squad sentenced in '75 murder. World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved on 2007-10-24.Rodriguez, Tomas (2003-08-23). "Dominican death squad sentenced in '75 murder". World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hoy, 38 aniversario de muerte de Orlando Martínez. ~ elfututo.net. Elfututo.blogspot.com (2013-12-03). Retrieved on 2014-04-22."Hoy, 38 aniversario de muerte de Orlando Martínez. ~ elfututo.net". Elfututo.blogspot.com. 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2014-04-22.
  5. ↑ TE RECUERDO LUIS ORLANDO MARTINEZ HOWLEY, 35 AÑOS DE IMPUNIDAD. Foro.univision.com (March 17, 2010). Retrieved on 2014-04-22.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Ramirez. "Bronx Store Owner Is Arrested In a 1975 Dominican Killing", New York Times, 1998-12-01. Retrieved on 2007-10-24.
  7. ↑ Duran v. United States, 36 F.Supp.2d 622. Leagle.com (1999). Retrieved on 2014-04-22.
  8. ↑ "Periodista vincula ex secretario FFAA con el asesinato Enrique Piera", Al Momento, June 20, 2012.
  9. ↑ "Vincula a exjefe de FFAA con crímenes contra periodistas", El Caribe, June 21, 2012.
  10. ↑ Casado (March 4, 2012). Califican humillante y vergonzosa sentencia CIDH caso Narcisazo. Elnuevodiario.com.do. Archived from the original on 2014-05-03. Retrieved on 2014-04-22.
  11. ↑ "Honoring the Memory of a Slain Dominican Journalist", mediabistro.com, March 17, 2014. Retrieved on 2014-04-22.
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