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Pedro Joseph nke Lemos

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Pedro Joseph de Lemos (25 Mee 1882 - 5 Disemba 1954) bụ onye America na-ese ihe, onye na-ebi akwụkwọ, onye na-ese akwụkwọ ụlọ, onye na-ese ihe, onye edemede, onye nkuzi, onye isi ụlọ ihe.  ngosi nka na onye nkuzi nka na mpaghara San Francisco Bay .  Tupu ihe dị ka 1930 ọ na-eji aha dị mfe Pedro Lemos ma ọ bụ Pedro J. Lemos;  n'agbata 1931 na 1933 ọ na-ibu aha na de Lemos, na-ekwere na ya na Count de Lemos (1576-1622), onye na-elekọta Miguel de Cervantes .  Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya bụ akwụkwọ ndekọ osisi Japanese na Arts and Crafts Movement .  Ọkụ onye a ma na ngalaba Nhọrọ nka, wee nwee ọtụtụ ụlọ iche na Palo Alto na Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. [1]

Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Pedro na 25 Mee 1882 na Austin, Nevada.  [1] Ezin ahụ ahụ biri na Myrtle Street na Oakland, California na 1888. [2] [3] Ndị enyi Pedro si na Azores dị na Portugal kwaga na 1872. [2]

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na, mgbe ọ dị afụ iri na ụma, ọ sayensị art Mark Hopkins Institute (ugbu a San Francisco Art Institute ) na San Francisco ya na Harry Stuart Fonda (1864-1942), Emile Gremke, na Mary Frances Benton  .  [1] [2] Ọ la LED n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ikpeazụ na 1910-11 ma akwụkwọ n'okpuru Charles Chapel Judson (1864-1946), Harry Seawell, na Alice Brown Chittenden (1859–1944).  </link>] [ ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na New York na George Bridgman na Art Students League of New York na Arthur Wesley Dow na Mahadum Columbia na New York City. [3] [4]

Ọrụ mmalite[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

"The Cliff Dweller"

Ndị ọrụ na-akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Pacific Press na Oakland were ya n'enwe site na 1900 ruo 1904. </link>Na 1904 ya na nwanne ya nwoke John ụlọ ọrụ ihe osise na San Francisco , ] [ bibiri na 1906 ala ọma  egwu na ọkụ.  Na 1907 ọ ngosi Reta Bailey nke Berkeley na ike atọ ahụ, ya na ndị mmekọ abụọ ọzọ, ndị Lemos Illustrating Company na Oakland, na-aga n'ihu dị ka Lemos Brothers, Artists and Engravers ruo 1911. [1] Mgbe e ịhụ  nke a bịara mara dị ka Lemos Brothers Art na Photography Studio, nke nyere klaasị nka na ọla kọpa, akpụkpọ anụ na nhazi ala yana mgbasa ozi ọdịnala nke ebe nkụ, etching na ihe atụ.. [5]

Nkuzi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na 1911 ọ pịa ịṣọ ihe omume mma na San Francisco Institute of Art .  [1] N'ọgwụgwụ 1912 ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị akwụkwọ California Society of Etchers, na n'afọ sochirinụ ọ ọrịa ụzọ klas mbụ nke Institute na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  Ụfọdụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ya, dị ka William S. Rice na John W. Winkler (1894-1979), gara n'ihu akwụkwọ ama ama dị ka ndị na-akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  O nyere aka hazie ngalaba aha California nke 1915 Panama–Pacific International Exposition (PPIE).  [1] O nwere ọrụ ise na enyo PPIE wee aha aha.

Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye isi ụlọ ọrụ San Francisco Institute of Art site na 1914 ruo 1917. [6]

Onye isi ihe ngosi nka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'okpuru ọchịchị iji tinye usoro nka ọgbara ọhụrụ dị ka cubism na usoro nke San Francisco Institute of Art, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1917 ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na gallery na Mahadum Stanford .  [1] [2] Ọ gara n'ihu n'ahụ ahụ na nkuzi na Stanford ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nka na 1945, ma hazie usoro ihe ngosi dị iche iche na-arụsi ọrụ ike.  Na Maachị 1922 o sere na Stanford ihe ngosi mbụ nke ọrụ nke ya, nchịkọta pastels, na n'August 1922, e sere otu isiokwu ya na American Magazine of Art .  Ọ gara n'ihu na- nyere ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi na Stanford na n'ebe ndị ọzọ, na ruo ọtụtụ afọ ọ , klaisi klaisi nka oge ruo ruo Chicago [3]

Edemede[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Site n'akwụkwọ ya "Applied Art", nke mbụ e bipụtara na 1920

Ọka onye ode akwụkwọ nke ukwuu nke diski na akwụkwọ nka nka Mexico na nke ndị America na nkuzi nka na nka.  Na 1920 ya na nwoke John T. Lemo nwanne nwanne Art Simplified: A Book of Practical Art for Advertisers, Commercial Artists, Teachers and Students, nke ụgbọ mmiri Prang .  Arted Art: Drawing, Painting, Design and Handicraft (Pacific Press Publishing Association, 1920) akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ama maka klaasị nka ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na nke e debere ma de emu ihe ugboro iri na abụọ site na 1940s.  Ọtụtụ mpempe akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ SchoolArts, ebe de Lemos jere ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta site na 1919 ruo 1950. [11] Akwụkwọ 1922 Color Cement Handicraft nke Pedro na Reta Lemos, na-emesi ike na taịlị ihe eji achọ mma,  dekọrịta na 2007 dị ka Arts & Crafts Era Concrete Projects .  [1] O dere Correlated art maka ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu, akwụkwọ 1-3, nke Abbott Educational Co. akwụkwọ na Maachị 26, 1927 [7]  

Nhazi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke Pedro de Lemos House

N'afọ 1922, e nwere otu osisi oak ochie na Palo Alto nke e gbuturu, de Lemos were iwe maka igbutu osisi ochie a na-ama omume ọ ejegara otu ala na Ramona Street (n'ụdị University Avenue) iji nweta ya.  osisi osisi oak.  [1] N'agbata afọ 1920 ruo na njedebe 1930s, de Lemos haziri ma wuo ọtụtụ ụlọ na Palo Alto, California 520-526 Ramona Street na n'ofe okporo ụzọ na 533-539 Ramona Street, 460 Churchill Street (nke e  wuru na 1925) iji nweta ụlọ ya.  ụlọ nka, na ụlọ anọ Medieval Revival na 1550-1560-1566-1579 Copper Street (wuru na 1930s). [8]

Na 1928, mgbe ha na ndị nwe ụlọ zutechara, ndị Merners, Pedro na egosi ya Reta na ntọala, imewe na ụmụaka nke Allied Arts Guild na Menlo Park, California.  [1] [2] Ya na-egosi ya ịdọ aka ná ntị aka n'ịmepụta otu ụlọ ọrụ nka na ụlọ dị na Kamel na Palo Alto.  [3] Ọ bụ Pedro de Lemos na Gardner Dailey (1895-1967) haziri usoro ihe owuwu Spanish Colonial maka ụlọ isii Allied Arts Guild. [9]

N'afọ 1927, de Lemos ndị agba ụlọ ọrụ Art (nke e e guzo sile igbe Tuck ) na ihe dị n'ụdị ma wuo Lemos Building, ụlọ akwụkwọ ifo maka onwe ya n'azụ ihe akwụkwọ na 1929. Ọ wuru Mgbakwunye Ndị Ahịa Ubi  na 1931, nwera ọnụ windo ụzọ nwera atɔ, nkume Karmel, na elu ụlọ, nke akwụkwọ ya na ụlọ abụọ ndị ọzọ. [10] [11]

N'agbata 1931 na 1941 de Lemos ụgbọ ụlọ nke ya nke nwere ihe nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 9,000 square ụkwụ na Waverley Oaks na Palo Alto, Pedro de Lemos House (ma ọ bụ Hacienda de Lemos, Waverley Oaks) bụ Spanish Colonial Revival  architecture ma dị na National Register of Historic Places.  afọ 1979. [12]

Na 1944, Lemos mgbasa ozi ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ "nsụgharị" na Pebble Beach, nke a mara dị ka "Glọ Gingerbread" ma ọ bụ "Casita de Lemos" (Obere ụlọ nke Lemos).  Ezinụlọ a bụ ụlọ ndị ọbịa maka nnukwu ụlọ e mere maka ụlọ ahụ.  Ọ bụ naanị ebe a na-adabaghị ọkwọ ka ọ rụchara ma wụsa ụlọ sink. [5] [13]

Ọnwụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Lemos nwụrụ na Disemba 5, 1954, n'ụlọ ya na Palo Alto, California mgbe ọ dị afọ 72. [14]

Mkpakọrịta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N’August 1927, a na-amụ de Lemos onye isi oche mbụ nke Carmel Art Association na Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, mana ọ nge ịga eje ozi n'ime ihe ndị ahụ na-egosi dị ilu ihe ngosi nwere ikike.  [1] [2] Ọ sokwa na Bohemian Club, Palo Alto Art Association, Chicago Society of Etchers, Pacific Art League, na otu ndị ọzọ.  N'afọ 1943, a mgbaàmà ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Royal Society of Arts na London. [15] [16]

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Edwards (2015). Pedro de Lemos — Lasting Impressions: Works on Paper, 1910–1945. Worcester, Massachusetts: Davis Publications Inc., 4–111. ISBN 978-16152-8405-4. 
  2. United States Passport Application for Pedro J. Lemos. FamilySearch. Retrieved on 2022-04-20.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Edwards (2012). Jennie V. Cannon: The Untold History of the Carmel and Berkeley Art Colonies, Vol. 1. Oakland, Calif.: East Bay Heritage Project, 207–220, 234, 480–484. ISBN 9781467545679.  An online facsimile of the entire text of Vol. 1 is posted on the Traditional Fine Arts Organization website (Jennie V. Cannon: The Untold History of the Carmel and Berkeley Art Colonies, vol. One, East Bay Heritage Project, Oakland, 2012; by Robert W. Edwards. Archived from the original on 2016-04-29. Retrieved on 2016-06-07.).
  4. Nonnenberg. "Imprinted in history", Palo Alto Online, 2017-11-02. Retrieved on 2018-07-25. (in en)
  5. 5.0 5.1 Casita de Lemos, Pebble Beach (2019-06-10). Retrieved on 2022-06-27.
  6. Wander (2017-09-18). Stanford celebrates the lasting impression of artist Pedro de Lemos (en). Stanford News. Retrieved on 2020-10-23. “De Lemos resigned the directorship of the San Francisco Art Institute in 1917 to come to Stanford, where he directed the art gallery and museum for nearly three decades”
  7. (1927) Catalog of Copyright Entries, 1927 Pamphlets, Dramatic Compositions And Maps New Series Vol 24 Part 1. Library of Congress.. Retrieved on 2022-04-19. 
  8. McKee. "Pedro de Lemos — A Palo Alto Treasure", The Tall Tree Newsletter, The Palo Alto Historical Society, 2017-12-01. Retrieved on 2018-07-24.
  9. George. Allied Arts. www.pastheritage.org. Retrieved on 2018-07-25.
  10. Seavey (2007). Carmel, A History in Architecture. Carmel-by-the-Sea, California: Arcadia Publishing, 100–101, 108. ISBN 9780738547053. Retrieved on 2022-04-16. 
  11. Janick (October 8, 2002). Department Of Parks And Recreation. National Park Service. Retrieved on April 5, 2022.
  12. Hacienda de Lemos. Palo Alto Stanford Heritage. Retrieved on 25 August 2014.
  13. Mathewson (1998). The fairy tale houses of Carmel. Carmel-by-the-Sea, California: Tuck Box. OCLC 53232105. 
  14. De Lemos Rites Held Today. Oakland Tribune (1954-12-06). Retrieved on 2022-06-27.
  15. International Fine Print Dealers Association. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved on 2024-06-16.
  16. The Annex Galleries

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]