Peter H. Rossi

 

Peter Henry Rossi (December 27, 1921 - Ọktoba 7, 2006) bụ ọkà-ahụ kpatara ọha na eze ama ama maka nsogbu ya gbasara ihe ebe obibi, na idekọ ọnwụ ọnwụ ebe obibi America na 1980s.  Ntụgharị Rossi maka ọrụ ya na-echepụta ụzọ iji akara ngosi ngosi na akwụkwọ, ọrụ, njikwa mpụ, na ụlọ.  O mara aka na nka n'ihe gbasara ndị mmadụ na ibe ya iji nwa ndị na-ahụ ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ego ya.  Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ bụ Stuart A. Rice prọfesọ emeritus nke Sociology na onye nduzi emeritus nke Social and Demographic Research Institute (SADRI) na Mahadum Massachusetts Amherst

Akụkọ ndụ

A Washington Rossi na Disemba 27, 1921, na Corona, Queens, New York City, New York, nye ndị nne na nna kwagara Italytali.  Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na City College of New York na nzere na sociology na 1943. Mgbe ọ ọmụmụ akwụkwọ, o bu n'obi enyemaka na ọrụ enyemaka;  Otú ọ dị, ọ debanyere aha na ndị agha na 1943, ma jee ozi na 100th Infantry Division na Europe n'oge Agha agha nke gburu.

Mgbe agha ahụ, Rossi ji GI Bill gaa n'ihu na nkwado ya na Mahadum Columbia .  Mgbe ọ nọ na Columbia, Rossi soro ya, Alice Schaer .  Alice ghọkwara onye ọkà chọwara nsogbu na eze na 1966, bụ otu n'ime ndị isi National Organization for Women (Ugbu a).  N'oge ya na Columbia, Rossi nwere ike na site site n'aka nke abụọ na ndị na-ahụ maka ọha na eze, Robert K. Merton na Paul F. Lazarsfeld .  Edemede doctoral Rossi bụ aha ya bụ "The Application of Latent Structure Analysis to the Study of Social Stratification" wee nweta akara akara doctorate na sociology na 1951

Mgbe ọsịrị akara ugo họrọ doctorate ya, Rossi ngwaọrụ isonye na ngalaba na Mahadum Harvard maka afọ anọ dị ka onye nyọcha na onye osote prọfesọ.  Na 1955 ọ sonyeere na Mahadum Chicago's Department of Sociology faculty, ebe ọ malite afọ 12, nke mbụ dị ka osote prọfesọ mgbe ahụ zuru prọfesọ.  Ọ bụkwa onye nduzi nke National Opinion Research Center na Hyde Park afọ asaa, na-enyere aka iji ego iji wuo ụlọ ọhụrụ.

Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Chicago, Rossi jere ozi na kọmitii doctoral maka onye Chicago na onye edemede Andrew Greeley .  Ha abụọ aka na ọkụ 1962 nke usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ akụkọ nke e dị ka "Agụm akwụkwọ nke ndị America akwụkwọ", ma bụrụkwa nke a ma dịka ọmụmaatụ usoro izizi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ.  Rossi bụ onye nchịkọta nke American Journal of Sociology site na 1958 ruo 1961, ma jeekwa ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Social Science Research journal, ebe ọ bụ nnukwu onye nchịkọta akụkọ n'oge ọnwụ ya.

N'ihi ndidi, ya na Mahadum Chicago President Edward Levi, okwu okwu ego nke ụlọ ọrụ, Rossi University Chicago.  Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Chicago, Rossi weghaara oche nke ngalaba mba na eze na Mahadum Johns Hopkins, ebe ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye isi nsogbu nke Social na Demographic Research Institute na Mahadum Massachusetts.

Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Johns Hopkins, Rossi aka na ncha mmemme dị mkpa na oge ego ogbenye .  Otu ntule dị otú ahụ bụ inyere onye isi ala na-ahụ maka nsogbu obodo aka ndụ ihe na-eme ọgba aghara aghara obodo na-esochi ọgba aghara 1967 .  N'ime ọrụ ya na onye isi oche Commission on Civil Disorders tolitere zuru oke ike otú obodo America si meghachi omume na ọgba aghara nke njedebe 1960 na ọrụ ya "Mkpọrọgwụ nke Discontent Urban: Public Policy, Municipal Institutions and the Ghetto"

Na 1974, Rossi sonyeere ngalaba sociology na Mahadum Massachusetts, ebe ọ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nka na 1990s.  Mgbe ọ nọ na Mahadum Massachusetts, Rossi jere ozi dị ka onye isi 71st nke American Sociological Association site na 1979 ruo 1980

N'oge ọrụ ya, Rossi dere ihe karịrị akwụkwọ 40 na akwụkwọ akụkọ 200 ọkà mmụta. A na-akwanyere ya ùgwù nke ukwuu, mara ya nke ọma, ma chọọ ya maka ọrụ ya n'ịtụle mmemme mmekọrịta ọha na eze. </link> gụnyere n'ọrụ a bụ ihe ọmụmụ ya na-arụrịta ụka banyere nsogbu enweghị ebe obibi na America. Ọrụ a kacha mara ya bụ "Down and Out in America: Origins of Homelessness" (Mahadum Chicago, 1989). N'ime nyocha a, ọ kọwapụtara mgbanwe nke ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi nke mba ahụ site na ndị agadi nwoke ọcha na-agụghị akwụkwọ nke ahịrị skid mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị ruo n'ìgwè dị obere, nke buru ibu nke gụnyere ọtụtụ ndị inyom, ụmụaka na ndị nta. N'ime nyocha nke a, o mere mgbalị nhazi mbụ iji gụọ ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi, n'ikpeazụ na-achọpụta ọnụọgụ dị ntakịrị karịa nke ndị na-akwado ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi kwuru. Ọ chọpụtara na enweghị ebe obibi bụ nke na-adịru nwa oge kama ịbụ nsogbu na-adịgide adịgide, ya mere, na obere ntinye nke enyemaka nwere ike ime nnukwu mgbanwe.

Edere ọrụ ya lekwasịrị anya na mmemme nri etiti n'akwụkwọ ya Feeding the Poor: Assessing Federal Food Programs .  Ọrụ ya n'ịtụle njọ njọ nke mpụ site na nsogbu nke nsogbu America (Mkpebi Ọha na ikpe ikpe Federal Criminals na ozi: Ntuziaka ikpe na echiche ọha na-atụnyere) emetụtala US Sentencing Commission.  Mgbakọ ya n'ịlele usoro nsogbu na eze na mmemme amị nwere ike dị ukwuu </link> na Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan na ndị na-eme ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpọ ya

Rossi nwụrụ October 7, 2006, na Amherst, Massachusetts

Nlereanya nyocha ngalaba ise

N'ọgwụgwụ 1970s, Peter Rossi site n'enyemaka nke ndị ọrụ ibe ya Mark W. Lipsey & Howard E Freeman mepụtara ihe nlere anya nke a na-akpọ Model Ise-Domain Evaluation Model. N'ụdị a, nlebanya ọ bụla kwesịrị ka emebere ya ka ọ dabara akụrụngwa, mkpa mpaghara na ụdị mmemme. Nke a na-agụnye ịhazi ajụjụ nyocha, ụzọ na usoro, yana ọdịdị mmekọrịta onye nyocha na ndị otu. N'anya Rossi, ajụjụ nyocha bụ isi ebe nyocha ndị ọzọ na-esite na ya.

Ụdị nlele ngalaba ise na-akọwapụta ngalaba nyocha isi ise:

1. Achọrọ ntule nke mmemme
2. Nhazi nke mmemme
3. Mmejuputa mmemme na ntule nnyefe ọrụ
4. Mmetụta mmemme ma ọ bụ ntule nsonaazụ
5. Ntụle arụmọrụ mmemme