Philip Simmons
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| aha enyere | Philip |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Simmons |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 9 Jụn 1912 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Daniel Island |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 22 Jụn 2009 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Charleston |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | artisan, blacksmith |
| Archive na | Avery Research Center for African American History and Culture |
Philip Simmons (ubochí itoolu n'ọnwa Juun, 1912 rụo ụbọchị irí abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Juun, 2009) bụ ónyé America na-arụ ọrụ áká na onye na-akpụ ihe na-ahụ màkà ọrụ ígwè. Simmons nọrọ afọ iri asaá na asatọ dị ka ónyé na-akpụ ihe, na-elekwasị anya n'ọrụ ígwè ịchọ mma.[1] Mgbè ọ malitere ọrụ ya, ndị na-akpụ ihe na Charleston mere ihe ndị dị mfe, ihe ndị dị n'ụlọ kwa ụbọchị, dị ka akpụkpọ ịnyịnya.[1] Ka ọ na-erule ógè ọ lara ezumike nká afọ iri asaa na asaa ka e mesịrị, a na-ewere ọrụ ahụ dị ka ụdị nka kama ịbụ ọrụ bara uru.[1]
Enwere ike ịhụ ihe atụ nke ọrụ Simmons, gụnyere ọnụ ụzọ ámá ígwè, n'ọbọdọ Charleston, South Carolina, yana mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke South Carolina Lowcountry.[1] A na-egosipụta ihe osise ya na Smithsonian Museum, South Carolina State Museum, Paris, France, na China.[1]
Akụkọ ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Philip Simmons n'ubochí itoolu n'ọnwa Juun, 1912, na Daniel Island, South Carolina.[2] Ọ bụ nné na nnà ya zụlitere ya, tupu e zigara ya Charleston na 1920 ka ya na nné ya biri mgbè ọ dị afọ asatọ.[1][2] Simmons biri na Vernon Street ma banye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na Buist Elementary School, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Buist Academy.[2] Ka ógè na-aga na ndụ ya, Simmons ga-emepụta ma mepụta ogidi ígwè nke guzo ugbu a n'elu ọnụ ụzọ mbata ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.[1]
Simmons malitere inwe mmasị na ndị ọrụ aka bi n'ógbè ya, n'oge na-adịghịkwa ányá ọ malitere ileta ụlọ ọrụ dị ichè ichè dị nso n'ụlọ ya. Karịsịa, Simmons malitere inwe mmasị na ónyé na-arụ ọrụ na Charlotte Street nke Peter Simmons na-achị, onye na-enweghị njikọ Philip.[1] Philip Simmons hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge na-adịghị ányá wee malite mmụta na Peter Simmons, ónyé bụbu ohu, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na àtó.[1] Ọ ghọrọ onye na-akpụ ihe zuru oke mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ afọ ise.[1]
E mepụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya n'ụlọ ya na Blake Street.
Nkwado
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]John Michael Vlach, ónyé édémédé na prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ America na Mahadum George Washington, dèrè akụkọ ndụ Simmons na ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ 1981 akpọrọ Charleston Blacksmith: The Work of Philips Simmons .[3] E wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ ọzọ dị ka mbipụta nke abụọ, nke emelitere afọ iri na otu ka e mesịrị.[1] N'otu édémédé dị íchè a kpọrọ, "The Buildings of Charleston," Vlach mechara dee banyere ọrụ Simmons, "Na mbido ọrụ ya ọ natara iwu; ugbu a ọ na-enye ha...N'etiti azụmahịa oge ya na ọbụna mgbe ọ na-echekwa ọdịdị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Charleston, ọ ka bụ nwoke nke ya. Ọ chọtara ngosipụta onwé ya na óménàlà ọbọdọ. "[1]
National Endowment for the Arts nyere Simmons National Heritage Fellowship na 1982. N'oge okwu nnabata ya n'ememe ahụ, nke Simmons nyere mgbè otu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri gasịrị, Simmons kwuru, "Ngwá ọrụ m bụ anvil. Echere m na ụfọdụ n'ime unu anụla m ka m na-akpọ ... otu egwu na anvil, egwu ochie nke ónyé na-akpụ ihe. ... Enwere m obi ụtọ màkà ihe mgbochi ahụ, obi dị m ezigbo ụtọ. ... Anvil ahụ nyere m nri mgbè agụụ na-agụ m, anvil ahụ na-eyi m uwe mgbè m gba ọtọ. Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ahụ na-etinye akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'ụkwụ m".[1]
Ndụ o mesịrị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Simmons si n'ụlọ ya kwaga Bishop Gadsden Retirement Community na Charleston n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2008.[2] Ọ nwụrụ n'ebe ahụ na June 22, 2009, n'elekere itoolu nke ehihie mgbe ọ dị afọ iri itoolu na asaá.[2]
Ònyínyé na nsọpụrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Simmons bụ ónyé natara National Heritage Fellowship nkè 1982 nkè National Endowment for the Arts nyèrè, nke bụ nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke gọọmentị United States na nka ọdịnala na ọdịnala.[4] Mmekọrịta nke afọ ahụ bụ nke mbụ NEA nyere. N'ubochí irí àtó nà otu n'ọnwa Jenụwarị, 1994, a nabatara ya na South Carolina Hall of Fame.[2]
Gọvanọ South Carolina David Beasley nyèrè Order of the Palmetto, nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke steeti ahụ, na Simmons na 1998.[2] E mechara nye ya ònyínyé Elizabeth O'Neill Verner Governor's Award maka "Lifetime Achievement in the Arts" na Mee afọ 2001.[2] Ndị omeiwu South Carolina kwanyeere ya ugwu màkà ọrụ ya.[2]
Ndepụta nke ònyínyé
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- 1982, National Endowment for the Arts, National Heritage Fellowship
- 1982, Lifetime Achievement Award, South Carolina General Assembly maka "ihe omume ndụ" na ọrụ maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ọha na eze site na South Carolina State Museum na obodo Charleston
- 1994, South Carolina Hall of Fame, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
- 1998, Order of the Palmetto, ihe nrite kachasị elu nke ndị nkịtị nyere na South Carolina, site n'aka Gọvanọ David Beasley
- 2001, Elizabeth O'Neill Verner Gọvanọ Award maka "Lifetime Achievement in the Arts"
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Behre. "Artist in iron dies", The Post and Courier, June 23, 2009. Retrieved on 2009-07-13.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "Charleston blacksmith Philip Simmons dies at age 97", WCBD, June 23, 2009. Retrieved on 2009-07-13.
- ↑ Vlach (1981). Charleston Blacksmith: The Work of Philips Simmons. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press. ISBN 9780820305332. OCLC 6379133.
- ↑ NEA National Heritage Fellowships 1982. www.arts.gov. National Endowment for the Arts. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved on November 22, 2020.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Onyinye Mba maka Nkà Mmụta Ndụ
- Ndepụta sitere na Charleston Area Convention & Visitor Bureau
- David Flander Productions
- Nchịkọta Philip Simmons na Avery Research Center for African American History and Culture