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Regina Twala

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Regina Gelana Twala (1908), bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị, onye edemede, onye nchọpụta, onye na-ezisa ozi ọma, na onye ndú nnwere onwe n'ihe bụ eSwatini ugbu a.

Mgbe ọ ghọsịrị nwanyị ojii mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand, Twala ghọrọ onye nchọpụta na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na-enyere aka ịmepụta Swaziland Progressive Party. Ọ bụkwa naanị nwanyị na-azọ oche na Kansụl Iwu mbụ nke Swaziland na 1964.

Akụkọ ndụ

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A mụrụ Regina Twala na 1908, n'ezinụlọ Zulu.[1][2][3]

N'afọ 1948, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand na Johannesburg.[4] Mgbe ahụ, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum, ebe thesis ya lekwasịrị anya na beadwork Africa.[5][6]

Ọ ghọrọ onye nchọpụta na-arụpụta ihe, ọkachasị na nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị na omenala obodo na ndịda Afrịka.[3][4][7][8] O guzobekwara ọbá akwụkwọ kpọmkwem maka ụmụ nwanyị.[4]

Dị ka onye edemede, Twala nyere aka na kọlụm akwụkwọ akụkọ n'ọtụtụ mbipụta na Swaziland, gụnyere Umteteli Wa Bantu na Izwi lama Swazi.[1][4] Ọ na-ede ugboro ugboro n'okpuru aha nzuzo, gụnyere Mademoiselle, Gelana, RD Twala, Reggie, na Sister Kollie.[9] Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ hapụrụ akwụkwọ anọ a na-ebipụtaghị.[1][4]

Twala bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ n'Afrịka na onye ndú nnwere onwe, na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ihe omume na-emegide ọchịchị.[4]

Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya gụnyere na 1960 na-akwado ntọala Swaziland Progressive Party, nke ọ bụ onye nwere mmetụta.[4][10][11]

Ọ bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa onye omeiwu mbụ nke Swaziland na ntuli aka Swazi nke afọ 1964, na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye nweere onwe ya na mpaghara Manzini.[12][10] Twala bụ naanị nwanyị a họpụtara na ntuli aka ahụ.[13] O nwetaghị oche.[10][14]

Na mgbakwunye, Twala bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ nke ofufe Pentikọstal na mpaghara ahụ, onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'òtù Ndị Kraịst na-ekwusa ozi ọma.[4][15] A na-eto ya maka iwebata Assemblies of God denomination na mpaghara nke bụ ugbu a eSwatini.[11]

Ọ lụrụ di mbụ ya, Percy Kumalo, na 1936.[5] N'afọ 1939, mgbe ha abụọ gbara alụkwaghịm, ọ lụrụ onye ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze Dan Twala, onye ghọrọ onye na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'ọrụ ya.[1][16][17] Di na nwunye ahụ bụ ezigbo enyi Nelson Mandela na Winnie Madikizela-Mandela.[4]

Twala nwụrụ na 1968, otu ọnwa tupu Swaziland enwee nnwere onwe.[4][11]

Njikọ mpụga

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Ebensidee

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 A Virtual Summer: CESTA 2020 Research Anthology. Center for Spatial and Textual Analysis (CESTA) at Stanford University (2020). Archived from the original on 2021-01-30. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  2. ↑ "Love Letters in Beads", The Times-Tribune, 1954-04-26.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 INS. "African Girls Sent Boy Friends Love Letters In Varied Forms of Bead Talk", Palladium-Item, 1954-03-15.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 Feder (2020-02-24). Stanford historian’s high school research transformed her life (en). Stanford News. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Certificates and Publications Gallery (en). Visible Bodies. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  6. ↑ Reynolds, Pamela, 1944- (1989). Childhood in Crossroads : cognition and society in South Africa. Cape Town: D. Philip. ISBN 0-86486-117-6. OCLC 21385348. 
  7. ↑ (2004) Symmetry comes of age : the role of pattern in culture, Washburn, Dorothy Koster., Crowe, Donald W. (Donald Warren), 1927-, Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-98366-3. OCLC 52418067. 
  8. ↑ Ben-Amos (1989). "African Visual Arts from a Social Perspective". African Studies Review 32 (2): 1–53. DOI:10.2307/523969. ISSN 0002-0206. 
  9. ↑ Regina Twala (en). Visible Bodies. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 POTHOLM, CHRISTIAN P. (2021). SWAZILAND : the dynamics of political modernization.. [S.l.]: UNIV OF CALIFORNIA PRESS. ISBN 0-520-36224-1. OCLC 1153633499. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Joel Cabrita. Stanford Global Studies. Archived from the original on 2021-02-06. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  12. ↑ "58 Candidates Nominated for Elections", News From Swaziland, 1964-05-20. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  13. ↑ Dlamini (2007). "Shadows of Apartheid: Racial Discrimination and its Persistence, 1964-1973", Legal Abolition of Racial Discrimination and its Aftermath: The Case of Swaziland, 1945-1973. University of Witwatersrand. 
  14. ↑ Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Dieter Nohlen & Klaus Landfried (1978) Die Wahl der Parlamente: Band II: Afrika, Zweiter Halbband, pp. 2120−2121
  15. ↑ Writing World Christianity: Bengt Sundkler, Titus Mthembu and the Politics of Knowledge Production in Apartheid-era South Africa (en). University Post (2020-02-27). Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
  16. ↑ Erlmann, Veit. (1996). Nightsong : performance, power, and practice in South Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-21720-5. OCLC 31867970. 
  17. ↑ Dan Twala (en). Visible Bodies. Retrieved on 2021-01-28.
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