Solomon Mutswairo
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Zimbabwe |
| Aha enyere | Solomon |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 26 Eprel 1924 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Zimbabwe |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | Novemba 2005 |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | odee uri, prose writer |
| onye were ọrụ | University of Zimbabwe |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Howard University |
Solomon Mangwiro Mutswairo, onye a na-akpọkwa Mutsvairo (26 Eprel 1924 - Nọvemba 2005), bụ onye Zimbabwean na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ na onye na-ede uri. Onye otu ndị Zezuru no na etiti Zimbabwe, o dere akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ n'Asụsụ Shona, Feso.
N'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya, Mutswairo bụ onye dị mkpa na agụmakwụkwọ na ọdịbendị Zimbabwe. Ọ bụ onye mbụ a kpọrọ 'Writer-in-Residence' na Mahadum nke Zimbabwe, ọ bụkwa Onye isi oche nke 'National Arts Council of Zimbabwe' n'oge ngwụcha afọ 1990. Mutswairo dere ederede maka "Simudzai mureza weZimbabwe", ukwe mba Zimbabwe.
Enyemaka ndị e dere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Feso, nke e bipụtara na Zezuru n'afọ 1957 mgbe Zimbabwe ka bụ mpaghara nke Southern Rhodesia, bụ akụkọ nwere mmetụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị nke e debere ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga, tupu ọchịchị. E wezụga iji asụsụ 'Shona' n'onwe ya, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị na omenaala ọdịnaala 'Zezuru', gụnyere abụ na usoro ịkọ akụkọ.[1] N'agbanyeghị njikọ Mutswairo na obere ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ nkọ na mba ahụ, a na-agụkarị Feso, ọbụnakwa na-akụzi ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ruo mgbe gọọmentị Rhodesian machibidoro ya n'etiti afọ 1960.[2]
Mutswairo malitere ịmụ ihe na mba United States na mbido afọ 1960, na mbụ site na enyemaka Fulbright. O mechara nweta Ph.D. ya na Mahadum Howard n'afọ 1978, ya na edemede doctoral akpọrọ 'Oral Literature in Zimbabwe: 'An Analytico-Interpretive Approach' . Ọ bụ ezie na nchọpụta ya na omenaala okwu Zimbabwe abaara uru maka ndị ọkà mmụta Afrịka na ndị Ọdịda Anyanwụ, [3] a na-ewere ya dị ka onye na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na mba nke ya. Ọ mere esemokwu n'etiti ụfọdụ mmadụ site n'ịrụ ụka, n'usoro arụmụka ihe onyonyo, na a ga-akpọ ndị Shona "Mbire".[4]
Ka oge na-aga, Mutswairo dere uri na okwu n'asụsụ Bekee. E dere akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme abụọ ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, banyere onye na-akwado nnwere onwe na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu Kadungure Mapondera na Chaminuka, onye amamihe sitere na akụkọ ọdịnala Zimbabwe, n'asụsụ Bekee, na uri Bekee ya yiri nke ahụ. Na "The Picture of Nahanda and Kagubi", Mutswairo na-akwa arịrị maka ọdịnihu nke Nehanda Nyakasikana, nwanyị e gburu mgbe ọ kpaliri ọgụ maka nnwere onwe na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu:
- N'ihi gịnị, ugbu a, Nehanda Nyakasikana, Ị na-emechi anya gị, Mufakose, Na ihu gị dị nro ma anya gị na-ele anya n'ala - na-ebu ibu na anya mmiri
. . .[5]
Mutswairo kọwara na uri Bekee na-emetụta uri ya karịa, na mita ya, ebe uri ọdịnaala 'Shona', nke dabere na ikwughachi ugboro ugboro na-enwekarị ụzọ ya n'ime akụkọ ya.[6] Ebe ọ bụ na ọ sụgharịrị ọrụ nke ya n'akụkụ abụọ ahụ, ọ nwetara mmetụta dị oke egwu nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ha abụọ. Ọ chọtara, ma ọ na-ekwu, ụzọ ndị doro anya nke na-esi n'otu gaa na nke ọzọ, ọbụlagodi na ha na-agbagha ntụgharị okwu n'okwu mgbe ụfọdụ:
- Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwu amamihe dị ka Chauinacho batisisa midzimu haipe kaviri: "Ihe ị nwere, jide ya ngwa ngwa n'ihi na ndị nna nna agaghị enye gị ya ọzọ. "Ọ bụrụ na ị dere ya n'ụzọ m na-ekwu ya ugbu a, ọ gaghị abụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya. Ikekwe ọ ga-aka mma ikwu, "Nnụnụ nọ n'aka ya ruru abụọ n'ime ọhịa. " Nke a enyewo gị ọrụ dị iche iche ọ bụ ezie na echiche ahụ bụ otu. Ya mere, e nwere ọtụtụ okwu ndị dị otú ahụ na-abụghị otu, mana n'ụzọ ụfọdụ ị nwere ike inweta ihe yiri ya.[6]
Ọrụ ndị dị mkpa n'asụsụ Bekee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ọkpụkpụ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
- Zimbabwe: Prose and Poetry (dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye na-enye aka). Washington: Atọ Kọntinent, 1974.
- Mapondera, Onye Agha nke Zimbabwe. Washington: Atọ Kọntinent, 1978.
- Chaminuka, onye amụma nke Zimbabwe. Washington: Atọ Kọntinent, 1983.
- Nkwupụta maka ọdịbendị Shona. Zimbabwe: Juta Zimbabwe, 1996.
Ihe edeturu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ D. Burgess, 453.
- ↑ M. E. Burgess, 613.
- ↑ Bessant 46n.
- ↑ Chimhundu, 89.
- ↑ Quoted in Ranger, 127.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Williams, 36–44.
Ebensidee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Bessant, Leslie "Abụ nke Chiweshe na Abụ nke Zimbabwe". African Affairs, Vol. Nke 370. (1994), 43–73.
- Burgess, Don. "Three Continents Press: A Blazer of Trails". Journal of Black Studies, Vol. Nke 4. (1982), 451–456.
- Burgess, Maazị Elaine "Ethnic Scale and Intensity: The Zimbabwean Experience". [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nke 3. (1981), 601–626.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ndị ozi ala ọzọ mbụ na Ethnolinguistic Factor n'oge 'Invention of Tribalism' na Zimbabwe". The Journal of African History, Vol. Nke 1. (1992), 87–109.
- Ranger, Terence "Ndị na African Resistance: A Review". Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 4, Nke 1, (1977), 125-146.
- Williams, Angela A. "Mother Tongue: Ajụjụ ọnụ na Musaemura B. Zimunya na Solomon Mutswairo", The Journal of African Travel-Writing, Number 4 (1998), 36-44. Ụdị dị n'ịntanetị.