Theodore Czebotar
Theodore "Ted" Czebotar
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| Amụrụ | Thaddeus Czebotar </br> Ọnwa Iri 28, 1915 </br> Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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| Nwụrụ | July 28, 1996 mgbe ọ dị afọ 80 </br> Fishkill, New York
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| Obodo | Polish American |
| Ụdị | Ezigbo Modernism |
| Ntughari | Regionalism |
| Nwunye | Elizabeth “Els” Snapper (1917–1996) m. Ọnwa Mbụ 9, 1952 |
Theodore "Ted" Czebotar (October 28, 1915, Milwaukee, Wisconsin - Julaị 28, 1996, Fishkill, New York) bụ onye na-ese ihe na mpaghara America na-arụ ọrụ na Wisconsin na New York na etiti afọ nke 20. [1]
Ndụ mbido[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A Mased Czebotar Thaddeus na Milwaukee, Wisconsin, na Ɔktoba 28, 1915, nye nne na nna mbata na Poland John Czebotar na Stella Sienkiewicz. Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ a nwanna, ma di na nke ahụ ga-amụba ụmụ nwoke isii na ụmụ abụọ. [1] Ezin ahụ ahụ kwagara ọtụtụ oge, na-aga site n'obodo gaa n'ugbo na azụ ọzọ, mechaa biri na Racine, Wisconsin . [2] : 33-34
N'afọ 1933, John Dillinger mgbasa na bathtub nke Czebotar tupu ya ezuo ụlọ akụ America na ekele obi na ogbe ndịda Racine. Dillinger nwere njikọ na Whitey Czebotar, nwanne Ted nkata ya. [2] [3] : 40
Czebotar ụlọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na 1934, mgbe ya na onye nkụzi ya na-akpa ike bụ Helen Sawyer dasasịrị. [1] : 43 Ɔ mapụrụ ụgbọ ala igbe na-aga ike wee zute enyi ya Charles "Chuk" Lange na Spokane . Di na ahụ́ ahụ gara n'ụka nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè ahụ site n'ịgba ụgbọ okporo ụzọ, laa azụ n'obodo ha na March 1935. [1] : 45–48
Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mgbe Czebotar la alụkwaghịm na Racine, ọ pụtara iziga cartoons na New Yorker, ma mgbe ọ nwetara akwụkwọ ozi akwụkwọ, Czebotar akwụkwọ akụkọ ụgbọ oloko ọzọ n'ebe Iche wee gaa Denver . N'ebe a, o biri n'ogige hobo ụnwanyị, tupu ya emee enyi Paschal Quackenbush. Quackenbush nọ na-ese foto n'iche nsogbu na Denver site na WPA, wee were Czebotar were bụrụ onye isi ya na ọrụ ahụ. [1] : 48–49 Site na njikọ a,Czebotar nwere ike onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Baker Federal Theater na Denver, ọrụ WPA ọzọ, na Jenụwarị 1936, wee gbazite "Rock House" na Rocky Mountains site na Quackenbush dị ka ibi na studio n'oge eze ahụ. [1] : 49, 53–54 Czebotar kwagara San Francisco na Lange na njedebe 1936, ebe di na ozi mere enyi onye edemede William Saroyan . Czebotar rere na ihe ọrụ n'ime akwụkwọ ahụ iji nyere aka ịgafe. [1] : 57-58, 60
Czebotar ahụ nke ukwuu n'ihe ike ụgbọ ala na 1937, ihe onye dina n'àkwà. Ọ la n'iche na Racine wee chepụta ma see odida obodo ahụ, na mgbakwunye na-egosi ihe osise o mere na njem ya na West. [1] Mgbe ọ gbakere, Czebotar weere ọrụ ya na onye na-ese ihe nkiri John Steuart Curry maka nyọcha. Ọ zutere Curry na ihe ngosi nka na Milwaukee Art Institute na February 1937. Curry gbara Czebotar ume ọkụga New York, na-ede akwụkwọ ozi mmeghe nye onye na-ere ya na onye ụdị anya Maynard Walker maka Czebotar site ọ rutere n'obodo ahụ [3] : 78–79
Walker weghaara Czebotar ụzọ, na-ere ihe osise ya ole na ole, ma nye Czebotar ihe ngosi otu nwoke mbụ na gallery Walker site na Disemba 20, 1937 - January 8, 1938. A na-eto ihe ngosi ahụ n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ. Pakistan New York, New York Times na New Yorker, na egwuregwu mee njem iji gosi na Milwaukee Art Institute, emesịa gaa Hollywood, California. Czebotar rere ọtụtụ ọrụ dị ndị dị na ihe ngosi ahụ, yana ihe akwụkwọ ndị nchịkọta 40 dị iche iche na veranda dị opekata mpe otu. [1] : 88–90 A ga-nyokiri anya Czebotar n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ na gburugburu New York City ruo n'afọ 1938 ikenụ. [1] : 90-93
N'agbanyeghị ihe ịga nke ọma ya na New York, Czebotar hapụrụ obodo ahụ wee laghachi na Racine n'oge okpomọkụ ahụ, mechara soro enyi ya ochie Lange gaa New Orleans n'oge ọdịda 1938. Ọ ga-eme njem n'etiti obodo maka afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, na-eji ebe dị iche iche na ndị mmadụ dị ka mkpali maka nka ya. [3] : 94–100 Walker gara n'ihu igosi ọrụ Czebotar na ihe ngosi ọ haziri n'ofe mba ahụ, site na California ruo New York na Boston. [3] : 97–105
1941 mechara hụ Czebotar la mfe na New York, kewara oge ya n'etiti Obodo na Racine n'afọ ahụ. O nwere ihe ngosi nke abụọ nke otu nwoke na gallery Walker na March 1941, yana onye ọzọ na New Orleans nke Pizza ihe 40 agba mmiri. [1]: 107–110 Walker mechiri gallery ya mgbe e ịhụ na 1941, maka oge Agha ọgụ nke ndị, ma Czebotar nzubela ime enyi nke ndị enyi na obodo, ụlọ Don na Lydia Freeman, Al Hirschfeld, na enyi ochie William Saroyan . [1] : 108–113 Na Racine,Czebotar na ihe ngosi mmeghe na ọhụrụ Wustum Museum of Fine Art, na ihe nkiri, otu klas n'ebe ahụ na-egosi 1942. [1] : 124&125, 133
Czebotar la mgbanaka New York na-adịgide na-egosi 1942. N'agbanyeghị na ọ dịghị chi ọ blea na- man ọrụ ya n'ihi agha ahụ, o-ere na-agbasawanye ndị enyi ya. Ọ bụ site na nke a ka ọ zutere Elizabeth "Els" Snapper, onye Dutch kwabatara na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ okpu, na di na njikọ na-alụ di na na 1943. [1] : 140–162 Mgbe e debanyere enyi na onye na-ese ihe bụ Joe Jones na ọrụ ahụ, di na egosi ahụ kwagara n'ime "shack" ya na Fishkill, New York, ka Czebotar le akoso anya na nkà ya. [1] : 162–166 Di na izi ahụ ga-eji oge ha niile biri ebe ahụ..
N'agbanyeghị mbọ niile Els gbara iji nwetakwuo ihe ngosi maka ya, mgbe 1943 gasịrị, Czebotar nwere afọ ojuju ịnọrọ naanị na Fishkill wee mepụta ọtụtụ ọrụ. [3] : 167 Ego ezinụlọ Snapper kwadoro di na nwunye ahụ n'ihi na ọ dịghị obere ego na-enweta site na nka. [3] : 178 Czebotar nwere ihe ngosi dị na American British Art Center (ABAC) site na Jenụwarị 3–13, 1945, ọ nweghịkwa obi ụtọ ịhapụ Fishkill maka ya. [3] : 186–189
Czebotar ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi ngosi na ole dị iche iche na New York na Chicago n'ime afọ sochirinụ, ndị na-egosi nwoke ọzọ na ABAC February 17 - Machị 8, 1947. N'ọgwụgwụ 1940s, ọ bịara nwee nkụda ikike. maka ụwa nka azụmahịa, na- ngwaọrụ na ọ ga-ese ihe na-amasị ya n'agbanyeghị ihe nwere ike ire. Czebotar akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ na ngosi ikpeazụ ya na 1957, na ihe ngosi iri abụọ na ise nke Biennial nke Contemporary American Oil Painting na Corcoran Gallery of Art na Washington, DC [1] : 226–242
Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Czebotar ntọala afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na nri ya Els na-eme njem na kọntinent United States, na-esepụta ihe ka ọ na-aga. Ebe kachan ya bụ Southwest na Pacific Northwest, ji Olimpik Peninsula . Ọ ga-eweghachite ihe ndị ọrụ ya na Fishkill, ebe ọ ga-agbasawanye na ha nke ukwuu na ike, pastel, na agba mmiri. [1] Els na-ele ihe ngosi ya, ọ ga-ahụkwa foto ya ọtụtụ afọ n'ime afọ.
O nwekwara nne nwanyị ole na ole n'ime afọ ya, gụnyere Louise Sokowski, onye Els mekwara enyi. [3] : 278, 285
Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1990, Czebotar na-emepụta naanị oge ụfọdụ, mana ọ kaghị akụkụ ya. Ọ nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa na-adịghị mma n'ụlọ ya na Fishkill na July 28, 1996, mgbe ọ dị afọ 80, nanị ọnwa ole na ole ka Els gasịrị. [3] : 291, 296
Njirimara na echiche[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A ma ama Czebotar siri ike ịrụ ọrụ na ya, na-ejikarị àkwà mmiri ọkụ na ndị a ma ama na ụwa nka. Tupu ihe ngosi otu nwoke mbụ ya na New York, Czebotar degara John Steuart Curry akwụkwọ ozi na-agwa ya ohere ahụ. Mmekọrịta ha abụghị otu ka Curry chere na Czebotar emeghị ya ekele nke ọma maka iwebata Czebotar na Maynard Walker. [3] : 82–83 Walker sokwa onye na-ese ihe na-alụ ọgụ, na-edegara Curry akwụkwọ, sị: "Dịka ị na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye na-enweghị isi na ọ na-esiri ike iso ndị dị otú ahụ na-emekọrịta ihe." [3] : 83
Ụfọdụ ndị na-elekwa Czebotar anya dị ka onye na-amaghị nwoke na nwanyị. Ajụrụ ya ka ọ kọwaa nkọwa o kwuru na-ekwu na ụmụ nwanyị enweghị ike ịse, ọ kọwara na ya chere na ụwa nka na-achọkwa ụmụ nwanyị. O dere, sị, "Nwanyị nwere ike ịgba égbè nakwa nwoke ma agha bụ obere egwuregwu nwoke. Ihe osise, ikekwe, bụ obere egwuregwu nwoke, n'agbanyeghị otú o si eme ya." [3] : 196–197
Na-arụ ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A na-anya ihe osise nke Czebotar na nchịkọta dị iche iche Museum of Wisconsin Art, Racine Art Museum, na Miller Art Museum.. [4]
- Main Street na Midwest
- Central Park n'ehihie
- Ọmụmụ nke Els (1942)
- Giant Saguaro (1947)
- Onye na-arịọ arịrịọ
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Biography | Theodore Czebotar (en-US). Retrieved on 2021-12-27.
- ↑ RACINE COUNTY AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD (en). Racine Heritage Museum. Retrieved on 2021-12-27.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 Hamilton (2015). Hidden treasure : the life and art of Theodore Czebotar. ISBN 978-0-9835174-9-8. OCLC 914866947. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Ted Czebotar » Kohler Foundation Inc.. www.kohlerfoundation.org. Retrieved on 2021-12-27.