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Theodore S. Clerk

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Theodore Shealtiel Clerk, ARIBA, AMTPI, PGIA</link> (4 September 1909 - 1965) [1] bụ onye na-eme ememe obodo na Gold Coast na onye mbụ ụlọ azụ nke ọma, onye Ghana nyere ikike nke ọma .  [2] [3] N'inweta ozizi izizi ole na ole n'oge ndụ ya, Theodore Clerk ụgha onye isi na-ese ụlọ, onye na-eme akwụkwọ obodo, onye na onye mụrụ Tema nke bụ obodo ukwu nke ọdụ nke  ụgbọ mmiri Tema, ụgbọ mmiri mmiri na Ghana.  [2] [4] Onye isi ọrụ mbụ (CEO) nke Ghanaian parastatal, [5] Tema Development Corporation yana onye onye isi ala Ghana mbụ Onye isi ala Ghana Kwame Nkrumah, TS Clerk bụ onye nna na onye isi ala mbụ nke ọkwa  mbụ.  -onwe, ụmụ amaala kpamkpam na ndị dị Ghana na-achị onwe ya, Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA), nke ngosi ya na 1963. [6] [7] Ọ bụkwa onye mmekọ nke Royal Institute of British Architects na Royal Town  Ụlọ ọrụ nhazi [1] [2]

Ndụ mmalite na ezinụlọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  A Washington Clerk na Larteh na ugwu Akuapem na 4 September 1909, [1] [2] ebe nna ya, Nicholas Timothy Clerk (1862 – 1961) debere dị ka onye mgbasa ozi Basel n'oge ahụ.  [3] [4] Nna ya, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ Basel, bụ onye nwe Synod mbụ nke mbụ Presbyterian nke Gold Coast site na 1918 ruo 1932. [5] NT Clerk bụ nna ụlọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwoke niile, Presbyterian  Boys' Secondary School hiwere na 1938. [6] [7] Nne ya, Anna Alice Meyer (1873 – 1934) sitere na Ga-Danish . [3] [4]

Nna nna ya, Alexander Worthy Clerk (1820 - 1906), onye ozi ala ọzọ Moravian nke Jamaica rutere na Danish Protectorate of Christiansborg (nke dị ugbu a na Osu ) na 1843, dị ka nke mbụ nke 24 West India ndị ozi ala ọzọ.  onye ọrụ n'okpuru.  nke Basel Evangelical Missionary Society of Basel, Switzerland .  [1] [2] AW Clerk bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ nke Presbyterian Church nke Ghana na onye ndu na njikọ na colonial Ghana, na-ejebe ụlọ akwụkwọ etiti, akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Salem na 1843. [3] Nne nne ya, Pauline Hesse (1831)  –1909) sitere na Gold Coast, bụrụ onye Danish, Ga na German .  [4] Nne nne Theodore Clerk bụ Regina Hesse (1832 –1898), onye nkuzi ọsụ ụzọ na onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ. [5]

TS Clerk nwere ajụjụ ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ onye otu faịlụ dị mkpa n'ibu ihe mere eme.  [1] Nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye, Carl Henry Clerk (1895 - 1982) bụ onye nchịkọta, onye nkuzi ọrụ ugbo na onye ụka nke jere ozi dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ Synod nke anọ nke Presbyterian Church nke Gold Coast site na 1950  ruo 1954 yana onye nchịkọta nke akwụkwọ ndị Christian Messenger.  n'etiti 1960 na 1963. [2] [3] [4] [5] N'ime ike ya mgbaàmà bụ Jane E. Clerk (1904 - 1999), onye na-ahụ maka nchọpụta na-asụ ụzọ yana Matilda Johanna.  Clerk (1916 - 1984) , keentay Ghana nke abụọ na-egosi Ghana mbụ n'ihi ọ llaa a ga-enye ya nzere nzere.  Harvard maka mahadum ná mba ọzọ. [6] [7] [8]

Mmụta na ọzụzụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

TS Clerk gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Basel Mission na Larteh Akuapem, ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwoke, Salem School dị na Osu wee akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Achimota College, dị ka onye otu n'ime akwụkwọ mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.  [1] [2] Ọ gụkwara nkuzi ịse nka ma ọ bụ nka n'ibu akwụkwọ injinịa Achimota College nke mgbe ahụ Charles Deakin kuziri ya.  [3] [4] Na Achimota, ndị otu Clerk egwu Kwame Nkrumah, onye isi ala Ghana mbụ, RP Baffour, Onye isi oche mbụ nke Mahadum Sayensị na Nkà na Ụzụ Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST) yana Charles Odamtten Easmon, ihe na-awa  Ghana mbụ. [9]

Onye bu akara akara akara akara akara akara ugo nhọrọ diplọma na architecture na Edinburgh College of Art, ndị na-agụ nke Mahadum Edinburgh ebe ọ gara site na Ọktoba 1938 ruo June 1943. [1] [2] Ihe nke nhọpụta ya maka aha na ndị ọzọ.  otu fim maka ụlọ na nhazi obodo na-egosi na ọ gụchara diploma na nhazi obodo na 1944. [2] A na-edebe akwụkwọ nhọpụta Theodore Clerk na Victoria na Albert Museum na London . [2]

N'ime oge Ista nke 1941, Clerk nọ na Manchester na nkuzi ezumike na mgbe e ịhụ n'oge ẹkọ ahụ na 1941, ọ ọrụ nha maka alaka ụlọ ọrụ Scotland nke National Buildings Records.  [1] N'oge akwụkwọ nke 1942, ọ Manuel ọrụ ụlọ ụlọ maka Ngalaba akụrụngwa maka Scotland . [2]

Theodore Clerk jụrụ ule etiti ahụ na June 1941 na ule ikpeazụ na June 1943, wee nabata ya dị ka onye otu (ARIBA) site na Royal Institute of British Architects na 1 October 1943, ya na Frank Charles Mears, Leslie Grahame Thomson na John Ross  McKay.  ihu dị ka ndị na-akwado ya.  [1] Ọzọkwa, onye nwe bụkwa onye mmekọ nke Royal Town Planning Institute (AMTPI). [2]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'oge nke nke 1943, Mpempe Akwụkwọ Royal Scottish nyere onye ikike Rutland Prize ;  ihe nrite nke mere ka mkparị ihe dị oke egwu na njem nlegharị anya nke ọdụ ihe owuwu dị na Garston na ụlọ egwuregwu nkenke dị na Princes Risborough, na mgbakwunye na ụlọ, ụlọ na ụgwọ obodo na London, Leeds, Liverpool na  Coventry. [2]

Ọ sonyeere Ngalaba Nhazi Obodo na Obodo na Accra na 1946 wee bufee ya n' ike ọrụ Sekondi site na 1948 ruo 1953. [1] [2] Ruo oge ụfọdụ, Clerk bụ naanị onye Ghana na-ese ụlọ na mba ahụ ma ikike  , otu n'ime ndị na-ese gub Ghana atɔ na njedebe 1950s.  [3] [4] [5] A họpụtala ya ka ọ bụrụ Chief Architect na Town Planner na parastatal, Tema Development Corporation site na 1954. [1] [6] Ka ọ na-erule 1960, ọ duruwo nhazi, onye obodo na  mgbaàmà nke obodo ụgbọ mmiri Tema mgbe mgbaàmà onwe ya, ọrụ nke onye isi ala Ghana mbụ, Kwame Nkrumah nyere ọrụ.  [7] [1] N'ime obodo atọ mbụ na Tema, Theodore Clerk duuru otu ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Bekee ka ha chepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ala, etiti etiti, ụlọ ọkọlọtọ, nke nwere ụlọ anọ n'ime ụlọ ise  ọ bla edobere maka ndị ọrụ na-ahụ ihe, ndị ọrụ, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na- ike ego na ụgbọ mmiri mmiri, bụ ndị.  nọ na-eche ụlọ ụlọ ihu n'oge ahụ.  [4] [5] Ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Britain bụ ndị ọrụ n'okpuru ụlọ bụ DC Robinson, D. Gillies-Reyburn, NR Holman, MJ Hirst, WD Ferguson, C. Kossack, G. Rochford, DB Duck  na HG Herbert.  [4] [5] [8] Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a na-ese Britain bụ ndị akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Architectural Association School of Architecture na London, bụ ebe ha gụchara akwụkwọ n'ime ụlọ ụlọ. [10]

TS Clerk mesịrị bụrụ onye isi mbụ mbụ (CEO) nke Tema Development Corporation mgbe iwu nke nzuko omeiwu, Tema Development Corporation Act anụ na 1963, na-eme ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere nsogbu.  [1] [1] [2] Theodore Clerk bụkwa onye nhụba nke obodo nke Ngalaba Architecture nke Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology ( KNUST ) [11]

N'oge ụfọdụ na 1963, otu ihe dị ka iri na ise na-ese ndị Britain na ndị America azụ Ghana gba eje kwalite omume ụlọ ụlọ, òtù na nzere ntozu site na otu ihe, Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA) dị ka  onye ga- Brit edo tupu akwụkwọ onwe.  Coast Society of Architects, otu ndị isi nke colonial maka ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ nke Gold Coast ntọala ntọala na August 1954. [1] [2] Ndị a na-ese ụlọ bụ TS Clerk, DK Dawson, JSK Frimpong, PNK  , Turkson, J. Owusu-Addo, OT Agyeman, AK Amartey, EK Asuako, WS Asamoah, M. Adu-Donkor, KG Kyei, C. Togobo, V. Adegbite, M. Adu Bedu na E. Kingsley Osei.  [1] [2] [3] akara, Disemba 11, 1964, elekere 8:30 pm, nraranye nke ozu ahụ mere na Mahadum Ghana, Legon, ebe a na-achọpụta TS Clerk ka ọ bụrụ Louise oche mbụ nke G hana Institute of Architects.  , mgbe nke ahụ, o kwuru okwu ikwu ya.  [1] [2] [4] Theodore Clerk dekwara akwụkwọ iwu mbụ nke Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ Maka Ọkpụ nke Ghana.  [4] TS Clerk jerebu ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke otu Gold Coast Society of Architects n'oge oge ọmụmụ Britain .  [2] Kwame Nkrumah mechara biri Theodore Clerk ka ọ bụrụ Marc oche Ghana dị ka onye adi ukwu.

Ndụ onwe onye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na 20 Maachị 1948, Theodore Clerk ngosi Paulina Quist, onye midwife sitere na Christianborg, Accra, na ọrịka Ebenezer Presbyterian, Osu .  [1] Quist bụ ada Emmanuel Charles Quist (1880 – 1959), onye ọka iwu na onye ọka ikpe nke ikpe onye isi ala Africa mbụ nke Council of Legislative Council site na 1949 ruo 1951, Ọkà Okwu nke National Assembly of the Gold Coast site  na 1951 ruo 1957, na Ọkà Okwu nke Mgbakọ Mba Ghana na-achị na Machị 1957 ruo Nọvemba 1957. [2] Onye bụ nke District Grand Lodge nke Ghana n'okpuru United Grand Lodge nke England .  TS Clerk bụ onye organist ma jeekwara ozi dịka Presbyter na Onye-isi-nduzi nke ọtụka Ebenezer Presbyterian, Osu [12]

Ọnwụ na ihe nketa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Onye iku gburu na 1965 maka nsogbu ndị ọrịa kansa awụ .  [1] Emere emume olili ozu TS Clerk n'iche ụka Ebenezer Presbyterian, Osu na ozu ya ka e liri na Accra's Osu Cemetery, nke a na-akpọbu Christianborg Civil Cemetery.  Gọọmenti Ghana gosiri okporo ụzọ dị na Tema, TS Clerk Street, n'etiti Akojo School Park na Tweduaase Primary School dị na Site 6 nke Community I, iji sọpụrụ ya, na ekele maka ọrụ ụzọ ya na Ghana [13]

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Ofori-Mensah. "22 Successful Ghanaians Who Went To Achimota School", OMGVoice. Retrieved on 2017-04-06. (in en)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Goold. Dictionary of Scottish Architects - DSA Architect Biography Report (April 6, 2017, 9:52 pm). www.scottisharchitects.org.uk. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017. Retrieved on 2017-04-06. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Debrunner (1965). Owura Nico, the Rev. Nicholas Timothy Clerk, 1862-1961: Pioneer and Church Leader. Accra: Waterville Publishing House. 
  4. ↑ Clerk, Nicholas Timothy, Ghana, Basel Mission. www.dacb.org. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved on 2017-04-06.
  5. ↑ Sill (2010). Encounters in Quest of Christian Womanhood: The Basel Mission in Pre- and Early Colonial Ghana (in en). BRILL. ISBN 978-9004188884. 
  6. ↑ Clerk (5 January 1985). Obituary: Dr. Matilda Johanna Clerk, MBChB, DTM&H. Accra: Presbyterian Church of Ghana Funeral Bulletin. 
  7. ↑ Patton (1996-04-13). Physicians, Colonial Racism, and Diaspora in West Africa, 1st (in en), University Press of Florida, 29. ISBN 9780813014326. 
  8. ↑ Joeden-Forgey (1997-08-01). Review of Patton, Adell Jr.., Physicians, Colonial Racism and Diaspora in West Africa (en). www.h-net.org. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved on 2017-04-06.
  9. ↑ Asante. "Voice from afar", Daily Graphic, 2 February 2009.
  10. ↑ Pioneer Ghanaian Architects: Theodore Shealtiel Clerk. www.design233.com. Retrieved on 2022-08-12.
  11. ↑ Intsiful. "Ghana news: In praise of pioneer architects - Graphic Online", Graphic Online. Retrieved on 2017-07-27. (in en-GB)
  12. ↑ Church Groups | OEPC. www.osueben-ezer.com. Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved on 2017-09-05.
  13. ↑ Administrator. Background of TDC (en-gb). tdctema.org. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017. Retrieved on 2017-04-06.
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