Tylosis (ihe ọkụkụ)
N'ime osisi ndị nwere osisi, tylosis (n'ọtụtụ: tyloses) bụ mkpụmkpụ dị ka ụfụfụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma n'ime lumen nke arịa ndị dị nso. Okwu tylosis na-akọwapụta usoro ahụike na mkpuchi na-esi na xylem nke osisi osisi dị ka nzaghachi maka mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ dị ka nchebe pụọ na ire ure na heartwood.[1] Ọ bụ usoro dị mkpa na mgbidi otu n'ime nkewa nke ire ure n'osisi (CODIT) na osisi ndị ọzọ.
Anatomy[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A na-ahụ ya na ngalaba n'okpuru microscope, tyloses na-apụta dị ka balloon-dị ka protrusions na-esite na axial paratracheal parenchyma cells n'ime xylem arịa site na oghere jikọtara ha abụọ. N'ụdị ụfọdụ, enwere ike inwe ihe mgbochi dị iche n'etiti tyloses na-esi n'olulu banye n'ime arịa, ebe ha nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mfe ịmata n'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ.[2]
Tyloses[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Tyloses bụ ihe na-etolite na mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma nke arịa xylem nke osisi nke abụọ. Mgbe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ ọrịa na-emetụta osisi ahụ, tyloses ga-esi n'akụkụ mkpụrụ ndụ daa ma "na-egbochi" anụ ahụ vascular iji gbochie mmebi ọzọ na osisi ahụ.
Tyloses nwere ike inye aka n'ime usoro nke ime ka osisi sapwood bụrụ osisi n'etiti osisi ụfọdụ siri ike, ọkachasị n'osisi nwere arịa buru ibu.[3] Enwere ike iji mgbochi ndị a na mgbakwunye na ihe mgbochi gum ozugbo arịa jupụtara na ikuku ikuku, ha na-enyekwa aka mepụta obi siri ike site na ibelata ọganihu nke ire ure.[3]
Ọrụ na nkewa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Tylosis n'ime arịa nke osisi ndị na-agbasa okooko na-egbochi mgbasa nke fungal hyphae na pathogens ndị ọzọ site na ibelata mgbasa ha kwụ ọtọ na ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ. Usoro yiri nke ahụ na-eme na gymnosperms, nke na-egbochi ịnweta tracheids site na imechi olulu ndị jikọtara ha na ibe ha.[4]
Arịa ndị a na-egbochi na-enyekwa nchebe megide mgbasa radial nke pathogens, na-egbolata mgbasa ha n'elu osisi ahụ. Nchebe siri ike na ókèala ebe mgbanaka kwa afọ na-ezute.
Ịdị irè nke ihe mgbochi ndị kwụ ọtọ na ndị kwụ ọtọ nwere mmetụta site na ọsọ nke ha na-eguzobe site na tyloses, na-adịkarị ngwa ngwa na osisi ndị dị mma.[4]
Ọrụ ọ na-arụ n'ịmepụta osisi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ka osisi na-etolite, cambium ya na-agbakwunye mmụba kwa afọ (ma ọ bụ mgbanaka) nke osisi ọhụrụ, na ọtụtụ ụdị osisi osisi ochie na-aga n'etiti osisi ahụ na-aghọ ihe na-adịchaghị mkpa maka usoro ahụike dị ka mmiri na njem nri, osisi ahụ na'agbanwekwa nke a ka ọ bụrụ osisi. Osisi obi a enweghị ihe nchebe na-arụ ọrụ megide ibute ọrịa, mana a na-echebe ya pụọ na ibute ọrịa na ire ure site na mgbochi nke arịa xylem na tyloses na ihe dị iche iche dị ka gums, resins na waxes nwere oke nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ikuku dị ka terpenes nke na-egbu egbu nye ụmụ ahụhụ na pathogens osisi dị ka nje na fungus. A na-emepụta ngwaahịa ndị a site na cambium ma buru ha gaa n'etiti ogwe osisi ahụ site na usoro mkpụrụ ndụ a na-akpọ medullary rays na-esi n'etiti etiti ogwe osisi wee banye na mkpụrụ ndụ paratracheal parenchyma dị ndụ.[5] Ka osisi ahụ na-aka nká, ihe dị n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma na-agbawa n'ime arịa nwụrụ anwụ site na olulu jikọtara ha abụọ. Mgbe ahụ, mkpụrụ ndụ parenchyma na-anwụ ka ihe dị n'ime ya na-abanye n'ime oghere efu nke arịa kpọrọ nkụ na ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ure dị irè, ọkachasị tannin, na-emepụta ma na-amịkọrọ ya na mgbidi arịa ndị dị n'akụkụ.
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Trees portal
Ebe e si nweta ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ MSN online dictionary. Archived from the original on 21 April 2010. Retrieved on 19 February 2010.
- ↑ Shigo (1991). Modern Arboriculture- A systems approach to the care of trees and their associates, third (2003), 56–57. ISBN 0943563097.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Peter Thomas (2000). Trees: their Natural History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 242–243. ISBN 978-0-521-45963-1.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Weber (2003). Manual of wood decays in trees. Romsey, Hampshire: The Arboricultural Association, 27–28. ISBN 0-900978-35-X. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Weber" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Page (1983). Forest, Planet Earth. Time-Life Books, Amsterdam. ISBN 0-7054-0752-7.