Ugwu Abram
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| Aha enyere | Abram |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Hill |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 20 Jenụwarị 1910 |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 13 Ọktoba 1986 |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | Odee akwụkwọ, odee ejije, onye mmebe ihe nkiri |
| onye were ọrụ | Federal Theatre Project |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | City College of New York, DeWitt Clinton High School, Lincoln University |
| Archive na | George Mason University Libraries Special Collections Research Center |
Abram Hill, nke a makwaara dị ka Ab Hill, (January 20, 1910 - Ọktoba 13, 1986) bụ onye America na-ede egwuregwu, onye dere On Strivers Row, Walk Hard, Talk Loud na ọtụtụ egwuregwu ndị ọzọ; na onye isi na mmepe nke ihe nkiri ojii si Atlanta, Georgia .
Ọ bụ ezie na a maara nke ọma maka akwụkwọ edemede ya On Strivers Row, ihe kachasị mkpa Hill rụzuru bụ akụkụ ya na ntọala American Negro Theater (ANT) n'akụkụ Frederick O'Neal, na ndị òtù McClendon Players . [1]
Akụkọ ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Afọ mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ Abram Hill na Atlanta, Georgia na Jenụwarị 20, 1910 ma nọrọ ebe ahụ ọkara nke nwata ya. Mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa ọ pụtara na Morehouse College Theatre mmepụta. Na 1925, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Harlem, New York, na mgbe ọ dị afọ 13 Hill gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị De Witt Clinton . Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ debanyere aha na City College of New York afọ abụọ ma mesịa gụchaa na BA na Mahadum Lincoln, Pennsylvania na 1937; tupu ọ gụchaa, ọ nwetara ọrụ na ihe nkiri na CCC ( Civilian Conservation Corps ), ebe ọ na-eduzi mmepụta na ndị ntorobịa nwoke. [2] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Theater Arts na Lincoln, ma mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, e goro ya dị ka onye inyeaka na ngalaba ihe nkiri mahadum. [3]
Hill laghachiri na New York ka otu afọ gachara wee sonye na Federal Theater Project dị ka onye na-agụ edemede. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na otu a, o dere egwuregwu ya na-ezu ohi Lightning na Hell's Half Acre . Ndị na-egwu Unity Player nke Bronx ga-emesị mepụta egwuregwu ndị a, bụ nke mechara nyere ya aka inweta akwụkwọ mmụta Theresa Helbrun na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọhụrụ maka Nnyocha Ọha na Ọha, na-amụ n'okpuru John Gassner na Erwin Piscator . [2] Ọrụ ya na-agụnyekarị egwuregwu ọgụgụ maka mmepụta. O dere ụfọdụ egwuregwu nke ya n'oge a, gụnyere On Strivers' Row, Walk Hard, na Liberty Deferred.
American Negro Ụlọ ihe nkiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'afọ 1939, e mechiri Ụlọ ihe nkiri Federal, na Hill jikọtara ya na Frederick O'Neal na otu ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe nkiri iji mepụta American Negro Theatre (ANT) na Harlem. Hill na O'Neal kwenyere na ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ isi ọ bụghị nanị na ọ nwere ohere ole na ole maka ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Black, kamakwa na ọ kwadoro mmekọrịta asọmpi n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe - onye ọ bụla na-agbalịsi ike ịbụ nanị "kpakpando". N'ụzọ dị iche, ANT nwere mmasị n'igosi obodo ojii ike nke ha, ebe ndị nduzi, ndị edemede, ndị ọkachamara na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri dịkwa mkpa. Ozi ha kwuru bụ: "ịkwatu ihe mgbochi nke Black na-ekere òkè na Ụlọ ihe nkiri ahụ; iji gosi ndụ Negro dị ka ha si hụ ya n'eziokwu; [na] iji mejupụta oghere nke Black Theater nke na-adịghị adị." Ha na-atụ anya ka ha guzobe ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ikpo okwu maka ndị na-ese ihe na-eme n'Africa-American nke ga-enye ohere na-adịghị adị maka ha na Broadway, na-emepụta ohere ịnweta ebe ha nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Na June 1940, ANT malitere mmalite dị mma, wee bụrụ otu n'ime ihe nkiri ojii a ma ama na nke na-aga nke ọma. Site na 1940 ruo 1950, ANT tinyere egwuregwu 20, ihe karịrị ọkara n'ime ha bụ ndị mbụ. N'ime afọ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ rụrụ ọrụ, mmadụ 50,000 gara egwuregwu ANT.
A gbara ajụjụ ọnụ obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, Hill chetara otú o si kpọbata ndị Harlem n'ime ụlọ ihe nkiri. "Anyị zipụrụ ụgbọ ala gbagoro na mgbada n'okporo ámá Harlem na onye na-akụ ịgbà .... Anyị na-ebufe akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ n'akụkụ okporo ámá. Anyị nwekwara abalị ezinụlọ. Anyị na-ahapụ mmadụ ise n'ime ezinụlọ anyị otu dollar."
Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị ANT na 1948, ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ abụọ dị ka onye isi, ya na ndị egwuregwu Mahadum Lincoln na mmalite 1950s, [4] yana onye nkuzi Bekee na ụlọ akwụkwọ New York. Abram Hill nwụrụ na Harlem mgbe ọ dị afọ 76 na 1986. [3]
Ihe nketa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Emeghere ihe ngosi nke akpọrọ The 75th Anniversary of the American Negro Theater na Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture na 2015. [5]
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
o dere egwuregwu ya na-ezu ohi Lightning na Hell's Half Acre . Ndị na-egwu Unity Player nke Bronx ga-emesị mepụta egwuregwu ndị a, bụ nke mechara nyere Pennsylvania na 1937 Bronx ga-emesegwuregwu ndị ọzọ; na onye isi na mmepe nke ihe nkiri
- ↑ Abram Hill. Doollee.com. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved on September 18, 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hatch (1996). Black Theatre U.S.A.. New York: The Free Press, 226 and 227. ISBN 0-684-82307-1. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Fraser. "ABRAM HILL, 76, THE FOUNDER OF A BLACK THEATER IN HARLEM", New York Times, 11 October 1986. Retrieved on September 18, 2015. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Fraser" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Lincoln University Player", Lincolnian, June 10, 1954. Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.
- ↑ Frederick, Candice, "Honoring the Legacy of Abram Hill, Co-Founder of the American Negro Theatre", New York Public Library, November 12, 2015.