Usoro Bataidari
Usoro Bataidari bụ ịkekọrịta ihe ubi, ọrụ ugbo ebe onye nwe ala na-agbazinye onye ọzọ ala ya na-emefu ego na ọrụ, onye nwe ya na onye nwe ụlọ na-ekekwa ihe ọkụkụ ahụ. [1] ọ juru ebe niile na steeti Bihar dị na India ebe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 35% nke ala a na-akọ ihe dị n'okpuru usoro a. [2] [3] [4]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Usoro a juru ebe niile n'oge British Raj n'ọtụtụ akụkụ India, gụnyere mbara ala Punjab na-eme nri, na ebe ndị ọzọ sistemụ jotedar juru ebe niile. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi n'ụlọ ahụ bụ ndị ọrụ dara ogbenye, ha na-agbazinye ego n'aka ndị na-agbazinye ego maka ịkụ ihe, bụ nke mere ka ịda ogbenye na-aga n'ihu. [5] Ọ bụ ezie na emegharịrị mgbanwe ala n'ofe Bihar mgbe nnwere onwe site na iwu Bataidari, mana a na-ewere ya na ọ na-erigbu onye ọrụ na-eduga na ime ihe ike, karịsịa ime ihe ike n'etiti obodo ndị ọrụ na ndị nwe ala. [6] [7] N'oge gara aga, a na-achọrọ ụdị ala na ọbụna mee ka ọ bụrụ plank ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka nzuko steeti, karịsịa site n'aka ndị otu aka ekpe. [2]
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Feudalism na India
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Nitish Kumar's Honourable Exit: A brief history of caste politics. Economic and Political Weekly. Retrieved on 2013-07-01.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Arun Kumar (2010-10-11). Land reforms, bataidari' tops Left agenda. The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-02. Retrieved on 2013-07-01.
- ↑ Bihar BJP chief banks on Nitish for smooth seat-sharing talks. The Times of India (2010-05-31). Archived from the original on 2013-11-02. Retrieved on 2013-07-01.
- ↑ Sita Ram Singh (1 January 2005). Land Reforms And Farm Diversity. APH Publishing, 81–82. ISBN 978-81-7648-838-9. Retrieved on 1 July 2013.
- ↑ Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri. (2008). Peasant History of Late Pre-colonial and Colonial India. Pearson Education India, 614–. ISBN 978-81-317-1688-5. Retrieved on 1 July 2013.
- ↑ Anil Kant Mishra (1 January 1998). Rural Tension In India. Discovery Publishing House, 80–. ISBN 978-81-7141-416-1. Retrieved on 1 July 2013.
- ↑ Kedar Nath Prasad (1 January 1998). Dimensions of Development: Agriculture. Concept Publishing Company, 378–. ISBN 978-81-7022-741-0. Retrieved on 1 July 2013.