Uwe Kongo

N'alaeze Kongo na ndị vassals ya ( Loango, Kakongo, Ngoyo ), nka ndị a kpara akpa bụ ihe ụzọ nke iche na ndị isi. Filament na-ahụ ahụkebe nke e wepụrụ n'osisi nkwụ nke raffia bụ ntọala nke nka nka Kongo. Ihe a na-amanye ihe ozi ndị e meri iji ụdị textile dị iche iche na nke mara mma. akwa Raffia (otu : Lubongo, Libongo, otutu : Mbongo ; A na-akpọkwa Mpusu ) dị ka ego. ^[1] ^[2] ^[3]

Chief of nobleman's cap, Mpu ma ọ bụ Ngunda

^[4]Mpu ahụ bụ okpu raffia ọla edo ma ọ bụ painiapulu nwere eriri na-acha uhie na dị mkpa nke ihe akara nke onye isi, nke gụ , mgbịrị abụọ, na stool.

Maka Kongo, Mbundu, na mmekọ ndị mmadụ nọ n'ebe ugwu Angola, mpu ikike ịgba na onye a na-amụ n'ọkwa nke onye ndu dị nsso. [1] Moraga na-ede na "ọ bụkwa akara ngosi dị ike nke na-akpata onye isi ( mfumu ), òtù ndị ikwu, na obodo ahụ gaa n'ebe ihe ifo si yana otu mpaghara mpaghara ( nsi )." ^[4] ^[5]

Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị okpu mpu . Ngunda (nke sitere na mgbọrọgwụ ngu, nke pụtara nne) bụ ụdị domed na-enweghị nhazi nke a na-eji ụkpụrụ enyemaka dị elu chọọ ya mma nke a na-enye ndị isi ọhụrụ n'oge ememe ego. Ngola bụ okpu ogologo, conical nke ndị isi kacha elu nke mpaghara Kongo na-eyi.

A na-ewu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpuchi niile n'ụdị okirikiri, na-arụ ọrụ site na etiti okpueze ruo na nsọtụ nke okpu. ^[6] E mere Mpu iji kpuchie elu isi adịghị ike n'ụzọ ime mmụọ. Ndị Kongo na-eji okwu nzita kwupụta nkwenye ha na ntutu na-eto n'ụdị okirikiri na ebe a. Dị ka Moraga si kwuo, "A na-eji eriri na-agbagharị agbagharị ma ọ bụ ihe na-emepe emepe arụ ọrụ nke dị iche na nhazi geometric dị n'akụkụ - dị ka a ga-asị na ọ na-eṅomi ntutu isi mgbe ọ na-emesi nchebe pụrụ iche nke uwe isi na-enye." ^[4]

Kinzembe onye isi

^[7]Kinzemba bụ uwe akwa na-akpa nke eriri raffia mee. Kinzembe bụ ihe iche n'etiti uwe emume Central Africa maka inwe usoro ihe a na-agba n'oge dị ọtụtụ apụ na n'ihi na ihe ike ike ya na onye ihe mere eme. Antonio Manuel bụ onye isi anya Kongo na Vatican nke ọnwụ na 1608, obere oge ka ọ bịarutere Rome . [1] A na-ele anya ya na-eyi Kinzembe (nke a na-akpọ nkutu na Kongo) na mmemme nke Pope nyere mgbe Antonio Manuel nwụsịrị. [2] Na 1688 na Angola, onye mgbasa Capuchin Girolamo Merolla dekọrọ ndị na-esonụ Kinzembe : "Ndị isi nwere ụdị uwe ejiji n'ubu ha, nke na-erute n'efu ha, nke a na-achọsi ike na- arụ ọrụ,ama aka ha na-iche na oghere abụọ, na na-ejedebe n'okirikiri abụọ nke gbadoro ụkwụ n'ahụ aka nri ha nwere eriri ihe, nke na-ada n'ala."

Nkata

nkata Kongo bụ ngosipụta nke ugwu na akụnụba. E nyere ha onyinye dị ka onyinye nye ndị ama ama na ndị mba ọzọ yana ndị ọgaranya na ndị ama ama. nkata ndị a na-enwekarị ihe ùgwù ndị a na-enye eze. ^[8] nkata pụrụ iche pụtakwara nke ọma na mmemme na nkwenye nke ndị Kongo.

A na-eji akụkụ raffia a haziri nke ọma kpụọ nkata Kongo n'elu osisi ma ọ bụ ogbugbo siri ike nke dị n'ime. Nhazi siri ike nke nkata nke zigzags, diamonds, na chevrons na-ebilite site na twill ma ọ bụ usoro plaiting na-eji eriri raffia nwụrụ anwụ ma ọ bụ eke. Ha ghọrọ usoro dị mkpa n'ọdịnala, nke a sụgharịrị n'ime mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ, dị ka terracottas olili ozu. ^[4] E jikwa eriri ahịhịa mee nkata.

Yiri na akwa Kuba

^[4]Ọ bụ ebe na oge na-acha ala kewapụrụ, ọtụtụ myirịta dị n'etiti omenala textile Kongo na Kuba . Ma nka Kongo na Kuba toro n'usoro n'usoro ụlọ ikpe, na obodo ọ llala nyere nka emume, ihe mma na ire nke ukwuu uru. Ha na- eriri eriri raffia eme ihe dị ka ntọala nke nka ahụ akwa ha. Kongo na Kuba na-eke mmetụtakwa ọtụtụ geometric, akara dị nss, akara ngosi ihe atụ, na ụdị akwa na akwa akwa, yana usoro nke ihe.

Ntụaka

↑ Phyllis M. Martin, Power, Cloth and Currency on the Loango Coast, University of Wisconsin Press, 1986
↑ Alain Anselin, Résistances africaines sur la Côte d'Angola au XVIIIe siècle, Présence Africaine, 2006
↑ M. Yandesa Mavuzi, Histoire et numismatique des monnaies du Congo du XVe siècle à nos jours ou Les monnaies du Congo - L’histoire et la numismatique, Weyrich Edition, 2015
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 Moraga (2011). Weaving abstraction : Kuba textiles and the woven art of Central Africa. Washington, D.C.: Textile Museum. ISBN 9780874050363. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Moraga 2011" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Volavka (1988). in Wendy A. Thomas: Crown and Ritual: The Royal Insignia of Ngoyo. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division.
↑ (2002) in Mary Jo Arnoldi and Christine Mullen Kreamer: Crowning achievements : African arts of dressing the head. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0930741439.
↑ Cited in Gibson (1977). "High Status Caps of the Kongo and Mbundu Peoples". The Textile Museum Journal IV (4).
↑ Thompson (1981). The four moments of the sun : Kongo art in two worlds. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Washington, D.C.: The Gallery. ISBN 089468003X.

[1] Phyllis M. Martin, Power, Cloth and Currency on the Loango Coast, University of Wisconsin Press, 1986

[2] Alain Anselin, Résistances africaines sur la Côte d'Angola au XVIIIe siècle, Présence Africaine, 2006

[3] M. Yandesa Mavuzi, Histoire et numismatique des monnaies du Congo du XVe siècle à nos jours ou Les monnaies du Congo - L’histoire et la numismatique, Weyrich Edition, 2015

[Moraga_2011-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 Moraga (2011). Weaving abstraction : Kuba textiles and the woven art of Central Africa. Washington, D.C.: Textile Museum. ISBN 9780874050363. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Moraga 2011" defined multiple times with different content

[Volavka_1988-5] Volavka (1988). in Wendy A. Thomas: Crown and Ritual: The Royal Insignia of Ngoyo. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division.

[Arnoldi_and_Kreamer-6] (2002) in Mary Jo Arnoldi and Christine Mullen Kreamer: Crowning achievements : African arts of dressing the head. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0930741439.

[7] Cited in Gibson (1977). "High Status Caps of the Kongo and Mbundu Peoples". The Textile Museum Journal IV (4).

[8] Thompson (1981). The four moments of the sun : Kongo art in two worlds. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Washington, D.C.: The Gallery. ISBN 089468003X.

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