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Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa

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[1] Vusamazulu / Mutwa / ˈk eɪd oʊ ˈmʊt wə / (21 Julaị 1921 – 25 Maachị 2020) bụ Zulu sangoma (ọgwụ ọdịnala) sitere na South Africa .  A mara ya dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ nke na- , , Mer , omenala Zulu, nhụta ndị ọzọ na nhụta nke onwe ya.  Ụbọchị ikpeazụ ya bụ akwụkwọ ozi ihe osise a na-akpọ Tree of Life Trilogy dabere na ihe odide ya nke akwụkwọ a ma ama, Indaba My Children .  [1] N'afọ 2018, e nyere ya ihe nrite USIBA nke South Africa Department of Arts and Culture nyere ya, maka ọrụ ya na Amamihe obodo.

Credo bụ onye sanusi (nsụpe a na-asụkarị isanuse ) nke bụ ụdị onye na-agba afa ma ọ bụ sangoma Zulu. Okwu a sitere n'oge akụkọ ihe mere eme karịa, a naghịkwa eji ya eme ihe taa, ọbụlagodi n'ọnọdụ ọdịnala. [2] [3]

[4] Credo bi na isiokwu ya Virginia na Kuruman, ebe ha na-agba ọsọ ụlọ ọgwụ.

Ndụ mbido[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Nna ya bụ onye di ya nwụrụ nke nwe ụmụ atọ dị ndụ mgbe ọ zutere nne ya.  Nna ya bụ onye na-ewu ụlọ na Onye mkpuchi na nne ya bụ nwa anụ Zulu.  N'ịbụ ndị e jidere n'etiti ndị ozi ala ụrọ n'otu aka, na onye isi ike Zulu dike, nna nne Credo Mutwa, nne na nna ya nhọrọ nhọrọ ọ gbakwunye ma ọ bụghị ikewapụ.  A egwuregwu Credo n'alụmdi na-egosi, nke ihe nnukwu asịrị na obodo na nne ya ịchụpụrụ nna ya.  Mgbe e hụ, otu n'ime agba ya ndị nwoke kaara ya. [5]

E logo, nwanne nna ya agware ya ma kpọga ya na South Coast nke Natal (nke dị ugbu a KwaZulu-Natal ), nke dịdebere ugwu nke si Mkomazi .  Ọ gaghị akwụkwọ ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ.  N'afọ 1935, nna ya mmekọrịta ọrụ ụlọ na mpaghara Transvaal ochie na akara dum kwagara ebe ọ na-ewu ụlọ.

Mgbe ọ dara ọrịa siri ike, nwanne nna ya kpọ ndabere ya KwaZulu-Natal.  N'ebe ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ dara, nna nna ya, bụ́ nwoke nna ya ledara anya dị ka onye ụbọ akwara na onye na-efefe ngwaahịa, MRI ya aka azụ.  N'oge a, Credo gbochiri ọtụtụ ihe gbasara ndị ya ndị ozi ala ọzọ ga-eme ka ha kwere.  " ካስ bụ ndị Africa n'ezie ree nke oge ochie ndị na-ahụ ihe ngosi ma ọlị tupu ndị ọcha n'anya Africa?"  ọ Robert onwe ya.  Nna nna ya kụnyere n'ime ya ndụ na ọrịa ya bụ oku dị nsso na ọ ga-aghọ sangoma, onye na- ọrịa.  Ọ gara thwasa (ọzụzụ sangoma na-enye) ya na nna nna ya na nwanne nne nne ya, otu sangoma na-eto eto aha ya bụ Mynah. [6]

Obodo omenala Kwa-Khaya Lendaba[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ozi ụzọ e ji ihe osise kpụrụ akpụ nke Eze Ngungunyane nwere n'aka ekpe yana Eze Shaka n'aka nri.  mkpaka nke obodo Kwa-Khaya Lendaba Cultural na Soweto

[7]N'afọ 1974, Credo matsayin otu ala n'ubi Oppenheimer na Soweto iji jide obodo omenala Africa iji ihe nketa omenala na nkuzi nke ya.  [1] O kere ebe obibi ọdịnala na- ngo anya ụlọ ụlọ sitere n'ofe Africa, ebe ndị mmadụ na ndị na-eme ifo wetara ndụ omenala, akwụkwọ na omenala Africa dị ka apụta site n'ọhụụ nka ya.  [2] N'oge ahụ, ka ndị obodo ahụ na-elu na Iso Ụzọ akwụkwọ, ha na-enyo obodo nta ahụ enyo.

[8]Credo, nnukwu na nnukwu ọgbaghara na Johannesburg na mgbasa ozi nke Kọmunist na mgba ndị ojiitara ndị Africa eme na omenala omenala ha.  N'amara ka ọtụtụ ndị eji ụkwụ, ọ na-ede nkewa n'etiti ndị ọcha na ndị ojii iji omenala na ụzọ ndụ dị iche iche.  [1] Na 1976, ụmụ akwụkwọ gbara obere obodo ọkụ ọkụ mgbe e kwuchara ya na redio Afrịkaans, ka ha mmepụta obodo ahụ na- , na Sign dị iche iche.  [1] [2] Akpọkwara nke obodo ahụ ọkụ ọzọ n'etiti 1980s n'oge iku megide kansụl obodo West Rand.

Ihe osise nke King Khandakhulu na-e mgbaàmà ọrịa ya na chi ya na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ

N'ịgbaso ogbugbu nke nwa ya nwoke nke ndị agha ndị ike ike "ndị na-eme ihe" na ọkụ nke abụọ nke obodo ya, Credo si na Soweto mere ma ụmụaka obodo njem omenala na Lotlamoreng, Mahikeng, (nke a mara n  'oge ahụ dị ka Bophuthatswana ).  N'ebe a, ọ na-ahụ maka iwu nke obere obodo ndị omenala, nke ọ lla na-agbanwe anya omenala nke ndị isi South Africa .[9] [10] [11]

Obodo omenala Kwa-Khaya Lendaba dị na Soweto ka na-arụzigharị ugbu a ma ọ ka na-emeghe ọha na eze n'efu. Ntuziaka njem dị n'aka onye nlekọta obodo. [12]

Ihe oyiyi amụma[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[8]Ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọrụ ndị dị na Kwa-Khaya Lendaba, ndị agha ndị Africa ha alụchite anya, e kwuru na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ papa.  Nke eje, bụ nke ibu ozi nke onye HIV/AIDS na South Africa.  A ịrịba nke a n'ụdịkpụ akpụkpọ ifo ya nke Eze Khandakhulu, onye nwere nri 200. Ọ pụghị imeju nile n'ụzọ iwu, n'ihi ya, ha esemokwu wee na-eju onwe ha apụ n'ebe ọzọ, nke mere  ka ha nile bute ọrịa ndị a na- ekirita dina site ná mmekọahụ .  Ọnya ahụ dị naamụ Eze Khandakhulu yiri rịbọn AIDS .  E kere ihe oyiyi ndị a na 1979, afã atọ tupu ndị na-eme nchọpụta mkpọsa elele nje na- achọta mmadụ.  [1] Ndị na-enwe nke ndị ozi ndị ọzọ ndị na-abụ ndị nke ụtụtụ Azụmahịa azụmahịa na-eji September 11, ogbugbu Chris Hani, na pụpụ onye isi ala Thabo Mbeki, na ndị ọzọ. [13]

Echiche maka HIV/AIDS[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mutwa bụ onye na-arụsi ike ọrụ na onye na-akwado olu n'iji ọgwụ ọdịnala Africa eme ihe maka HIV / AIDS, ọrịa kansa na ụkwara nta .  [1] O kere obi chukwu Vulinda Trust na 1999 iji ihu ihe ngosi na-ama ojiji ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị a.  Isi ihe nsogbu ya lekwasịrị anya bụ na osisi South Africa a na-akpọ unwele na Zulu ( Sutherlandia frutescens ).  A na-eji Unwele eme ihe n'ọdịnala dị ka ihe na-eme ka ahụ dị mma, makwala ọrụ kwuru ọrịa kansa site na igbu vitro .  [2] [3] nke irẹ Sutherlandia frutescens na malitere HIV / AIDS na-aga n'ihu na a na-eme ule nke IIb na South African Herbal Science and Medicine Institute (SAHSMI). [14] [15]

"Reptilian agenda"[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

David Icke onwe ya na tiori Mutwa nke "atumatu reptilian" - ya bụ na "agbụrụ na-akpụ akpụ" nke n'ụwa ma ọ bụghị nke mba ọzọ, na-achịkwa ụwa ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ".  ụwa ha na vidiyo na N'ajụjụ ọnụ Icke [16] [17] [18] [19]

Nkwado maka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Edekọkwara Mutwa dị ka o kwuru okwu na-akwado apartheid .  [1] Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya - My People: The Incredible Writings of a Zulu witch-doctor  - nwere okwu ndị dị otú ahụ, na-ezo aka na omume n'etiti ndị Zulu nke, n'anya ya, ọrụ mme ụlọ.  usoro ahụ.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Indaba, Ụmụ m (1964). ISBN 0-8021-3604-4, mbipụta America nke mbụ ( Maachị 1999 )
  • Zulu Shaman: Nrọ, amụma, na ihe omimiISBN 0-89281-129-3, mbipụta nke abụọ (Ọktoba 10, 2003)
  • Abụ nke KpakpandoISBN 1-886449-01-5, mbipụta nke mbụ ( Mee 2000 )
  • Africa Bụ Onyeàmà M, Johannesburg: Akwụkwọ Blue Crane, 1966. ISBN amaghi
  • Agenda Reptilian na David Icke na Credo Mutwa - usoro zuru ezu.
  • Ndị M, Akwụkwọ nke Zulu Witch-Doctor (Akwụkwọ Penguin, 1977) [1] 
  • Ka Mba M ghara ịnwụ onye nkwusa: United Publishers International (1986) Asụsụ: Bekee 
  1. Creatives honoured at inaugural USIBA awards | The Star (en). Independent Online. Retrieved on 2019-06-19.
  2. Who's who Southern Africa - Credo Mutwa. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  3. Flint (2008). Healing Traditions: African Medicine, Cultural Exchange, and Competition in South Africa, 1820-1948. Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780821418499. Retrieved on 6 September 2014. 
  4. Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa. South African History Online. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  5. Credo Mutwa biography.
  6. Mutwa (1996). Zulu Shaman. Destiny Books. ISBN 0-89281-129-3. 
  7. The rich heritage of Credo Mutwa. News24 (2012-07-20). Retrieved on 2019-06-19.
  8. 8.0 8.1 The rich heritage of Credo Mutwa. City Press (20 July 2012). Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  9. Stier (2006). Religion, Violence, Memory, and Place. Indiana University Press, 186–187. ISBN 0253347998. Retrieved on 6 September 2014. 
  10. Credo Mutwa. Inspirational Black Literature. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  11. Mahikeng - North West Province. Tourism North West Province. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  12. Credo Mutwa Cultural Village. South African Tourism. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  13. Mbeki's Darkest Hour: sangoma predicted his ouster in 1999. New Zimbabwe.com (13 November 2009). Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved on 6 September 2014.
  14. Johnson (27 April 2007). "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Lessertia frutescens in Healthy Adults". PLOS Clinical Trials 2 (4). DOI:10.1371/journal.pctr.0020016. PMID 17476314. 
  15. Sutherlandia plant begins HIV drug safety trials. SciDev Net (10 February 2011). Retrieved on 3 September 2014.
  16. David Icke interview – Reptilian Agenda. Archived from the original on 2019-05-06. Retrieved on 2024-05-23.
  17. Credo Mutwa & David Icke - The Reptilian Agenda
  18. Credo Mutwa on Alien Abduction an Reptiles
  19. David Chidester, "Credo Mutwa, Zulu Shaman: The Invention and Appropriation of Indigenous Authenticity in African Folk Religion", Journal for the Study of Religion, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2002), pp. 65–85.