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Wendell Jerome Campbell

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Wendell Jerome Campbell
Mmádu
ụdịekerenwoke Dezie
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya1927 Dezie
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya2008 Dezie
Ọrụ ọ na-arụonye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Dezie

Wendell Campbell (Eprel 27, 1927 - Julaị 9, 2008) bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ America nke gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Mies Van Der Rohe na Ludwig Hilberseimer [1] mgbe ọ na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ teknụzụ nke Illinois . Campbell gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1957 na Bachelor of Arts in Architecture and City Planning, na mgbe o siri ike ịchọta ọrụ n'ihi ajọ mbunobi agbụrụ, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ nke ya na 1966. [2] A mara Campbell maka ntinye aka ya na ọtụtụ ọrụ owuwu ụlọ na Chicago na Gary, Indiana yana atụmatụ nrụpụta ya maka nnukwu obodo US. [3] Na 1971 Campbell kwadoro ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche mbụ nke National Organisation of Minority Architects . [3] N'afọ 1976, ụlọ ọrụ American Institute of Architects (IAA) nyere ya ihe nrite ugwu Whitney Young ma họpụta ya dị ka onye otu AIA na 1979. [3]

Ndụ mbido[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Wendell Campbell na Eprel 27, 1927, na East Chicago, Indiana wee tolite dị ka otu n'ime ụmụaka isii nọ n'ụlọ. [4] N'ịbụ onye tolitere dị ka nwa onye ọkwá nkà, onye bụ onye ọrụ nkwekọrịta izugbe ojii mbụ na Chicago, [5] Campbell na-enyere nna ya aka mgbe niile na ọrụ na-enyere aka inweta nkà ịkwa nkà site na mmalite ndụ ya. [2] Campbell gụsịrị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1945 dị ka onye nnata Society Sọpụrụ Mba . [1] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, na Japan n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ebe o so n ´ a agha nke injinia na-ebu agha na-ahazi àkwà mmiri na okporo ámá. [3] Mgbe ọnwa iri na anọ nke ọrụ gasịrị, a chụrụ Campbell n'ụzọ nkwanye ùgwù wee laghachi United States ka ọ mụọ ụkpụrụ ụlọ. [4] Mgbe e nyechara ya akwụkwọ mmụta zuru oke site na Commonwealth Edison, na 1957 Campbell gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Institutelọ Ọrụ Nkà na ụzụ Illinois na BA na Architecture na Planning City. [1] Mgbe ọ na-aga IIT Campbell nwere ohere ịmụ ihe n'okpuru ma Mies Van Der Rohe na Ludwig Hilberseimer site na onye ọ na-ekwu na ọ mụtara ikike nke ịmụta otú e si eche echiche na dozie nsogbu site na ngwọta ezi uche dị na ya nke nyere aka imetụta ọtụtụ ọrụ ya. [1]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Campbell nwetara ọrụ na Purdue Calumet Development Foundation, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri na ọrụ mmeghari ohuru nke obodo dị iche iche na mpaghara ahụ. [1] Ọ malitere ụlọ ọrụ nke ya, Wendell Campbell Associates na 1966, wee nyegharịa ya aha ọtụtụ oge n'oge ọrụ ya. Aha ahụ gbanwere na Campbell na Macsai na 1970 ruo 1975 ebe Campbell na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ John Macsai bụ ndị mmekọ. [6] Ọ na-aga Campbell Tiu Campbell na 1976 iji mata onyinye nke nwa ya nwanyị Susan na onye mmekọ ọkachamara Domingo Tiu. [3]

N'oge na-adịghị anya ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, na mgbe ọ ka na-arụ ọrụ na Development Foundation, na 1971 Campbell kwadoro ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche mbụ nke National Organisation of Minority Architects . [3] Maka onyinye ya iji lebara ahaghị nha anya agbụrụ dị n'ime ụlọ ihe owuwu ụlọ, AIA nyere ya ihe nrite Whitney M. Young Jr. Award. [7]

N'afọ 1981, e nyere Campbell ọrụ ịrụpụta na wuo ebe Mgbakọ Jenesis na Gary, Indiana. [8] Dị ka otu Crusader Newspaper Group si kwuo, a na-eji ebe mgbakọ ahụ mee ihe dị ka akara iji nọchite anya mmezu ndị Black na oge ọhụrụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme Gary. [9] Ebe etiti ahụ nọ na-arụ ọrụ afọ 35 wee nọrọ n'ụlọ otu egwuregwu basketball Gary Steelheads na Continental Basketball Association . [9]

Campbell jikọtara ya na ọtụtụ akara ngosi Chicago n'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ. Campbell bụ onye nyere aka na mbọ mgbasawanye nke McCormick Ebe n'oge owuwu nke North Building na 1986. [2] [10] [11]

Campbell nyere aka na nhazigharị mbụ nke DuSable Museum of African American History. O mechara lọta ma chepụta Harold Washington Wing, nke meghere ọha na eze na 1993. [12]

Na 1997 Campbell haziri Trinity United Church of Christ, nke na-eje ozi otu ọgbakọ ojii kacha ibu na Chicago nwere ihe karịrị ndị otu 8,500. [13]

Malite na 1999, Campbell Tiu Campbell nwere nkwekọrịta ịrụ ọrụ n'ime ime na mpụta nke Chicago Military Academy na Bronzeville . [2] Ụlọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ a ga-adị n'ime ụlọ nke Asatọ Regiment Armory, nke bụ akara ngosi akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e wuru na 1915 ka a ga-eji nọrọ na Battalion 8th Infantry Battalion . Na 2000, National Trust for Historic Preservation ghọtara mweghachi na ntụgharị nke Armory na onyinye nkwanye ugwu mba. [14]

Campbell mekwara ụlọ obibi ole na ole, otu n'ime ụlọ ndị a, nke e wuru na 1962 dị na mpaghara Chatham nke Chicago. [15] Ọrụ obibi ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere ụlọ abụọ dị elu ya na onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ John Macsai: 1240 N. Lake Shore Drive na The WaterFord Condominiums (4170 N. Marine Drive) nke e wuru na 1973. [16]

Dabere na ibe weebụ ya na webụsaịtị NOMA, a na-ekwupụta Campbell na mweghachi nke Michigan Avenue Draw Bridge na Metcalf Federal Building na atụmatụ nrụpụta maka isi obodo dị ka New Orleans, Las Vegas, Chicago na Milwaukee. [3] [2]

Ndụ onwe onye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Campbell gara n'ihu nraranye ya maka nha anya agbụrụ na ịmepụta ohere mmụta na akụ na ụba ka ukwuu site na ije ozi na bọọdụ nke: Mercy Hospital and Medical Center, AIA Chicago, Chicago Architectural Assistance Center, Black Ensemble Theatre, South Side YMCA na NOMA. [17]

Na 1954 Campbell lụrụ nwunye ya nke June Crusor Campbell onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ Susan Campbell-Smith na Leslie Campbell, [4] onye bụbu onye mmekọ na ụlọ ọrụ ya Campbell Tiu Campbell.

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Wendell Campbell's Biography (en). The HistoryMakers. Retrieved on 2022-12-11.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Moldoch (2022-02-18). Wendell Campbell: A Black Architect Who Paved the Way for Others (en-US). Home. Retrieved on 2022-12-11.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 NOMA Founder 03 Wendell Campbell (en-US). NOMA. Retrieved on 2022-12-11.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Esteemed Chicago architect, Wendell Campbell, dies (en-US). Chicago Defender (2008-07-15). Retrieved on 2022-12-11.
  5. ↑ AIArchitect This Week | Remembering a Gentle Giant, Wendell Campbell. info.aia.org. Retrieved on 2022-12-11.
  6. ↑ John Macsai. Architectuul. Retrieved on 2022-12-16.
  7. ↑ Whitney M. Young Jr. Award - AIA. www.aia.org. Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  8. ↑ Marcoux (2021-06-02). 15 Pioneering Black Architects Who Shaped America (en-US). Veranda. Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Want to buy the Genesis Center? (en-US) (2018-03-21). Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  10. ↑ Mogos (February 6, 2022). Black History Month Spotlight: Wendell Campbell, Chicago Architect (en). WTTW News. Retrieved on 2022-12-16.
  11. ↑ History (en-US). McCormick Place (24 April 2018). Retrieved on 2022-12-16.
  12. ↑ Record Reveals: Carolyn Armenta Davis on Chicago | 2014-06-19 | Architectural Record (en). www.architecturalrecord.com. Retrieved on 2022-12-16.
  13. ↑ Wendell J. Campbell | BEYOND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT (en). BeyondtheBuilt.com. Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  14. ↑ Chicago Military Academy (en-US). PBC Chicago. Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  15. ↑ Chatham Midcentury Houses (en-us). ArcGIS StoryMaps (2022-03-12). Retrieved on 2022-12-18.
  16. ↑ Quigg Engineering, Inc. (March 2021). Section 106: Historic Properties Identification Report. Archived from the original on 2022-04-03. Retrieved on 2024-06-08.
  17. ↑ Gendall (July 21, 2008). Wendell Campbell, First President of NOMA, Dies at 81. www.architectmagazine.com. Retrieved on 2022-12-15.
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