William Walker (muralist)
| ụdịekere | nwoke  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| Aha enyere | William |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Walker |
| Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 1927 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Birmingham |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 12 Septemba 2011 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Chicago |
| Ọrụ ọ na-arụ | onye na-ahu maka ihe nkiri, muralist |
| Ije | Black Aesthetic |
| onye nlereranya | Jacob Lawrence |
| ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okike | Ọrụ nwebiisinka chekwara |
William Walker (ubochí itoolu n'ọnwa Mée, 1927 rụo ụbọchị irí na abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, 2011) bụ ónyé a ma ama na-ese ihe na Chicago. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere Organization of Black American Culture (OBAC) na otu n'etiti ndị isi na ọrụ metụtara Wall of Respect. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị guzobere ihe ndị na-eme na Chicago n'afọ ndị 1960. O depụtara Jacob Lawrence, Charles White, na onye na-ese ihe na Chicago William McBride, yana ọrụ nke ndị na-ese mgbidi na Mexico Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, na Jose Clemente Orozco dị ka mmetụta dị mkpa.[1][2]
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ William Walker na Birmingham, Alabama na 1927. Nnà ya hapụrụ ụlọ obéré ógè amụrụ ya na nné ya, Millie Lee, kwagara Chicago mgbe ọ dị afọ abụọ iji chọta ọrụ. Ọ bụ nne nne ya, Lucy Arnold, zụlitere ya ruo 1938 mgbè ọ kwagara Chicago ka ya na nne ya biri. E debara aha Walker n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ ma mesịa debanye aha ọzọ ka o wee nwee ike inweta afọ anọ nke agụmakwụkwọ kọleji n'okpuru GI Bill. Ọ bụ ónyé odeakwụkwọ ozi ma bụrụkwa onye omeiwu na 99th Pursuit Squadron.[3] N'afọ 1949, mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na Agha Korea, Walker debanyere aha na nkuzi nka azụmahịa na Columbus Gallery of Art na Columbus, Ohio (nke bụzi Columbus College of Art and Design). Ọ gbanwere majors site na azụmahịa gaa na nka dị mma n'etiti ogo ya, na-eto ónyé nkụzi ya Joseph Canzani maka mgbanwe ahụ, wee bụrụ nwoke Africa America mbụ meriri ihe nríte nke irí anọ na asaá nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 1952.[1]
Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ gàrà Memphis ebe o sere ihe osise mbụ ya. Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị na 1955, Walker laghachiri Chicago ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe ịchọ mma na ónyé na-arụ ọrụ na post. N'afọ 1967, o sonyere na ọrụ metụtara Organization for Black American Culture. Ọrụ a bụ mural ọbọdọ nke ga-asọpụrụ ndị dike Africa America ma kpọọ ya "The Wall of Respect". Mgbidi nke nkwanye ùgwù malitere mmegharị mba niile nke " nka ndị mmadụ". Site n'ebe ahụ, Walker na John Pitman Weber na Eugene Eda guzobere Chicago Mural Group (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Chicago Public Art Group), ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ese ihe osise na Chicago. Walker sere ihe osise iji mee ka ọbọdọ mara banyéré esemokwu agbụrụ na-aga n'ihu na America n'oge ahụ na iji kpalie ndị mmadụ itinye aka na idozi nsogbu agbụrụ. Ónyé na-ese ihe Murry DePillars, osote ónyé isi oche nke Mahadum Chicago State na ónyé otu AfriCobra kwuru otu oge banyere ónyé na-eje ije...Bill arụghị ọrụ iji nweta aha ma ọ bụ ka edepụta ya. Ọ na-eme ya n'ezie màkà ọbọdọ".[1]
A hụrụ William Walker nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya na Chicago na Septemba 12, 2011.
Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Aha ya | Ụbọchị | Ebe | Ọnọdụ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mgbidi nke Nkwanye ùgwù | 1967 | 43rd Street na Langley Avenue, Chicago | Ọkụ gbara ya, 1971 |
| Mgbidi nke Nsọpụrụ | 1968 | Mack Avenue na Lillibridge, Detroit | |
| Mgbidi Ncheta Harriet Tubman | 1968 | Mack Avenue na Lillibridge, Detroit | |
| Mgbidi nke Eziokwu | 1969 | 43rd Street na Langley Avenue, Chicago | Ọkụ gbara ya, 1971 |
| Udo na Nzọpụta: Mgbidi nke Nghọta | 1970 | 872 N. Orleans, Chicago | E bibiri ya, 1991[4] |
| Ụmụ Mmadụ Nile | 1971-73 | 617 W. Evergreen Ave, Chicago | Whitewashed 2015 |
| Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke onye ọrụ ụlọ nkwakọba ihe | 1975 | 4859 South Wabash, Chicago | E weghachiri ya na 1998 |
| Mgbidi nke nrọ ehihie na obi ọjọọ mmadụ na mmadụ | 1975 | 47th Street na Calumet Avenue, Chicago | E weghachiri ya na 2003[5] |
| Oge ọ bụ nwata enweghị ajọ mbunobi | 1977 | 56th Street na Stony Island Avenue, Chicago | E weghachiri ya, 1993 na 2009 |
| Ikpe Ziri Ezi Na-ekwu: Delbert Tibbs/Ụlọikpe Ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ Nnwere Onwe | 1977 | 57th Street na Lake Park, Chicago | E bibiri ya na mmezigharị Metra, 2001/2[6] |
| St. Martin Luther King | 1977 | 49th Street na Martin Luther King Drive, Chicago | E bibiri ya mgbe e mebiri ya[1] |
| Ịbịaru Ụmụaka / Ndị Na-emetụ Ndị Mmetụta | 1980 | 975 E. 132nd Street, Chicago[7] | |
| Ị dị mma dị ka onye ọ bụla | 1980 | ||
| Reaganomics | 1982 | ||
| Mgbidi nke Nkwanye ùgwù Obodo | 1983 | ||
| Udo, Udo | 1984 | ||
| Ekele nye Harold Washington | 47th na Champlain |
Ihe ngosi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- "Ihe oyiyi nke akọ na uche: The Art of Bill Walker", Mahadum Chicago State, 1984
- "Bill Walker: Urban Griot", Hyde Park Art Center, 2017-18
Onyinye na nsọpụrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- 1986: City Brightener Award, Bright New City[8]
- 1998: Ụlọ Nsọpụrụ, Illinois Labor History Society[9]
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Dunitz, Robin J., na James Prigoff. Mgbidi nke Ihe Nketa, Mgbidi Pride: Mgbidi African American. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
- Gray, Mary Lackritz. A Guide to Chicago's Murals. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 2001.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Urban Art Chicago: Ntuziaka maka Mgbidi Obodo, Mosaics, na Ihe Ọkpụkpụ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
- Huebner, Jeff W. Mgbidi nke Amụma & Mkpesa: William Walker na Mgbọrọgwụ nke Mgbanwe Ọha Ọha. Northwestern University Press, 2019.
Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Huebner. "Man Behind the Wall", Chicago Reader, 1997-08-28.
- ↑ William Walker, pioneering Chicago muralist, dies at 84. WBEZ (14 September 2011). Retrieved on 12 January 2021.
- ↑ Huebner (28 August 1997). The Man Behind the Wall. www.chicagoreader.com. The Chicago Reader. Retrieved on 7 October 2020.
- ↑ Huebner. "Back to the Walls: Public art advocates rally to save the last remnants of the famous "Mural Revolution."", Chicago Reader, 2001-09-06.
- ↑ Ehmke. "A Chicago mural tells a story of a recent past, but will the future accept it?", Medill Reports - Chicago, 2009-12-09.
- ↑ "The CPAG Watch List", Chicago Reader, 2001-09-06.
- ↑ "City hires 3 artists in new building plan", Chicago Tribune, 1979-06-28, p. W5.
- ↑ Cummings. "20 win awards for brightening life in Chicago", Chicago Sun-Times, 1986-03-27, p. 66.
- ↑ 1998 Hall of Honor. Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved on 2022-06-28.