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Xian (onye na-eme ihe ike)

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Xiao Xian, nke a maara nke ọma dị ka Xian, bụ onye China n'eme ihe ike a kacha mara amara maka ịtọ ntọala Tongyu, ọgbakọ ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na Beijing . N'èzí Tongyu, Xian anọwo na-arụsi ọrụ ike na obodo LGBT nke China, na obodo LGBT mba ụwa.

Akụkọ ndụ

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Xian buru ụzọ malite ịchọ ozi na akụrụngwa gbasara obodo LGBT mgbe ọ nọ na kọleji, mana enweghị ozi LGBT dị na ọba akwụkwọ mahadum dị na China kpachiri ya. Mgbe iwebata ịntanetị na mahadum ndị China na njedebe afọ 1990s, ọ nwere ike ịchọ otu akụkọ akụkọ nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị site na ọrụ ọchụchọ mbụ dị ka Gofa. O ji otu ndị a n'ịntanetị kpọtụrụ ndị LGBT China si mba ofesi, na ịhazi nzukọ anụ ahụ na otu ndị LGBT na China. [1]

Xian ghọrọ onye nhazi n' arụsi ọrụ ike nke ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, mmasị nwoke na nwanyi, na obodo mgbanwe okike na China na njedebe afọ iri iteghete s n'ime narị afọ nke irí abụọ na mbu, na-ahazi ya na ndị òtù LGBT ndị ọzọ site na ụlọ mmanya na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ. [2] [3] N'afọ 1996, o mepụtara Pọpụlụ Foniks, NGO dị n'ịntanetị nke na-enye ndị obodo nwanyị nwanyị China ozi na ozi ozi site na imel na nkwurịta okwu webụsaịtị. Ọ tọrọ ntọala Salun Satọde, nnọkọ ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị kwa izu na Beijing. [4]

Site n'ọrụ ya na ndị obodo LGBT, Xian akwalitela mmata banyere nrụgide ezinụlọ na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke na-eme ka ndụ sie ike nye ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na China, dị ka nrụgide ịlụ di na nwunye na ihe isi ike nke ị nweta nnwere onwe zuru oke na ndị òtù ezinụlọ na-enwe mmasị nwoke. [5] O kwuwo okwu banyere ndịiche dị n'etiti otu LGBT na ndịda na nke China, ọkachasị n'okpuru nnọchite anya ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere mmasị na nkwado nke otu ụmụ nwanyị na Beijing. [6]

N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Xian akwadola maka ụzọ ziri ezi maka ikike LGBT na nnabata na China nke na-elekwasị anya na mkpa ọ dị itinye ndụ n'ihu na nnabata gọọmentị ozugbo na nlebara anya mgbasa ozi. N'ajụjụ ọnụ afọ 2006 ya na China Newsweek gbara ya, o kwuru na ọ na-eche na ọ na-eche na ọ bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya na nkwenkwe ụmụ nwanyị dị oke njọ emerụla ihe kpatara nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na China, n'ihi na ikike ndị dị ka otu nwoke na nwanyị ka dị oke egwu maka obodo ndị China. [7] Xian enyerela aka ịhazi na ịkwado Beijing Lala Salun, nke na-enye ndị obodo nwanyị nwere mmasị na Beijing ihe omume obodo. [8]

Xian gụrụ akwụkwọ na United States wee nweta nzere masta . Mgbe ọ nọ na mba United Steetis, ọ tinyere aka na obodo ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na mpaghara wee wepụta onwe ya maka ụlọ ọrụ nke agụmakwụkwọ ahụ Ike Beijing Aizhixing (BAIHE). [9] N'oge a, e webatara Xian n'echiche nke ndị NGO wee malite ịmepụta atụmatụ ịmepụta otu ndị na-akwado nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị na netwọk na Beijing, ebe ọ chere na e nwere nnukwu obodo nwere ezi uche. [4]

Tongyu

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Xian tọrọ ntọala Tongyu, ọgbakọ nkwado nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, n'afọ 2004, ka o si mba United States lọta na Beijing. Aha "Tongyu" sụgharịrị "Asụsụ nkịtị" na Bekee. N'ihe metụtara Tongyu, ọ kpọrọ ndị na-akwado LGBT si Taiwan na Hong Kong ka ha gaa Beijing ka ha kerịta nghọta na ahụmịhe ha na ndị na-eme ihe ike n'ala China. [10] Tongyu na-arụ ọrụ ahịrị-ọkụ nke nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, na-aga nzukọ agụmakwụkwọ na mmemme ụmụ akwụkwọ, na-enyefe akwụkwọ nta na ihe mmụta. Na mgbakwunye na ịkwado maka okwu ndị dị ka alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị na ikike LGBT, [11] Tongyu na-akwado "Salun", klọb ebe ndị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwere ike ịhazi iji kparịta ihe gbasara obodo LGBT ma kesaa ozi gbasara isiokwu dị ka mmekọahụ na-adịghị mma. [12] Òtù ahụ na-akwadokwa òtù ndị inyom China na ndị lala na akwụkwọ ndị dị ka Satọde Salun na Les+Magazin. [13] Tongyu na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri sitere na mba Eshia ndị ọzọ dị ka Taiwan na India, ma bụrụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, mmasị nwoke na nwanyi , na mgbanwe okike na-akwado na Beijing dị ka nke afọ 2018. [10]

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ Law (2014-04-21). Gaysia: Adventures in the Queer East: Adventures in the Queer East (in en). Cleis Press, 91. ISBN 978-1-62778-053-7. 
  2. ↑ Engebretsen (2013-10-30). Queer Women in Urban China: An Ethnography (in en). Routledge, 124–144. ISBN 978-1-136-19905-9. 
  3. ↑ (2005) Beijing Review (in en). Beijing Review, 45. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 U (2008). Advocating at the margins: women's NGOs in China. Colby College. U, Ling (2008). Advocating at the margins: women's NGOs in China. Colby College. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ Suda (2009). "Die "Lala community" in Beijing im Sommer 2008 - zur Selbstorganisierung lesbischer Frauen in der VR China". Femina Politica 21: 129. 
  6. ↑ Tellis (2015-10-30). The Global Trajectories of Queerness: Re-thinking Same-Sex Politics in the Global South (in en). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-21794-2. 
  7. ↑ Shi (2014-10-23). Chinese Lesbian Cinema: Mirror Rubbing, Lala, and Les (in en). Lexington Books, 85. ISBN 978-0-7391-8848-4. 
  8. ↑ LGBT Activism in Mainland China (en) (30 November 2001). Retrieved on 2020-02-11.
  9. ↑ GUO, Lifu (2018-07-31). Tongzhi Solidarity under Chinese Authoritarian Government : A Case Study of the Beijing Tongzhi Center. 東京大学大学院総合文化研究科・教養学部アジア地域文化研究会, 80–83. OCLC 1060467553. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Storm (2018-05-15). Connecting Taiwan: Participation – Integration – Impacts (in en). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-26894-3. 
  11. ↑ Dubel, Ireen. Hielkema, André (André M.M.) (2010). Urgency required : gay and lesbian rights are human rights. Humanist Institute for Cooperation with Developing Countries (Hivos), 180. ISBN 978-90-70435-05-9. OCLC 642833790. 
  12. ↑ Khor (2006). Lesbians in East Asia: Diversity, Identities, and Resistance (in en). Routledge, 123. ISBN 978-1-56023-691-7. 
  13. ↑ Engebretsen (2013-10-30). Queer Women in Urban China: An Ethnography (in en). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-19904-2. 
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