Jump to content

Òtù Ndị Nlekọta Mmiri

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ

Air Quality Expert Group (AQEG) bụ kọmitii gọọmentị nkè ndị ndụmọdụ sayensị na-enye ndụmọdụ onwé ha banyéré mmetọ ikuku na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Màkà Gbụrụ-gbúrụ Ébé Obibi, Nri na Mmekọrịta Ime Obodo (Defra) nkè gọọmentị UK.[1] A na-esikarị n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ma nwee ihe dị ka ndị na-emepụta kemịkalụ na ikuku iri na abụọ na ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ọmụma gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi ndị ọzọ.[2] AQEG na-enyekwa ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na ndị minista ndụmọdụ gbásárá nsogbụ ikuku, na-atụ aro ébé ndị a ga-ebute ụzọ màkà ọrụ n'ọdịnihu, ma na-enye ndụmọdụ màkà mgbanwe na iwu mba ụwa.[3] E kèrè AQEG n'afọ 2001, na-ejikọta ọrụ nke ọtụtụ ndị ndụmọdụ gara-aga gụnyere Quality of Urban Air Review Group, Airborne Particles Expert Group, na Expert Panel on Air Quality Standards.[4]

Ọrụ AQEG na-adịbeghị ányá gụnyere akụkọ banyéré ọnọdụ ozone, ikuku na-esi na njem okporo ụzọ, mgbanwe mmetọ ikuku n'oge ọrịa COVID-19, mmetọ ifufe ugbo, na mmetụta nke mbupu na ikuku.[5]

Ndị otu

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Alastair Lewis nkè National Centre for Atmospheric Science na Mahadum York bụ ónyé isi óche kọmitii ahụ kemgbe afọ 2019; site n'afo 2009 ruo 2019, Paul Monks nkè Mahadum Leicester bụ ónyé isi ya; site n'afo 2001 ruo 2009 Mike Pilling nke Mahadim Leeds bụ ónyé isi nke ya.[5][6] Ndị ọzọ a ma ama gụnyere Roy Harrison, Helen ApSimon, Martin Williams, na David Fowler.[5][6]

Ọrụ ndị e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

AQEG na-enyocha ma na-ebipụta akụkọ banyéré akụkụ niile nke mmetọ ikuku, ma e wezụga mmetụta ahụike ya, nke bụ ọrụ nke otu ndụmọdụ dị íchè, Kọmitii na Mmetụta Ọgwụ nkè Mmetụta Mmiri Mmiri (COMEAP). A na-arịọkarị ndị ọkachamara ya ka ha kwuo ókwù banyéré akụkọ akụkọ, dị ka mmetọ sitere na ọkụ osisi, njikọ dị n'etiti COVID-19 na mmetọ ikuku, na ịdị irè nke mbọ gọọmentị Britain na-agba iji zute ntuziaka mmetọ nke World Health Organization, na akụkọ nke ya na-emekarị isi akụkọ.[7][8][9][10]

N'afọ 2011, akụkọ AQEG kwùrù na biofuels "nwèrè mmetụta dị nta na ikuku ikuku na-emetọ ikuku".[11] N'afọ 2015, nyocha ọzọ ya kwubiri na fracking na-eme ka mmetọ ikuku dịkwuo elu.[12] Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ kọrọ na mmetọ nke ihe sitere na otu stovu ọkụ na-ere ọkụ nwèrè ike ịbụ okpukpu isii karịa nke sitere na ụgbọ ala dị arọ.[13] N'afọ 2018, otu ahụ nyochara ahịhịa okike (iji osisi na osisi eme ihe karịa) wee chọpụta na ọ pụghị inye ezigbo ngwọta màkà mmetọ ikuku obodo.[14] Akụkọ ọzọ nkè afọ 2018 chọpụtara na enwere ike belata ikuku ammonia nke ọrụ ugbo site na ihe dị ka ọkara naanị site na njikwa nsị ka mmá.[15] N'afọ 2019, AQEG chọpụtara na mmetọ sitere na taya ụgbọ ala nwèrè ike ịdị njọ otu puku mgbé ụfọdụ karịa ikuku ya.[16][17] N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ kọrọ na solvents na ngwaahịa nlekọta ezinụlọ na nke onwe ónyé bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ikuku VOC nke UK.[18] Ọzọkwa n'afọ 2019, AQEG dọrọ aka ná ntị na, ọ bụ ezie na ụgbọ ala eletrik na-emepụta ikuku efu, ha ka na-emepụta mmetọ ikuku dị ukwuu site na brek ha, taya, na mmebi n'okporo ụzọ na na: "Ọ dịghị iwu dị ugbu a iji belata ma ọ bụ belata ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a".[19][20]

N'ogè ọrịa COVID-19, AQEG nyochara njikọ dị n'etiti nje na mmetọ ikuku, ma nyochaa mmetụta nke mkpọchi na mmetorụ ikuku.[21][22][23]

N'afọ 2022, otu ahụ dọtara uche gaa n'ihu na mmetọ sitere na stovu ọkụ, nkè, nà UK, na-emepụta mmetọ karịa okporo ụzọ.[24]

AQEG na-anwale echiche màkà ịnagide mmetọ. N'afọ 2016, ọ rụrụ ihe nlereanya kọmputa iji nwalee ihe ga-eme na mmetọ ikuku nkè London ma ọ bụrụ na a na-etinye ihe osise fotocatalytic (nké na-agbanwe kemịkal na-emerụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ), mgbè ụfọdụ a na-akpọsa ya dị ka ihe ngwọta màkà nsogbụ ikuku, na-etinye ya n'elu ọ bụla n'obodo ahụ.[25] Nke a kwubiri na mmetọ nitrogen dioxide ga-ebelata ihe na-erughị otu pasent.[26][27]

Hụkwa

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  • Kọmitii na-ahụ maka mmetụta ahụike nke ikuku ikuku (COMEAP)

Edensibia

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
  1. ↑ About the Air Quality Expert Group. UK Air. Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs. Retrieved on 23 December 2021.
  2. ↑ Air Quality Expert Group: Membership. gov.uk. UK Government. Retrieved on 23 December 2021.
  3. ↑ Barrett (4 June 2019). "Defra looking for new expert group chair". Air Quality News. Retrieved on 21 February 2022. 
  4. ↑ Air Quality Expert Group: Appointment of expert members: Information pack for applicants. Cabinet Office. UK Government (16 August 2021). Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved on 8 April 2022.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Air Quality Expert Group: Publications. UK Air. Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs. Retrieved on 23 December 2021.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Tribute to Professor Martin Williams. UK Air. Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs. Retrieved on 24 December 2021.
  7. ↑ Carrington. "Wood burners emit more particle pollution than traffic, UK data shows", The Guardian. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  8. ↑ Shrestha. "Air pollution linked to severe cases of COVID-19 and hospitalisations, London researchers find", Energy Live News, 6 September 2021. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  9. ↑ O'Brien. "London pollution: The worse the air you breathe, the worse your Covid symptoms", City A.M, 4 September 2021. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  10. ↑ Webster. "Tighter air pollution guidelines leave British rules in the dust - clean air for all", The Times, 23 September 2021, p. 4.
  11. ↑ "E10 fuel will not reduce air pollution", Evening Standard, 1 August 2017, p. 26.
  12. ↑ Carrington. "Buried UK government report finds fracking increases air pollution", The Guardian, 2 August 2018. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  13. ↑ Carrington. "'Eco' wood stoves emit 750 times more pollution than an HGV, study shows", The Guardian, 9 October 2021, p. 7. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  14. ↑ Date. "Plants and trees "not the solution" to air pollution in cities", Air Quality News, 30 July 2018. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  15. ↑ Fuller. "Could a global farmers' assembly help cut agriculture pollution?", The Guardian, 14 January 2022, p. 40. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  16. ↑ Evans. "Pollution from tire wear 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions", Tire Technology International, 11 March 2020. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  17. ↑ "Tyre pollution 1000 times worse than tailpipe emissions", Fleet News, 6 March 2020. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  18. ↑ Leake. "Homes polluted by toxic scents in cleaning spray", The Sunday Times, 17 November 2019, p. 16.
  19. ↑ "UK expert group focuses attention on non-exhaust emissions from road traffic as regulatory concern", Green Car Congress. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  20. ↑ Webster. "Electric cars are a threat to clean air, claims cycling tsar", The Times, 29 July 2019. Retrieved on 21 February 2022. “The government's air quality expert group said this month that particles from tyres, brakes and road surfaces made up about two thirds of all particulate matter from road transport and would continue to increase even as more cars were run on electric power.”
  21. ↑ Webster. "Clean air could have saved 6,000 lives, experts claim", The Times. Retrieved on 21 February 2022. “Alastair Lewis, professor of atmospheric chemistry at the University of York and chairman of the government's air quality expert group, said the study may have inflated the effects of air pollution on coronavirus deaths by not properly accounting for "confounding influences like deprivation, ethnicity or the extent of transmission of the virus.”
  22. ↑ Barrett. "Interview: Professor Alastair Lewis", Air Quality News, 1 Jul 2020. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  23. ↑ "Huge drop in air pollution in first month of coronavirus lockdown", Telegraph, 2 Jul 2020. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  24. ↑ Carrington. "Wood burners emit more particle pollution than traffic, UK data shows", The Guardian. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.
  25. ↑ Woodford (2021). Breathless: Why Air Pollution Matters and How it Affects You. London: Icon. ISBN 9781785787102. 
  26. ↑ Fuller (2018). The Rising Global Threat of Air Pollution – and How We Can Fight Back. London: Melville House. ISBN 9781911545514. 
  27. ↑ Vaughan. "UK government accused of pursuing 'gimmicks' to tackle air pollution", The Guardian, 9 May 2016. Retrieved on 21 February 2022.

Njikọ mpụga

[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ewepụtara na https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Òtù_Ndị_Nlekọta_Mmiri&oldid=131820