Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nnyocha Gburugburu Ebe Obibi

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Environmental Investigation Agency
Founded 1984; 39 years ago (1984)
Founder Page Àtụ:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
  • Dave Currey
  • Jennifer Lonsdale
  • Allan Thornton
Ụdị UK edebanyere aha ọrụ ebere, nọmba 1182208, EIA US 501 (c) 3 na-abụghị maka uru
Ihe E lekwasịrị anya Mgbasa ozi gburugburu ebe obibi, ahụike ọha na eze
Isi ụlọ ọrụ London, Washington D.C.,
Ebe e jere ozi
N'ime UK, United States na mba ụwa
Ụzọ e si eme ihe Nnyocha nzuzo, lobbying maka iwu ọhụrụ
Oche
John Stephenson
Ego a na-enweta
ego a na-enweta £ 3.1 nde (2020 akụkọ kwa afọ)
Ndị ọrụ
45 (2020)
Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nnyocha Gburugburu Ebe Obibi

The Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA) bụ otu NGO mba ụwa nke ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi Dave Currey, Jennifer Lonsdale na Allan Thornton guzobere na 1984 na United Kingdom. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ nwere ọfịs na London na Washington, D.C. EIA na-eme nchọpụta na nzuzo ma na-eme mkpọsa megide mpụ na mmegbu gburugburu ebe obibi.

Nnyocha nzuzo ya na-ekpughe mpụ anụ ọhịa mba ụwa, na-elekwasị anya na enyí na agụ, na mpụ ọhịa dịka igbu osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na igbu osisi maka ihe ọkụkụ ego dịka mmanụ nkwụ. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ iji chebe usoro okike nke mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ site na ịnagide egwu nke mmetọ plastik, ijide na iji ahịa mee ihe maka whales, dolphins na porpoises.[1] Ọ na-achọ ibelata mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe site na mkpọsa iji wepụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ, na-ekpughe azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị na imeziwanye arụmọrụ ike na ngalaba oyi.

EIA na-eji nchọpụta ya na akụkọ iji mee mkpọsa maka iwu ọhụrụ, ọchịchị ka mma na mmanye dị irè karị. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ahụmịhe ya eme ihe iji nye nduzi maka ụlọ ọrụ mmanye ma na-ejikọkwa mmekọrịta na ndị otu na ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe, na-akwado ọrụ ha site na ọzụzụ aka.[2]

Ebe ndị a na-arụ ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọnọdụ ihu igwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ ihu igwe nke EIA na-ezube ịlụso egwu dị egwu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe site na iwepụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ dị ike nke a na-eji n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngalaba na-ekpuchi oyi, imeziwanye arụmọrụ ike nke teknụzụ dochie anya na nyocha azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị na gas na-eme ka ikuku na-ekpofu ahịhịa.[3] Ebe ndị dị mkpa na mkpọsa ahụ gụnyere:

  • Nkwekọrịta Montreal site na 1987, na-achịkwa chlorofluorocarbons, nke na-ebibi ozone nke ụwa. EIA nyere aka n'ime ka ikpe ahụ bụrụ na Protocol bụ usoro kachasị mma iji wepụ hydrofluorocarbons na-emerụ ahụ. Ọrụ a dugara na Mgbanwe Kigali.[4]
  • EU F-Gas Regulation: EIA mere mkpọsa megide ụlọ ọrụ lobbying iji hụ na a ga-emezigharị Iwu Fluorinated gas ma malite na 2018 gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ maka mmejuputa ya nke ọma.[5]
  • Ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma: Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2018, EIA mere mkpọsa iji hụ na usoro ịjụ oyi abụghị naanị HFC-free, kamakwa ọ dị irè dị ka o kwere mee.[6]
  • Nkà na ụzụ na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ: EIA mere mkpọsa iji gbasaa mmata banyere ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme nke ọma na ihu igwe mgbe e wepụrụ hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.[7]

Oké ọhịa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ EIA's Forests malitere na ngwụcha afọ 1990 ma na-ezube ibelata mgbukpọ ọhịa zuru ụwa ọnụ site n'ịkwado ọchịchị na iwu azụmahịa ka mma, na-ekpughe mmetụta ọjọọ nke ihe ọkụkụ ego dị ka mmanụ nkwụ ma na-ekpu ndị omempụ dị mkpa na azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị na mba niile na osisi ezuru.[8] Ebe ndị dị mkpa na mkpọsa ahụ gụnyere:

  • Osisi: Nnyocha EIA na-ekpughe igbu osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị, osisi na-akwọghị iwu na nrụrụ aka nke na-eme ka mpụ ọhịa dị mfe, na-eji iwu mba ụwa iji mee ka a gaa n'ihu na-ebelata oke mgbukpọ ọhịa.[9] Na Septemba 2022, New York Times kọrọ na EIA nyochara osisi site na oké ọhịa dị mkpa na gburugburu ebe obibi ruo n'ụlọ ọrụ 10 na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik atọ na Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia na Poland; ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụgbọ osisi na ụlọ ọrụ ndị a sitere na mpaghara echedoro dị ka Cheile Bicazului-Hasmas National Park nke Romania.[10]
  • Mmanụ nkwụ: mmepụta mmanụ nkwụ nwere njikọ dị ukwuu na mgbukpọ ọhịa, igbu osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị, mmegbu nke ikike mmadụ na mfu nke ụdị dị iche iche.[11]
  • Ikike: Ịchụ osisi n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na ntụgharị ọhịa na-ebibi ihe na-ejikọta ya na nrụrụ aka na mpụ, nkwekọrịta, mgbochi na ngosipụta na ịza ajụjụ, mmanye iwu, ikike ala ndị isi na ndị ikpe na-emebi emebi, ma na-emetụtakarị ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na ngwaọrụ nchekwa. Ntinye aka nke ọha mmadụ na-eme ka nsogbu ndị a ka njọ. Nnyocha na lobbying nke EIA n'ọhịa ekpughere nnukwu ọdịda na ọchịchị ọhịa, na-amanye gọọmentị na ụlọ ọrụ ịnakwere nsogbu ahụ ma dozie ha.[12]

Oké Osimiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ EIA's Ocean na-ezube imeziwanye ọnọdụ nke anụ ọhịa mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi site na ibelata egwu sitere na mmetọ plastik mmiri, site na ijide na iji ahịa mee ihe nke whales, dolphins na porpoises.[13] Ebe ndị dị mkpa na mkpọsa ahụ gụnyere:

  • Mmetọ plastik mmiri bụ otu n'ime ihe egwu kachasị njọ na-apụta na ahụike nke oké osimiri na nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nye ụdị dị iche iche nke mmiri. EIA arụwo ọrụ na nsogbu ahụ na UK na mba ụwa, na-eme mkpọsa naanị ya na mmekọrịta megide plastik a na-eji eme otu ihe dịka akpa ndị na-ebugharị nnukwu ụlọ ahịa, microbeads na ngwaahịa ndị a na-asacha na ụdị nkwakọ ngwaahịa plastik ndị ọzọ na-emebi emebi.[14]
  • E kwenyere na ihe na-erughị 30 vaquita porpoises ka a hapụrụ na mbara ala ahụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ anụ na-enye nwa ara kachasị n'ihe ize ndụ n'ụwa - ọ ga-apụ n'anya ọ gwụla ma e mere ihe dị mkpa iji chebe ya. A naghị achụ nta vaquita n'onwe ya mana ọ na-anwụ n'ụgbụgbọ mmiri iwu na-akwadoghị maka azụ totoaba, ụdị dị n'ihe ize ndụ nke akpịrị kpọrọ nkụ na China.[15]
  • Nkwụsị mba ụwa maka igbu whale bụ otu n'ime ihe ịga nke ọma nchedo kachasị na narị afọ nke 20. EIA na-eme mkpọsa iji mee ka mmachibido iwu ahụ dị, iji kpughee mmebi nke ụdị ndị ahụ ọ na-adịghị ekpuchi na iji mee ihe iji dozie egwu ndị ọzọ na whales, dolphin na porpoises dị ka plastik, kemịkal na mkpọtụ yana ịkụ azụ nke ụlọ ọrụ.[16]

Anụ Ọhịa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọrụ EIA Wildlife malitere n'etiti afọ 1980 ma na-ezube ibelata mpụ anụ ọhịa gburugburu ụwa, na-akwado iwepụ netwọk ndị omempụ mba ụwa na-etinye aka na azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị, na-agbasi mbọ ike maka iwu ka mma na mmechi nke ahịa ndị dị mkpa, na-akwalite usoro mmanye ka mma na ikpughe netwọk ndị omekome mba ụwa.[17] Ebe ndị dị mkpa na mkpọsa ahụ gụnyere:

  • Azụmaahịa ọdụ́ bụ isi ihe kpatara ịchụ nta enyí n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, nyocha nke EIA ekpughere oke nsogbu ahụ, na-achọpụta ndị omempụ mba niile nọ n'azụ ịzụ ahịa, nrụrụ aka ha na-akwọ, ma rụọ ọrụ n'ịmechi ahịa ọdụ́. EIA na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ maka mmechi nke ahịa ọdụ́ niile dị n'ime na nke mba ụwa.[18]
  • Pangolins bụ anụ na-enye nwa ara kachasị ere ahịa n'ụwa, a na-achụ maka azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị na ibe ha na anụ ha. EIA na-arụ ọrụ iji bulie mmanye megide ndị omempụ a haziri ahazi na-ere ahịa pangolins, na-enye ndị ọrụ mmanye ozi.[19]
  • EIA na-arụ ọrụ maka mgbake nke ọnụ ọgụgụ agụ ọhịa site n'ịkwado nkwụsị nke netwọk ndị omempụ mba na-etinye aka na azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị, dị ka mmepụta nke mmanya ọkpụkpụ agụ na-achọ iwu ka mma na nchedo nke ebe obibi ha ma na-ekpughe ọrụ nke ịzụ ahịa agụ na azụmahịa iwu kwadoro.[20]
  • EIA emeela map azụmahịa Wildlife na-emekọrịta ihe na-edekọ azụmahịa iwu na-akwadoghị na ụdị anụ ọhịa ụfọdụ dị ka ihe na-emeghe.[21]

Ọchịchị[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ka ọ na-erule 2020, EIA UK nwere ndị ọrụ 45. Ndị nlekọta EIA UK gụnyere James Arrandale, Pesh Framjee, Jennifer Lonsdale (onye guzobere), Alice Railton, John Stephenson (onye isi oche), Kit Stoner, Paul Townley na Allan Thornton (onye guzpụtara).[22]

N'afọ 2013, e debanyere aha Stichting EIA na Netherlands mana ọ nọgidere na-ehi ụra. N'afọ 2019, EIA UK kpebiri n'ihi Brexit, ịzụlite Stichting EIA dị ka ọfịs dị na Hague na-elekwasị anya na EU na Dutch na-ahụ maka iwu gburugburu ebe obibi.[23]

Ndị Nnyocha Anụmanụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 1995, Independent Television Network (ITV) gbasaa usoro TV a na-akpọ The Animal Detectives na UK. Goldhawk mepụtara usoro nke Carlton Television nyere iwu ya na ndị nchọpụta Eco, ụlọ ọrụ nke ndị nduzi nke EIA. Usoro ahụ, nke dabeere na ọrụ nyocha nzuzo nke EIA banyere azụmahịa nke ụdị dị n'ihe ize ndụ, gosipụtara ihe nkiri sitere na ihe nkiri nzuzo nke E IA. Usoro ahụ nwere ihe omume asaa, nke ọ bụla na-ekpuchi otu anụmanụ dị iche iche dị ka BEARS (01/06/1995), WHALES (25/05/1995), PARROTS (18/05/1995), WALRUS (11/05/1995), RHINOS (04/05/1995) TURTLES (30/03/1995) na MONKEYS (23/02/1995).[24]

Usoro ahụ meriri ihe nrite Media Natura maka ihe nkiri kachasị mma, Brigitte Bardot International Genesis Award (Los Angeles), na Gold Plaque na Chicago Documentary Film Festival.

Aha ọma[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'afọ 2007, Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke US kpọrọ EIA "ọrụ nyocha, akwụkwọ sayensị, na nnọchiteanya na mgbakọ mba ụwa ... nke dị irè ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma".[25] N'afọ 2008, BBC Wildlife Magazine kpọrọ EIA "otu nzukọ a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke ukwuu, nke na-eti ihe ike, nke na'egwu unyi".[26] Earth Touch kpọrọ EIA "dị ka FBI nke mpụ gburugburu ebe obibi".[27]

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. "Opinion: Drowning in plastic, will Japan take lead on a comprehensive global treaty?", Mainichi Daily News, 2022-02-18. Retrieved on 2022-02-28. (in en)
  2. "About us – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-01. (in en-GB)
  3. "Climate – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  4. "The Montreal Protocol – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  5. "EU F-Gas Regulation – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  6. "Energy efficiency – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  7. "Cooling technologies – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  8. "Forests – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  9. "Timber – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  10. Hurtes. "Europe Is Sacrificing Its Ancient Forests for Energy", The New York Times, 2022-09-07. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. (in en-US)
  11. "Palm oil – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  12. "Rights – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  13. "Ocean – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  14. "Plastic pollution – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  15. "Vaquita and totoaba – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  16. "Whales, dolphins and porpoises – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  17. "Wildlife – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  18. "Elephants – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  19. Helping pangolins - EIA. eia-international.org.
  20. "Tigers – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  21. "Trade Maps – EIA International", EIA International. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en-GB)
  22. Governance and annual accounts - EIA (en). eia-international.org (n.d.). Retrieved on 2022-09-07.
  23. EIA. STICHTING ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATION AGENCY POLICY PLAN 2021 -2023.
  24. British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 2012-10-10. Retrieved on 2008-08-17.
  25. EPA Quote.
  26. BBC Quote 1. Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved on 2008-06-05.
  27. "Could This New Report From the EIA Help End Wildlife Crime?", Earth Touch News Network. Retrieved on 2018-05-18. (in en)

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]