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Ụlọ Ọrụ Ugbo nke Vint Ugwu

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Vint Ugwu Ugbo ọdụ (VHFS) bụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha United States na Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa obodo (NSA) nke naahụ maka ihe ọmụma na agha eletrọniki nke dị na Fauquier County, Virginia, nso Warrenton. E mechiri VHFS na 1997 ma ree ala ahụ na 1999. Taa, saịtị ahụ nwere ụlọ ọrụ injinia na teknụzụ dị iche iche, yana ụlọ ọrụ abụọ Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) naachịkwa ụgbọelu.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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E guzobere Vint Hill Farms Station noge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na 1942 site na Signal Intelligence Service (SIS). E wuru ụlọ ọrụ 701-acre (284 hectare) nihi na ndị ag chọrọ ebe dị nchebe nakụkụ isi ụlọ ọrụ SIS na Arlington Hall iji rụọ ọrụ dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ cryptography na dị ka ụlọ ọrụ naedozi maka ndị mgbaàmà naalọta site na ọgụ tupu ha agafee mba ofesi.[1][2][3] Otu ahụ dị na ọdụ ahụ nwere Ụlọ Ọrụ Nlekọta Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ nke MS-1.[4][5] VHFS bụ otu nime ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo kachasị mkpa na United States nge agha ahụ, naarụ ọrụ dị mkpa nịge ntị na nkwukọrịta ndị iro.[1][3][6] Nafọ 1943, VHFS natara ozi sitere naka onye nnọchi anya Japan na Berlin nye ndị isi ya na Tokyo. O nyekwara nkọwa zuru ezu nke mgbidi ndị Nazi nakụkụ ụsọ oké osimiri France, General Dwight D. Eisenhower mechara kwuo na ozi ahụ nyere aka dị ukwuu na mwakpo D-Day na Normandy.[7]

Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, VHFS ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchebe Ndị Agha, nke nọ nokpuru NSA, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ naarụkwa ọrụ nzuzo nke mgbaàmà ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka ebe ọzụzụ maka ndị ọrụ redio, ndị naenyocha cryptanalysts, na ndị naarụzi redio.[8][3] Noge Agha Nzuzo, VHFS gbochiri nkwurịta okwu ndị isi Soviet na ndị agha zitere na teleprinters FISH.[6] Ọrụ Nkwadebe nke Ndị Agha Electronic Material kwagara na VHFS na 1961 ma jikwaa ọgụgụ isi mgbaàmà na ngwá agha eletrọniki na mmezi usoro maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchebe Ndị Agha na ndị ọzọ mgbaàmà na ndị agha eletrịọniki nụwa niile.[9][10]

Nafọ 1973, ọrụ VHFS gbanwere na nyocha, mmepe na nkwado nke ọgụgụ isi na agha elektrọnik maka ndị agha, Ngalaba Nchebe na ndị enyi mba ọzọ nke United States.[3] Na mgbakwunye, Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke US weghaara ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ntụgharị foto site na Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchebe Nchebe ma gbanwee aha ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkọwa Foto Naahụ maka Gburugburu ebe obibi.[9] Na ngwụcha afọ 1970, e tinyere VHFS na ndepụta mmechi ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha, ma kwụsị mmezi na owuwu niile na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. N'afọ 1981, e wepụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na ndepụta mmechi ma weghachite ego maka mmezi na iwu.[3]

Otu onye ọrụ VHFS gwara kọmitii nke ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya na 1977 na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ụlọ akụ nke igwe e mere iji gbochie nkwukọrịta mba ọzọ, gụnyere nke ndị enyi US, dị ka nkwukọrịta netiti ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya United Kingdom na Washington na London.[7][11][12] Associated Press kọrọ na 1989 na VHFS jere ozi dị ka "nnukwu ntị" nke NSA naarụ ọrụ, na ebumnuche ya nwere ike ịbụ ndị nnọchi anya mba ọzọ na Washington, D.C., yana nkwukọrịta mba ụwa naabata na United States.[2]

Nafọ 1987, e si na Army Intelligence and Security Command (onye nọchiri Army Security Agency) nyefee nchịkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Communications-Electronics Command, nke dị, noge ahụ, na Fort Monmouth, New Jersey.[3] Ntọala ahụ were ọrụ nkwado, naemepe ma naanwale ngwá ọrụ mgbaàmà ma naakwado ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ dịka Central Intelligence Agency na Federal Bureau of Investigation.[7]

The 1993 Base Realignment and Closure Commission tụrụ aro mmechi nke VHFS, nke gaemepụta nchekwa nke $ 10.5 nde kwa afọ. Noge ahụ, e nwere ndị ọrụ agha 846, ndị ọrụ nkịtị 1,356 na ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta 454 nọ nụlọ ọrụ ahụ. E zigara ọtụtụ nime ndị ọrụ na Fort Monmouth, ebe ndị ọzọ gara Fort Belvoir, Virginia. E weghachiri ndị ọrụ nzuzo naarụzi ma naarụzigharị ha na Tobyhanna Army Depot, Pennsylvania.[3]

Ọnụ ụzọ mbata nke ụlọ ọrụ FAA Potomac Consolidated TRACON

E mechiri VHFS na Septemba 30, 1997.[10] Ndị agha na Virginia State Vint Hill Farms Economic Development Authority kwenyere na ọnụahịa a zụrụ nke $ 925,000 maka VHFS, a rụzuru nnyefe nke ihe onwunwe ahụ na 1999.[3][9] Taa, saịtị ahụ nwere ụlọ ọrụ injinia na teknụzụ dị iche iche, ụlọ ọrụ Potomac Consolidated TRACON na, kemgbe 2011, FAA's Air Traffic Control System Command Center.[9][13][14]

Ebe ngosi nka nke Agha Nzuzo meghere na ala ahụ na Nọvemba 2011. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ naemeghe na ngwụsị izu (na noge ndị ọzọ site na nhọpụta), mana ọ naeji akụkụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe onwunwe ahụ. Ọ naebi nụlọ nwere okpukpu abụọ (nke a naeji eme ihe maka ebumnuche inye ihe mgbe ntọala ahụ meghere) n'akụkụ Covert Cafe, Vint Hill Craft Winery, na Old Bust Head Brewery.

E nwekwara ụlọ akwụkwọ ịgba egwú (Lyrique Dance) na ụlọ akwụkwọ mmega ahụ (Bull Run Academy of Gymnastics) na ala ahụ.

A naakpọ okporo ámá ndị dị na mmepe obibi nke naewepụta ọtụtụ VHFS ugbu a aha ndị dị mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke kọmputa. (Maka nkọwa, pịa coordinates na infobox dị nelu.)

Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ

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Templeeti:Historical populationsA kọwara Vint Hill Farms Station dị ka ebe a họpụtara maka ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ (CDP) na 1970, 1980, na 1990 United States Censuses. Ndị bi na ya sitere na 1,018 na 1970 ruo 1,332 na 1990, tupu emechie ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na 1997. Mpaghara ahụ bụzi akụkụ nke New Baltimore CDP. Ndị bi na VHFS ugbu a bụ ihe dịka 300.[9]

Hụkwa

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  • Ụlọ Nzukọ Arlington
  • Ebe Ọzụzụ Warrenton
  • Fort Monmouth
  • Ebe Nnyocha Aberdeen

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cryptologic Almanac. National Security Agency. Archived from the original on September 18, 2013. Retrieved on April 6, 2013.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Baskervill.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Pike.
  4. ↑ Guide to Cryptologic Acronyms & Abbreviations, 1940-1980 (October 2002). Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved on 6 Jul 2013.
  5. ↑ Eavesdropping on Hell: Historical Guide to Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust, 1939-1945 (2005). Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved on 6 Jul 2013.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bamford, pp. 19–20.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Baker.
  8. ↑ Schaus (1999). "M1857 Napoleon Finds A Home At Fort Belvoir, Va., Command". INSCOM Journal 20 (3). Retrieved on April 6, 2013. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Vint Hill Farms Station: Current Site Information. Environmental Protection Agency (May 2010). Retrieved on April 6, 2013.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 (2008) A History of Army Communications and Electronics at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, 1917-2007. Government Printing Office. 
  11. ↑ "Report Says the U.S. is Spying on British", New York Times, September 30, 1982, p. A8.
  12. ↑ Picton.
  13. ↑ Bamford, p. 663.
  14. ↑ FAA Moving Command Center to Vint Hill. Association of Defense Communities (March 8, 2011). Archived from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved on April 6, 2013.
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