Ụmụnne Banū Mūsā

Ụmụnne Banū Mūsā

group of brothers, collective pseudonym

ụdịekere	nwoke
mba o sị	Abbasid Caliphate
aha n'asụsụ obodo	بنو موسى
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya	800
Ebe ọmụmụ	Baghdad
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya	860
Ebe ọ nwụrụ	Baghdad
Ńnà	Mūsā ibn Shākir
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka	Persian, Arabic, Ancient Greek
ụdị ọrụ ya	geometry
WikiProject na-elekọta ya	WikiProject Mathematics
ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okike	copyrights on works have expired

  Ụmụnne atọ bụ Abū Ja’far, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shakir (tupu 803 – February 873); Abū al-Qāsim, Aḥmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shakir (nke narị afọ nke itoolu) na Al-Ḥasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shakir (nke narị afọ nke itoolu), bụ ndị ọkà mmụta Peshia bụ ndị bi na-arụ ọrụ na Baghdad(Àtụ:Lang-ar, "Sons of Àtụ:Transliteration

Banū Mūsā bụ ụmụ Mūsā ibn Shākir, onye bụ onye ọrụ al-Ma'mun, nwa nke onye Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid. Mgbe nna ha nwụsịrị, ụmụnne ahụ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru nduzi al-Ma'mun, ma debanye aha ha n'Ụlọ Amamihe na Baghdad. N'ebe ahụ, ha malitere ntụgharị nke ọrụ ndị Grik oge ochie ha nwetara na Byzantium, nke ha ji mepụta echiche teknụzụ, mgbakọ na mwepụ na nke mbara igwe. Ha bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta mbụ nabatara mgbakọ na mwepụ ndị Gris, mana ha na-eme ihe ọhụrụ n'ụzọ ha si emeso echiche nke mpaghara na gburugburu site na ịkọwa ha site na iji ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ kama iji ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ha mere nyocha geodesic iji chọpụta ogologo nke ogo latitude, ya mere ha nwetara uru ziri ezi maka gburugburu ụwa.

Banū Mūsā dere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ 20, ha niile ma e wezụga atọ furu efu ugbu a. Ihe kachasị mkpa n'ime ọrụ ha niile bụ akwụkwọ gbasara geometry, Kitāb Maʿrifah masāḥat al-ashkāl al-basīṭah wa-al-kuriyyah ("Akwụkwọ na-ahụ maka ịlele ụgbọelu na ihe osise dị gburugburu"), nke ndị na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ nke oge ochie ji mee ihe nke ọma. Ọrụ ha a ma ama (nke kachasị ochie na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya dị na Topkapi Sarayi na Istanbul) bụ Kitab al-Hiyal al-Naficah ("Akwụkwọ nke Ngwaọrụ Injinia"). Ọ na-akọwa 100 ihe e mepụtara, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ịwụsa arịa, nke e mere iji mee ndị ọbịa obi ụtọ. Ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ọhụrụ ha, dị ka ndị metụtara mgbanwe nrụgide mmiri na valvụ, nọgidere bụrụ ndị a na-apụghị imeri emeri ruo n'oge a. Otu n'ime ihe ndị ahụ e mepụtara gụnyere onye na-akpọ ọjà na-akpaghị aka nke nwere ike ịbụ igwe ma ọ bụ kọmputa mbụ a na-eme atụmatụ.

Nkọwa akụkọ ndụ

Afọ ndị mbụ

Moḥammad, Aḥmad, na Ḥasan bụ ụmụ nwoke atọ nke Mūsā ibn Shākir. [1] [2] na-edepụta ha mgbe niile n'ihe ndị ọkà mmụta na-eche na ọ bụ usoro nke ogo ha. [4] Peshia [3] Khorasan, [1] Mūsā bụ onye na-eme njem n'okporo ụzọ, mana a maara ya dị ka onye na-enyocha mbara igwe. [2][3][ihe odide ala ala peeji 1] Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie nke Ijipt bụ Al-Qifti si kwuo, a maara Mūsā ibn Shākir ka ọ hapụ akụkụ nke ụzọ site n'Ekpere Fraịdee ka ndị njem zuo ohi, tupu ọ laghachi n'ụlọ alakụba tupu ekpere ahụ agwụ.

Ebe e si nweta ya

• Bennison (2009). The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the 'Abbasid Empire. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-03001-5-227-2. 
• Bir (1990). The Book "Kitab Al-Hiyal" of Banu Musa Bin Shakir, interpreted in Sense of Modern System and Control Engineering. Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. OCLC 24991757. 
• Blake (2016). Astronomy and Astrology in the Islamic World. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-07486-4-911-2. 
• (PDF version) Casulleras (2007). "Banū Mūsā", in Hockey: Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, etal. Springer Publishers, 92Àtụ:Ndash94. DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_1433. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. 
• al-Dabbagh (1970). "Banū Mūsā", in Gillispie: Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner. ISBN 9780684101149. OCLC 755137603. 
• Gutas (1998). Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early ʻAbbāsid Society (2nd–4th/8th-10th centuries). New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-06132-2. 
• Hajar (2013). "The Air of History Part III: The Golden Age in Arab Islamic Medicine An Introduction". Heart Views 14 (1): 43Àtụ:Ndash46. DOI:10.4103/1995-705X.107125. ISSN 1995-705X. PMID 23580929. 
• Hill (1991). "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East". Scientific American 264 (5): 100–105. DOI:10.1038/scientificamerican0591-100. ISSN 0036-8733. 
•  
• Kennedy (1956). "A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 46 (2): 123–177. DOI:10.2307/1005726. ISSN 0065-9746. 
• al-Khalili (2011). The House of Wisdom: How Arabic Science Saved Ancient Knowledge and Gave us the Renaissance. New York: Penguin Press. ISBN 978-15942-0-279-7. 
• Long (2017). "Loudspeakers Optional: A history of non-loudspeaker-based electroacoustic music". Organised Sound 22 (2): 195Àtụ:Ndash205. DOI:10.1017/S1355771817000103. 
• Masood (2009). Science & Islam: A History. London: Icon Books. ISBN 978-18483-1-081-0. 
• (2005) in Meri: Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-11354-5-596-5. 
• Palmeri (2007). "Banū Mūsā", in Hockey: Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, etal. Springer Publishers, 1129Àtụ:Ndash1130. DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_1433. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. 
•  
• Rashed (2014). Classical Mathematics from Al-Khwarizmi to Descartes. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-13176-2-239-0. 

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

• Chaarani (24 June 2021). The Automatic Mechanical Hydraulic Organ of the Banu Musa ibn Shakir. Muslim Heritage. Foundation for Science, Technology and Civilisation, UK (FSTCUK). Retrieved on 21 March 2023.
• (2012) in al-Hassini: 1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy of Muslim Civilization, 3rd, Washington, DC: National Geographic Society. ISBN 978-1-4262-0934-5. 
• (2009) in Rashed: Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-40360-0. 
• Rashed (2012). in El-Bizri: Founding Figures and Commentators in Arabic Mathematics: A History of Arabic Sciences and Mathematics. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-11366-2-000-3. 

Nsụgharị

• (PDF version) [9th century] (1979) in Hill: The Book of Ingenious Devices. Dortrecht, Netherlands; Boston; London: D. Reidel. ISBN 978-90277-0-833-5. 
• Muḥammad ibn MūsáIbn Shākir [before 873] (1885). Der liber trium fratrum de geometria, Nova acta der KSL. Leop.-Carol. Deutschen akademie der naturforscherbd. 49. Nr. 2 (in la, de). Halle: Druck von E. Blochmann & sohn. 
• (1831) in Rosen: The Algebra of Mohammed ben Musa. London: John Murray. OCLC 1039506129. 

Njikọ mpụga

• Mgbasa ozi metụtaraBanū Mūsāna Wikimedia Commons
• Ndepụta nke ọrụ Banū Mūsā sitere na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Islamic Scientific Manuscripts Initiative (ISMI)
• Ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke Injinia: Al-Jazari na ihe omume Banu Musa TV sitere na Al Jazeera (25 nkeji)
• Meier (12 April 2016). The 9th-Century Islamic "Instrument Which Plays by Itself". Hyperallergic. Retrieved on 21 March 2023.