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Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmiri na ịdị ọcha

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The Àtụ:Circa, Pyramid of Sahure, Achọpụtara na ụlọ nsọ dị n'akụkụ ụlọ nsọ dị na Abusir nwere netwọk nke ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ ọla kọpa.[1pipes.[1]

Qanat na Kashan na-apụta n'ime Ogige Fin; a na-eche na ọ jeere mpaghara Sialk nke Iran ozi ọtụtụ puku afọ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke inye mmiri na ịdị ọcha bụ otu n'ime ihe ịma aka iji nye Mmiri dị ọcha na usoro ịdị ọcha kemgbe mmalite nke Mmepeanya. Ebe mmiri, akụrụngwa ma ọ bụ usoro nhicha ahụ ezughi oke, ọrịa gbasara ma ndị mmadụ dara ọrịa ma ọ bụ nwụọ n'oge.

Onye na-eme njem n'ime mbara igwe Jack Lousma na-asa ahụ na mbara igwe, 1974

Obodo ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịmalite naanị ebe mmiri dị ọcha dị n'elu dị ọtụtụ, dị ka n'akụkụ osimiri ma ọ bụ isi iyi. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị mmadụ emeela usoro iji mee ka ịnweta mmiri n'ime obodo na ezinụlọ ha na iwepụ (ma mesịa gwọọ) Mmiri mkpofu dị mfe.

Ihe a n'elekwasị anya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọgwụgwọ nsị bụ ibufe nsị na mmiri sitere n'okike, dịka osimiri ma ọ bụ oké osimiri, ebe a ga-agbanye ya ma kpochapụ ya. A na-ewu ụlọ ndị mmadụ n'oge mbụ n'akụkụ isi iyi mmiri. Osimiri ga-abụkarị ụdị mkpofu mmiri.

N'ime ọtụtụ pụkụ afọ, teknụzụ amụbaala nke ukwụụ ebe a g'ebugharị mmiri. Ọzọkwa, usoro ọgwụgwọ iji mee ka mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị ọcha na iji gwọọ mmiri mkpofu emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma.

Ndị mba Mesopotamian webatara paịpụ mmiri nsị n'ihe dị ka n'oge 4000 BCE, na ihe atụ ndị mbụ a chọtara n'ụlọ nsọ Bel na Nippur na Eshnunna, [2] nke a n'eji ewepụ mmiri nsụ site na saịtị, ma weghara mmiri ozuzo, na olulu mmiri. Obodo Uruk gosikwara ihe atụ mbụ nke ụlọ mposi e ji brik rụọ, site na 3200 BCE.[3][4] E mechara jiri ọkpọkọ ụrọ mee ihe n'obodo Hattusa nke Ndị Het.[5] Ha nwere akụkụ ndị a n'ewepụ n'ụzọ dị mfe na ndị a na'ọnọdụ ha, ma nye ohere maka ihicha.

E wuru usoro nhicha mbụ n'ime mba Iran prehistoric na nso ọbọdọ Zabol.[2]A n'eji qanats na ab anbars nke ndị Peshia eme ihe maka inye mmiri na ịjụ oyi.

The Àtụ:Circa, Pyramid of Sahure, and adjoining temple complex at Abusir, was discovered to have a network of copper drainage pipes.[6]

  1. ↑ Bunson (2014-05-14). Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (in en). Infobase Publishing, 6. ISBN 978-1-4381-0997-8. Retrieved on 25 May 2020. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Burke (2017-04-24). FLUORIDATED WATER CONTROVERSY. Lulu Press, Incorporated. ISBN 9781365912870. Retrieved on 4 August 2017.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "FLUORIDATED WATER CONTROVERSY" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Mitchell (2016-03-03). Sanitation, Latrines and Intestinal Parasites in Past Populations (in en). Routledge, 22. ISBN 978-1-317-05953-0. Retrieved on 25 May 2020. 
  4. ↑ Wald (2016-05-26). "The secret history of ancient toilets" (in en). Nature News 533 (7604): 456–458. DOI:10.1038/533456a. PMID 27225101. Retrieved on 14 May 2020. 
  5. ↑ Burney (2004-04-19). Historical Dictionary of the Hittites (in en). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6564-8. Retrieved on 25 May 2020. 
  6. ↑ Bunson (2014-05-14). Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (in en). Infobase Publishing, 6. ISBN 978-1-4381-0997-8. Retrieved on 25 May 2020. 
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