Alume

^[1]Alume ( Acjachemen : "na-ebuli isi n'ile anya elu") [1] [2] bụ nnukwu obodo Acjachemen dị n'etiti Trabuco Creek na Tijeras Creek na Rancho Santa Margarita, California. Edekọkwara obodo ahụ dị ka Alaugna na El Trabuco dị na iche ozi San Juan Capistrano, a na-akpọkwa ya Alauna, Aluna na Alona . ^[2] ^[3]

^[4]Obodo a dị n'egwú Santiago Peak site na obodo Putiidhem n'ime ugbu a O'Neill Regional Park dị nso na Trabuco Adobe, nke e wuru na 1810 dị ka ebe mgbapụ nke Mission San Juan Capistrano. [1] [2] [3] Payómkawichum kweka na obodo ahụ.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

^[5]Na Julaị 24-25th 1769, njem Portolá Safar n'obodo nta ahụ. [1] Juan Crespí kwuru na "enwere iyi na oghere a [Trabuco Creek] nke nwere mmiri mmiri kacha mma na nke dị ọcha nke anyị rutere ugbu a," na-edekwa n'ihu, "anyị mere nhọrọ dị nso na obodo nta. nke ndị na-enwe ikike kacha nwee ike ime na enyi anyị.

^[1] E mere mmadụ 60 sitere n'ime ime obodo baputiziisi dị iche iche nke ọrụ colonial ntughari Ndị ahịa nke ụmụ amaala na ndị ọrụ Spanish na California n'etiti 1777 na 1787.^[6]

^[7]Tecla María Huinauhuegen nke Zoucche Tecla María Huinauhuegen, onye bụ onye nke asaa e mere baputiziiz na San Juan Capistrano mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ n'April 1779 bụ ada nke otu nwoke aha ya bụ Chaquel. Na 1780, ọ ga-aga n'ihu ịlụ José Ygnacio Paichi nke Tobani si Doheny Beach na August. naanị otu nwa n'ime dị na ozi a ga-eto eto. [1] Nke a bụ ihe a na- n'oge oge ozi ahụ n'ihi colonial, ebe, dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye ozi ala ọzọ n'oge a dekọrọ na atọ n'ime LED anɔ na Mission San Gabriel tupu. ha eruo afọ. [2] Edekọrọ nwa a dị ka Manuel Romano na San Juan Capistrano mission records, onye ọmụmụ Antonina Ayanequit nke obodo Alauna na 1801.

^[8]

N'afọ 1810, e wuru Trabuco Adobe n'ekiri ebe obodo ahụ dị ka ebe mgbapụ nke San Juan Capistrano. [1] Dị ka obodo Acjachemen ndị ọzọ, Alume nwere ike ịgwụ ya site nawanye nke Mission San Juan Capistrano. Na 1810, ozi ahụ enweela ndị obodo ma ọ bụ "neophyte" nke 1,136. Ka ọ na-erule 1833 e mewo ihe ụmụaka ndị obodo 4,317 (1,689 ndị okenye na edi 2,628), medị ndị si n’obodo nta Acjachemen gbara ya gburugburu, mee bapuisi n’ozi ahụ. N'otu apụ ahụ, e dekọrọ na mmadụ 3,158 anwụwo n'otu oge ahụ, na-egosi dị njọ nke ozi ahụ ná ndụ ndị obodo.

Hụkwa

Obodo amụrụ amị amị dị na Orange County, California :

Acjacheme
Ahunx
Genga
Hutukgna
Lupukngna
Moyongna
Pajbenga
Piwiva
Puhú
Putiidhem
Totpavit

Ntụaka

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Merriam (1968). in Heizer: University of California Archaeological Survey. Berkeley: University of California Archaeological Research Facility, 123. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Greene. Mapping the Tongva villages of L.A.'s past (en). www.latimes.com. Retrieved on 2022-12-10.
↑ (1971) Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 48. University of California Press, 108.
↑ Kroeber (1957). Ethnographic Interpretations. University of California Press, 287.
↑ Brigandi (2013). Orange County chronicles. ISBN 978-1-62584-588-7. OCLC 914181947.
↑ Koerper (2002). Catalysts to complexity : late Holocene societies of the California coast, Jon Erlandson, Terry L. Jones, Jeanne E. Arnold, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA, Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA, 64–66, 79. ISBN 978-1-938770-67-8. OCLC 745176510.
↑ Johnson (2001). Descendants of Native Communities in the Vicinity of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton An Ethnohistoric Study of Luiseño and Juaneño Cultural Affiliation.
↑ (2003) Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico. Volume III, N to S, Frederick Webb Hodge, Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, 445–446. ISBN 978-1-58218-755-6. OCLC 647873186.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Merriam (1968). in Heizer: University of California Archaeological Survey. Berkeley: University of California Archaeological Research Facility, 123. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content

[2] Greene. Mapping the Tongva villages of L.A.'s past (en). www.latimes.com. Retrieved on 2022-12-10.

[3] (1971) Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 48. University of California Press, 108.

[:3-4] Kroeber (1957). Ethnographic Interpretations. University of California Press, 287.

[:4-5] Brigandi (2013). Orange County chronicles. ISBN 978-1-62584-588-7. OCLC 914181947.

[:1-6] Koerper (2002). Catalysts to complexity : late Holocene societies of the California coast, Jon Erlandson, Terry L. Jones, Jeanne E. Arnold, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA, Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA, 64–66, 79. ISBN 978-1-938770-67-8. OCLC 745176510.

[:2-7] Johnson (2001). Descendants of Native Communities in the Vicinity of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton An Ethnohistoric Study of Luiseño and Juaneño Cultural Affiliation.

[:6-8] (2003) Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico. Volume III, N to S, Frederick Webb Hodge, Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, 445–446. ISBN 978-1-58218-755-6. OCLC 647873186.

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