Asụsụ Mele-Fila
| Mele-Fila Ifira-Mele | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Vanuatu | |
| Region: | Efate, Ifira Island | |
| Total speakers: | 3,500 | |
| Language family: | Tustrunizit Malayo-Polynesian Oceanic Polynesian Futunic ? Mele-Fila | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | mxe | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Mele-Fila (Ifira-Mele) bụ Asụsụ Polynesia a na-asụ na Mele na Ifira na agwaetiti Efate na Vanuatu . N'agbanyeghị ọdịiche ha, Mele na Fila bụ olumba abụọ nke otu asụsụ ma na-aghọta ibe ha. French [1] Bekee bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị n'etiti ndị bi na Efate.
Mele-Fila bụ asụsụ a na-asụ kwa ụbọchị maka ndị bi n'obodo Mele na Fila Island. Obodo Mele, nke nwere mmadụ 1,000, dị ihe dịka kilomita 7 n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Port Vila, isi obodo mba ahụ. [1] Island, nke nwere mmadụ 400, dị ihe dị ka 1.5km n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Vila.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Dabere na ihe akaebe nke ihe ochie, a ghọtara na ndị na-asụ asụsụ Austronesian malitere n'àgwàetiti Taiwan ihe dị ka afọ 6000 gara aga. Ụfọdụ [2]'ime ụmụ ha guzobere Mmepeanya Lapita, bụ ndị ji ụgbọ mmiri gaa Oceania dịpụrụ adịpụ, gụnyere Vanuatu, ihe dị ka afọ 3,200 gara aga.
Ndị bi na Mele-Fila bụ ndị Polynesia outliers, bụ ndị si Central Polynesia (Tonga, Samoa) n'ime puku afọ abụọ gara aga.
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Alveolo-palatal<br id="mwLw"> | Velar | Mkpịsị aka | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egwu egbugbere ọnụ<br id="mwOA"> | ala dị larịị | ||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | mw | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Plosive | pw | p | t | t͡ɕ | k | ||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | enweghị olu | f | s | ||||
| kwuru okwu | v | ||||||
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | r | ||||||
| Ihe atụ | w | l | h | ||||
Asụsụ a bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti asụsụ Polynesia maka ụdaume ya /tɕ/. [3]'asụsụ Fila, /p/ na /m/ adịghị iche na ibe ha.: 948
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elu | i | u | |
| N'etiti | na | o | |
| Ala Dị Ala | a |
Mele vowel yiri vowel ndị ọzọ Polynesian dị ka e nwere /i e o u/ ogologo na mkpụmkpụ. Ih[1] karịrị ọkara nke okwu ndị e ji mee ihe n'asụsụ ahụ sitere n'asụsụ Proto Polynesian.A na-edebe ụdaume mbụ a na-ekwusi ike, ebe a na-ewepụ ụdaume mbụ na-enweghị nrụgide.
- "Ex: English: mgbe ahụ, Mele: gafuru, PPN: angafulu"
- "Ihe atụ: Bekee: ụnyaahụ, Mele: nanafi, PPN: ananfi" [1]
Isiokwu na okwu ndị nwere ụdaume ogologo na-enweghị nrụgide na-enwekarị ụdaume ha na-enweghị nkwụsịtụ: [1]
- Dị ka ihe atụ: ruú ́́are - "Ụlọ abụọ"
- Ihe atụ: ru pókasi - "ezì abụọ"
Ìgwè ụdaume (ụdọ nke ụdaume na-enweghị ụdaume) dị, mana enwere ike ịmepụta ya naanị site na njikọta atọ a: [3]:: 949
Mmetụta okwu na-adaba na nkeji nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ. Okwu Mele-Fila [3]-enwekarị ọ dịkarịa ala ụdaume atọ.[1]:: 948 Dị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ Polynesia, nke a chọrọ ịgụta ụdaume ogologo dị ka ụdaume abụọ.
Mele-Fila gbaziri [3] ukwuu n'asụsụ Efate nke Vanuatu.[3]:: 948 Ọ gbazitekwara site na Bekee na French site na Bislama, otu n'ime asụsụ mba Vanuatu na Asụsụ Creole.:: 948 Nke a emeela ka usoro mkpụrụedemede ya kwe ka (C) VC consonants nakwa (C) v. [3][3]:: 949 ">: 949 Consonants nwere ike ịbụ geminated (olu dị ogologo), nke na-egosi na aha bụ ọtụtụ. : 949
Nchịkọta okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mele-Fila nwere isiokwu - Verb - usoro ahịrịokwu ihe. [1]
Akụkụ okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke "okwu mkparịta ụka": [1]
- Ee - ọ bụghị nke ọdịnihu (oge gara aga ma ọ bụ ugbu a)
- Tee - ebumnuche (ọ pụkwara ịpụta ọdịnihu ozugbo)
- Too (roo na onye nke atọ) - ọdịnihu
- Kuu - na-egosi mmalite ma ọ bụ mmezu nke omume / ihe omume
- Kaa - eji eme ihe mgbe ị na-agwa ndị ikwu gị okwu n'okpuru ọnọdụ gị
- Kee (nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe) - nke e chepụtara echepụta
- Ihe ịrịba ama nke a na-eji eme ihe /kee/ (nke a na-ahụkarị)
- Ihe ịrịba ama nke a na-eji tupu ngwaa /see/ eme ihe naanị na ee ma ọ bụ tee okwu
- Nnukwu ihe onwunwe- eji eme ihe maka ezigbo ihe onwunwa na mmekọrịta ezinụlọ ụfọdụ (nwere + n (a) + Onye nwe)
- Intimate possession - mmekọrịta dị n'etiti akụkụ / oghere na mmekọrịta ezinụlọ ụfọdụ
- Noki - ugboro ugboro / ihe a na-ahụkarị (mgbe niile)
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- A na-etinye ihe ndị dị na Mele-Fila na nchịkọta Arthur Capell (AC1 na AC2) nke Paradisec nwere.
- Biggs (1975). Mele-Fila Vocabulary.
- Clark (1975). Mele Notes.
- Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Asụsụ Polynesia
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Northern Vanuatu dị ka Pacific Crossroads: The Archaeology of Discovery, Interaction, and the Emergence of the "ethnographic Present". Atụmatụ Eshia. Mahadum nke Hawai'i Press. 47 (1): 95–120. JSTOR 42928734.
- Asụsụ Austronesian nke Robert Blust dere ([1])
- WALS Online [2]
- Commonwealth: http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/vanuatu/akụkọ ihe mere emehttps://web.archive.org/web/20150628045728/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/vanuatu/history
- Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu: https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/vanuatu.htm
- http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/vanuatu-population/
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
gara aga. Ụfọdụ 'ime ụmụ ha guzobere Mmepeanya Lapita, bụ ndị ji ụgbọ mmiri gaa Oceania dịpụrụ adịpụ, gụnyere Vanuatu, ihe dị ka
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Clark (1975). Mele Notes. Clark, Ross (1975). Mele Notes.
- ↑ Bedford, Stuart; Spriggs, Matthew. 2008. Northern Vanuatu as a Pacific Crossroads: The Archaeology of Discovery, Interaction, and the Emergence of the "Ethnographic Present". Asian Perspectives 47 (1), 95-120.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Tryon (1 June 2011). Comparative Austronesian Dictionary: An Introduction to Austronesian Studies. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3110884011. Tryon, Darrell T. (1 June 2011). Comparative Austronesian Dictionary: An Introduction to Austronesian Studies. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3110884011.