Asụsụ Rawang
| Rawang Rvwàng | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Myanmar, India, China, Thailand | |
| Total speakers: | 63,000 | |
| Language family: | Sino-Tibetan Nungish RawangTempleeti:Infobox Language/script | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | raw | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Rawang, nke a makwaara dị ka Krangku, Kiutze (Qiuze) , na Ch'opa, bụ Asụsụ Sino-Tibetan nke India na Burma. Rawang nwere oke ọdịiche dị n'ime, ụfọdụ ụdị anaghị aghọta ibe ha. Otú [1] dị, ọtụtụ n'ime ha ghọtara Mutwang (Matwang), asụsụ ọkọlọtọ, na ntọala nke Rawang edere.
A na-asụ Rawang na Putao District, n'ebe ugwu Kachin State, na Putaos, Machanbaw, Naungmaw, Kawnglangphu, na Pannandin townships (Ethnologue). Aha ndị ọzọ bụ Chiutse, Ch'opa, Ganung-Rawang, Hkanung, Kiutze, Nung, Nung Rawang, na Qiuze.
Asụsụ ndị metụtara Matwang nwere [1]% ruo 99% yiri okwu. Asụsụ Kyaikhu Lungmi [1] Changgong Tangsar nwere nghọta dị ala na Matwang. Rawang [1] Drung nwere 74% yiri okwu, 79%-80% na Aniong, 81%-87% na Renyinchi (Langdaqgong Tangsar), 77% na Changgong Tangsar, 74%-85% na Lungmi, na 74%-80% na Daru-Jerwang.
Ụdị dị iche iche
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ethnologue depụtara ụdị Rawang ndị a.
- Daru-Jerwang (gụnyere ụdị Kunglang a na-asụ na Arunachal Pradesh)
- Khrangkhu/Thininglong (Southern Lungmi) (nke edere na Shintani 2018[2])
- Kyaikhu (Dangraq-Mashang, Northern Lungmi)
- Matwang
- Tangsar East (Changgong)
- Tangsar West (Langdaqgong, Renyinchi)
- Thaluq
Ụdị Lungmi nke Mashang na Dangraq dị iche iche, na ụdị ndị a na-asụ n'akụkụ ókèala Tibet dịkwa iche iche.
Kyaikhu Lungmi na Changgong Tangsar anaghị aghọta ihe dị iche iche nke Matwang.
E nwere 4 isi nkewa agbụrụ Rawang, na mgbakwunye na subclans (Ethnologue):
- Lungmi
- Matwang
- Daru-Jerwang (nke Daru na Zørwang mejupụtara [3])
- Tangsar
Asụsụ Dvru (Daru) gụnyere Malong, Konglang, Awiqwang, na Rvmøl. A na-asụ Tangsar n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Rvmøl, na Waqkongdam na Mvtwang n'ebe ndịda nke Rvvmøl. Ezinụlọ ndị [4]-asụ Rvmøl gụnyere Ticewang/Tisanwang/Ticvlwang/Chicvlwang, Abør, Chømgunggang, Chvngdvng, Dvngnólcv̀l/Dvngnóycv̀m, Dv Berlinv̀m.
Wadamkhong bụ olumba Rawang nke Shintani dere (2014). [5]
[6] (2017) [7] [8] [9] na-enye nkọwa gbasara ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ na ndepụta foneme maka asụsụ Rawang ndị a.
- Asụsụ Dvrù: nke agbụrụ Rvwàng, Konglang, na Sangnay na-asụ, a na-asakwa ya na mbụ n'elu osimiri Rvmetì (N'mai Hka) n'ebe ugwu Konglangpø. A na-asụkwa ya na Nokmong, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar.
- Rvmø̀l Rvwàng: asụsụ ndịda Dvrù nke a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu Konglangpø, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar. Ọ bụ n'etiti ọdịda anyanwụ Dvngsar, Waqdvmkong (n'ebe ugwu Mvtwàng), na olumba Dvrù.
- Asụsụ Krvngku: a na-asụ ya na ndịda Lungmi, Rvwàng, site n'obodo Rv́zà (ọ dịghịzi kemgbe etiti afọ 1960). Obodo nta a dị n'elu iyi Krang, nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke osimiri Mvliq na steeti Kachin, Myanmar.
- Asụsụ ọdịda anyanwụ Dvngsar (Tangsar): nke ezinụlọ Mvpáng na-asụ. A na-asụ ya na mbụ n'akụkụ osimiri Renyinchi na Langdaqgong dị n'ebe ugwu Konglangpø, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar.
Tadahiko Shintani edepụtakwala asụsụ Wadamkhong, [10] Khwingsang, [11] Agu, [12] na Dingra [13] .
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpụrụ okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Ezé / Alveolar |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | enweghị olu | p | t̪ | k | |||
| kwuru okwu | b | d̪ | ɡọ | ||||
| Africate | enweghị olu | ts | tʃ | ||||
| kwuru okwu | dz | dʒ | |||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | s | ʃ | h | ||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n̪ | ŋ | ||||
| Rhotic | Ọdịdị | ||||||
| Ihe atụ | w | l̪ | j | ||||
- /w/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [v] n'ihu ụdaume ihu.
- [14] na-anụ nkwụsịtụ olu mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ndị na-ekwu okwu.
Mkpụrụedemede
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i | Ọdịdị | u |
| N'etiti | na | ə | o |
| Emeghe | a |
Usoro ide ihe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si][15] Myanmar, e meela ka asụsụ Matwang nke Rawang bụrụ nke Romanized, ebe usoro orthography Derung na Anung dị na China.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Myanmar. Ethnologue: Languages of the World (2016). Archived from the original on 2016-10-10.
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2018. The Khrangkhu language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area, no. 114. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Tournadre (2023). The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Paris: LACITO. ISBN 978-2-490768-08-0.
- ↑ Straub, Nathan. 2016. Direction and time reference in the Rvmøl (Dvru) dialect of Rawang, from northern Myanmar. M.A. dissertation. Chiang Mai: Payap University.
- ↑ Shintani Tadahiko. 2014. The Wadamkhong language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area (LSTCA) no. 103. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Numeral Systems of the World.
- ↑ Numeral Systems of the World.
- ↑ Numeral Systems of the World. Archived from the original on 2018-07-19. Retrieved on 2024-02-28.
- ↑ Numeral Systems of the World.
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2014. The Wadamkhong language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area, no. 103. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2018. The Khwingsang language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area, no. 113. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2023. The Agu language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area, no. 146. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Shintani, Tadahiko. 2023. The Dingra language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area, no. 147. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- ↑ Morse (1988). A short update on Rawang phonology, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, Vol. 11, No. 2, 120–132.
- ↑ Bradley (2002). "The Subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman", in Beckwith: Brill's Tibetan studies library. 2,6: PIATS 2000: Tibetan studies: Leiden 2000 / ed. by Christopher I. Beckwith, Proceedings of the ... seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Leiden Köln: Brill, 73–112. ISBN 978-90-04-12424-0.