Asụsụ Tarama
| Obere ụdị nke | Miyako |
|---|---|
| Mba/obodo | Japan |
| Ụmụ amaala ka | Tarama |
| Dialect of | Miyako |
| Usoro ederede | Kanji, hiragana, katakana |
Asụsụ Tarama bụ asụsụ ndị Japan a na-asụ n'àgwàetiti Tarama na Minna fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ndị mmadụ na-ebighị na ya, abụọ n'ime Agwaetiti Miyako nke Japan. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Miyakoan, mana nghọta dị ala. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị ndị agadi na-asụ ya.
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpụrụedemede
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Tarama nwere ụdaume anọ bụ isi, na ụdaume atọ dị n'akụkụ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. dị na okwu ndị a kpaara ókè.
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i | Ọdịdị | u |
| N'etiti | na (e) | (ə) | (o) |
| Emeghe | a |
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. bụ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. n'etiti ụdaume na-enweghị olu, ma ọ bụghị ya Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. mgbe plosives gasịrị, na [ɨ] n'ebe ọzọ:
- [ps̩tu] 'onye', Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. 'acha odo odo', Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. 'aka nri'
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found., Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found.,Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found., **lɨ/ anaghị eme. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. agbanweela Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found., Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found.,Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. na Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found..
Mkpụrụ okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Tarama kwuru na ọ kwụsịrị:
| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Alveolar | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ụgbọ imi | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | |
| Plosive | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. |
| Africate | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | ||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | |
| Rhotic | __ibo____ibo__ ỌdịdịNkọwaỌdịdị | ||
| Ihe atụ | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. | |
'l' bụ retroflex lateral flap, nke a na-ahụkwa n'Asụsụ Irabu (Jarosz p. 43). Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found. na-apụta dị ka mkpụrụedemede codas, dị ka paịl 'to grow' (Japanese haeru), psks 'to pull' (Japanish hiku).
Anụ abụọ ahụ nwere ike ịbụ syllabic, dịka na mm 'poteto' na Nna 'ụdọ'. 'Onsets' gụnyere ụdaume geminate, dị ka na ssam 'efu' na faub 'nwa'. Ma ọ bụghị ya, naanị ụyọkọ ụdaume bụ /Cj/, dịka na kjuu 'today', sjata 'sugar'. Sonorants nwere ike ịm mkpụrụedemede na okwu, dịka na kan 'crab', mim 'ear', na tul 'bird'. Usoro ụdaume gụnyere ụdaume ogologo Vː na 'diphthongs' Vi, na Vɨ. A na-enyocha usoro a dị ka mkpụrụedemede, mana ụdaume geminate mbụ, ụdaume ogologo na diphthongs niile bụ bimoraic, na codas bụkwa moraic, nke mere na dịka ssam bụ moras atọ (Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Yesno' not found.. Okwu phonological ga-abụrịrị ogologo abụọ.
Orthography
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| /a/ | /i/ | [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] | /u/ | /e/ | /o/ | /ə/ | /ja/ | /ju/ | /jo/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /Ø/ | あ /a/ [a] |
Ihe omuma /i/ [i] |
z[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |
Kanji /u/ [u] |
え /e/ [e] |
お /o/o] |
エ /ə/ [ə] |
Oh /ya/ [ja] |
ゆ /yu/ [ju] |
Ha / m / [jo] |
| /k/ | [ka] |
き /ki/ [ki] |
s[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |
??? /ku/ |
け /ke/ [ke] |
あ /ko/ |
[Kụ] |
き!! /kya/ [kja] |
きゅ /kyu/ [kju] |
き__wol____wol____wol__ /kyo/ [kjo] |
| /g/ | Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri /ga/ |
ぎ /gi/ [gi] |
Grik / gz] |
ぐ /gu/ [gu] |
Nlaghachi /ge/ |
Nchịkọta /go/ |
Ogwe /gə/ |
N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka ị na-eme ihe n'oge na-adịghị anya |
ぎゅ /gyu/ [gju] |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ "gyo" |
| /s/ | [ya] |
desu ぃ /si/ [si] |
desu /Sɨ] |
desu / ya/ |
Ji /se/ |
N'ime /so/ [so] |
desuェ /sə/ |
|||
| /dz/ | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ihe nkiri |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n"ụlọ mkpọrọ |
N'oge a na-adịghị anya |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n"oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya |
Ọ bụ ihe a na-eme n'oge a |
Ntinye /dzə/ [dzə] |
||||
| /sh/ | N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ "Kie" |
し /shi/ [ɕi] |
し /ゅshu/ [ɕu] |
[ɕe] |
紅衣 / sho/ [ɕo] |
|||||
| /j/ | Ihe kpatara ya bụ |
じ /ji/ [nke] |
じゅ /ju/ |
じ委 /je/ [nke] |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ |
|||||
| /z/ | ズ宜 /za/ [za] |
ズぃ /zi/ [zi] |
Onye na-agụ akwụkwọ /ju/ [zu] |
ズ委 /ze/ [ze] |
ズ cat /zo/ [zo] |
|||||
| /t/ | A na-akpọ ya /ta |
ぃ /ti/ [ti] |
N'ihi ya, ị ga-enwe ike |
N'elu /te/ |
[na] |
|||||
| /d/ | Nkwupụta /da/ |
Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ mgbe a ga-eji |
Onye na-agụ akwụkwọ ikike |
Ya /de/ |
Ọ ga-abụ /do/ |
|||||
| /ch/ | Ugboro /cha/ [tɕa] |
ち /chi/ [tɕi] |
つ /chön/ [tɕɨ] |
ちゅ /chu/ [tɕu] |
ち委 /che/ [tɕe] |
N'ihu /cho/ [tɕo] |
つェ /chə/ [tsə] |
|||
| /n/ | Tian /na [na] |
Ugboro / ugboro |
Mgbapụta /nu/ [nu] |
ね /ne/ [ne] |
の / Mba/ [Mba] |
N'ihi ya, ị ga-asị na ị ga-abụ na ị ga na-abụ na |
N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị mma |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n"ụlọ | ||
| /h/ | は /ha/ [ha] |
Capitol /hi/ |
Onye isi ala /hu/ |
Ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-abụ na ọ ga |
Ọ bụ ya ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ ya ka |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n"ụlọ mkpọrọ ka a na-akpọ "Hea" |
Capitol /ゅhyu/ [hju] |
Nchịkọta /hyo/ [hjo] | ||
| /p/ | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ "pa" |
Egwuregwu /pi/ [pi] |
Akara ndị e dere n'as |
ぷ /pu/ [pu] |
N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị |
Kodo / po/ [po] |
Akara /pə/ [pə] |
N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-adị n'oge a. |
Ịkụ /ゅpyu/ [pju] |
Ịkpọ anụ / pyo/ [pjo] |
| /b/ | Ọ bụ onye na-eto eto /ba |
び /bi/ [bi] |
Akụkọ ihe mere eme<z id="mwAlc"/> |
ぶ /bu/ [bu] |
Ihe na-eme ka a mara ya |
Interior /bo/ [bo] |
Oge ezumike /bə/ |
び!! /bya/ [bja] |
びゅ /byu/ [bju] |
び__wol____wol____wol__ /byo/ [bjo] |
| /m/ | Mkpụrụ /ma |
み /mi/ [mi] |
ミ゚ |
む /mu/ [mu] |
め /me/ [m] |
Ọ bụ n'oge ochie ka a na-akpọ |
ミ゚ェ /mə/ [mə] |
N'ihi na ị chọrọ ka ị hụ na ị chọrọ |
み /ゅmyu/ [mju] |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ "myo" |
| /f/ | A na-eji /fa/ [fa] |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a ga-eji eji eme ihe |
N'ihi na ha na-enwetụbeghị |
N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a ga-eji ejiji eme ihe |
Ihe omuma nke mbu /fe/ |
Ojiji a na-akpọ /fo |
Nnukwu nnụnụ |
|||
| /v/ | A na-akpọ /va/ [va] |
ヴぃ /vi/ [vi] |
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |
ヴ授 /vu/ [vu] |
ヴ委 /ve/ [ve] |
ヴ cat /vo/ [vo] |
Ọ bụ mgbe niile ka a ga-eji na-eme ihe |
|||
| /ʋ/ | Ntinye aha / Ntinye |
[ʋo] |
||||||||
| /r/* | __ibo__ Nkwado /ra/ [ɾa] |
り /ri/ [ɾi] |
Rị /ru/ [ɾu] |
Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ka a ghara ime ihe |
ろ /ro/ [ɾo] |
!! /rya/ [ɾja] |
り /ゅryu/ [ɾju] |
__wol__ /ryo/ [ɾjo] | ||
| ん /N/ [n,ŋ] |
ム /M/ [m] |
ヴ /V/ [v] |
Akara na-adịghị mma |
ー /ː/ [ː] |
っ (ọgwụgwụ) /ʔ/ [ʔ] |
っ /Q/ [k, g, s, dz, ɕ, d, tɕ, b, p, f] | ||||
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. [2] (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị icụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. [3] (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.he.
- ↑ 渡久山 (2020). "南琉球宮古語多良間方言辞典": 1–555. DOI:10.15084/00003108.
- ↑ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
- ↑ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu asụsụ Miyako, Okinawa Center of Language Study
- Aleksandra Jarosz, Nikolay Nevskiy's Miyakoan dictionary (PhD dissertation on Nikolai Nevsky's draft manuscript dictionary of Miyakoan)