Asụsụ ndị Ijoid
Ijoid bụ otu asụsụ a na-atụ aro ma ọ bụghị nke a na-egosipụta na-ejikọta Asụsụ Ijaw (Ịjọ) na Asụsụ Defaka dị n'ihe ize ndụ. Otú [1] dị, myirịta ahụ nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mmetụta Ijaw na Defaka.
Asụsụ ndị Ijoid, ma ọ bụ ikekwe naanị Ijaw, ka a tụrụ aro ka ha guzobe ngalaba dị iche iche nke ezinụlọ Niger-Congo a na-atụ anya ya ma depụta ya maka isiokwu ha-ihe-ngwaa usoro usoro okwu, nke bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na Niger-Congo, na-ekekọrịta naanị. site na alaka ndị dị anya dịka Mande na Dogon.re. Dị ka Mande na Dogon, Ijoid enweghị ọbụna akara nke usoro klas aha a na-ewere dị ka njirimara nke Niger-Congo, ya mere ọ nwere ike kewapụ n'oge site na ezinụlọ ahụ. [2] ọkà mmụta asụsụ Gerrit Dimmendaal na Tom Güldemann nwere obi abụọ banyere itinye ya na Niger-Congo kpamkpam ma were asụsụ Ijaw / Ijoid dị ka ezinụlọ nwere onwe ya. [3]
Okwu ntụnyere
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Nkọwa okwu ndị bụ isi maka Proto-Ijaw, Kalabari, na Defaka:
Asụsụ | anya | ntị | imi | ezé | ire | ọnụ | ọbara | ọkpụkpụ | osisi | mmiri | Iri nri | aha |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proto-Ijaw[4] | *ịdị n'anya3 | *ɓeri1 | *N'ihi na ọ bụ n'afọ 3 | *aka2 | *ɪɓɛɛɛɛʊ2 | *ɓɪpɪ2 | *dị ka ọ dị 1 | *Sịgbụ2 | *ịdị n'anya2 | *biji1 | *fɪɪ2 | *ɪrɛ2 |
Kalabari | Tọn | ɓeri | nínī | áká | Akpịrịka | ɓɪ́ɓɪ́ | Ugboro abụọ | Obutbɪ-ye, jumping | sɪn | minji | fɪ́ | Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya |
Defaka[5] | Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya | ɓasi | níni | nɪan | Mọntọnọ | Akpịrịkpa | ḿbua | ya mere | Ibotin | mbɪ́á | Ọ bụ n'oge gara aga | [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] |
Ọnụ ọgụgụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla: [6]
Nchịkọta | Asụsụ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Defaka | Defaka | Nkọwa okwu | ihe ịrịba ama | taato | Snow | Ị na-eme ihe nkiri | ma ọ bụ | Ubi (5 + 2?) | túàtùà (5 + 3?) | Ọ ga-abụ (5 + 4?) | wóì |
Ijo, Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Ebe Ugwu Ọwụwa | Nkoroo | ɡbɔ́rí | màmì | Tatar | Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya | sɔ́nɔ́ | bụ Ví | Saịdọrọ | nínì (4+4?) | n'ebe ahụ | Anya |
Ijo, Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Ebe Ugwu ỌwụwaAnyanwụ, Ọwụwa | Ibani | ŋ̀ɡɪ̀́́́́ | m̀mɛ́́́́ɛ́́́ | Ọrịa | na-adị n'obodo | sɔ́nɔ́ | soníɛ́ | Saịdọrọ | nke dị n'etiti | Eséníé | na ọ ga-abụ na ọ gafere |
Ijo, Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Ebe Ugwu ỌwụwaAnyanwụ, Ọwụwa | Okrika (Kalabari) | ŋ̀ɡèi | maɪ̃ | Ọrịa na-egbu egbu | ineĩ | N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ | Sonio | N'oge gara aga | nke iri na itoolu | Esenie | Oji, n'azụ |
Ijo, West Ijo | Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (1) | Keni | Nne | tǎrụ | N'ebe a na-agagharị agagharị | N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-eme ihe nkiri? | Sǒndie | Sọnọma | nínɡíni | isé | Ee |
Ijo, West Ijo | Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (2) | Keni | Nne | tǎrụ | N'ebe a na-agagharị agagharị | N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-eme ihe nkiri? | Sǒndie | Sọnọma | nínɡíni | isé | Ee |
Ijo, West Ijo | Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (3) | Keni | Maịl | tǎarụ | N'ebe a na-agagharị agagharị | N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-eme ihe nkiri? | Sǒndie | Sọnọma | níníni ma ọ bụ nínɡíni | isé | oyi/ ole |
Ijo, West, Inland Ijo | Okordia | Nkọwa | Ihe ijuanya | Ịgba chaa chaa | Ebe a bụ na | sɔ̃ɔ̃rɔ̃ | sɔ̃zie / sɔ̃zɪ | N'oge a na-adịghị anya | Maị na-eme ihe | Iji karama (10 - 1) | ejiji |
Akwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Jenewari, Charles E. W. (1989) 'Ijoid'. Na Bendor-Samuel, John na Hartell, Rhonda L. (ed.), Asụsụ Niger-Congo: Nchịkọta na nkọwa nke ezinụlọ asụsụ kachasị ukwuu n'Africa, 105-118. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1969. 'Igbo' na 'Ịjọ', isi nke 7 na 8 na: Asụsụ Naịjirịa Iri na Abụọ, ed. site n'aka E. Dunstan. Longmans
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1971. Asụsụ Benue-Congo na Ịjọ. Na: Current Trends in Linguistics, Vol. 7, usoro mbipụta. site na T. A. Sebeok, 245-306.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1988. Ihe akaebe asụsụ maka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Niger Delta. Na: The Prehistory of the Niger Delta, ed. site na E.J. Alagoa na ndị ọzọ. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1998. Defaka laghachiri. Usoro dị iche iche maka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Afrịka, nke Nkparom C. Ejituwu dezigharịrị, Isi nke 9, 151-183. Port Harcourt: Mahadum nke Port Harcoort Press.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2004. Ọnọdụ asụsụ na Niger Delta. Isi nke 2 na: Mmepe nke asụsụ Ịzọn, nke Martha L. Akpana dezigharịrị, 9-13.
- Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger-Congo', na Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek (eds) African Languages: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, peeji nke 11-42.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Roger Blench, Niger-Congo: an alternative view
- ↑ Dimmendaal (2011-01-01). Historical Linguistics and the Comparative Study of African Languages (in en). John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-9027211781.
- ↑ Babaev. "Joseph Greenberg and the Current State of Niger-Congo".
- ↑ Blench, Roger M. and Kay Williamson. 2007. Comparative Ijoid Word List. Unpublished Manuscript.
- ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
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- ↑ Chan (2019). The Niger-Congo Language Phylum. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ihe eji eme ihe (Roger Blench)