Asụsụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Kainji
| obere ụdị nke | Asụsụ Kainji  |
|---|
A na-asụ asụsụ East Kainji n'otu mpaghara dị na Jos_Jos Plateau na Naịjirịa, nso Jos. E nwere ihe karịrị 20 n'ime ha, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a na-amụ nke ọma.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Asụsụ East Kainji dị obere karịa ụfọdụ alaka Plateau ndị ọzọ dị na Middle Belt nke Naijiria (Blench 2007). [1]'akụkọ ihe mere eme, Asụsụ Chadic ndị na-adịghịzi n'ógbè ahụ emetụtala alaka East Kainji. [1], e nwere ihe karịrị 100,000 ndị na-asụ asụsụ East Kainji, ebe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ asụsụ niile nke asụsụ ndị ahụ na-eyi egwu site na asụsụ ndị buru ibu dị ka Hausa na Bekee. [1] bụ ezie na ha dị mfe n'ụzọ ọdịdị, ha nwere ụda ọkwa 4 kama ụda ọkwa 3 nke mpaghara ahụ.
N'oge mmeri ndị Britain, ọtụtụ n'ime asụsụ ndị a nọ na usoro mgbanwe site na duodecimal gaa na usoro decimal. [2] ndị a kwadoro na usoro ndị dị otú ahụ gụnyere Janji, Gure-Kahugu (Gbiri-Niragu) na Piti.
Ihe ndị e ji mara ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
E jiri ya tụnyere asụsụ ndị dị nso na Plateau, asụsụ East Kainji dị mfe. Ha nwere ụda ọkwa anọ, n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị na Middle Belt nke Naịjirịa nwere naanị ụda ọkwa atọ. Ụda [1] anọ n'asụsụ East Kainji malitere dị ka ụda dị elu nke a na-eji eme akara dị iche iche.
Mkpụrụ okwu n'asụsụ East Kainji na-emeghe n'ozuzu (CV). [1] [3] (2020) na-atụ aro na alaka East Kainji nwere njikọ chiri anya na Basa, ebe ọ bụ na ha abụọ nwere (C) V-CVCV phonotactic structures.
Nchịkọta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
[4] na-eche na East Kainji bụ alaka mbụ nke Asụsụ Kainji, mana nke a abụghịzi eziokwu. [5]'ụzọ na-akpali akpali, Piti na Atsam yiri ka ha dị iche, mana ndị ọzọ na-emepụta usoro asụsụ na-aga n'ihu.
Glottolog[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Nchịkọta Glottolog yiri nke Blench, mana aha Piti-Atsam ka dị. Na nkewa a, a na-achịkọta asụsụ niile ma e wezụga Piti-Atsam n'okpuru "Jos". Amo, mgbe ọ nọ n'ime otu "Jos", hapụrụ Kauru na Jera (ma ọ bụ "Northern Jos", na-esote Blench). [6]
Naanị Kurama, Gbiri-Niragu, Jere, Sanga na Lemoro nwere ihe karịrị puku ndị na-ekwu okwu.
Aha na ebe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta zuru oke nke aha asụsụ East Kainji, ndị mmadụ, na ebe ndị sitere na Blench (2019). [7]
Ntụnyere nke okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Tebụl [3]-esonụ na-egosi otu na ọtụtụ ụdị maka 'ogwe aka, aka' site na ụdị asụsụ dị iche iche nke East Kainji. Aha n[8] dị n'ime oghere sitere na Williamson (1972). [1] Blench (2020) jikọtara data ahụ site na Williamson (1972), Shimizu (1979, 1982),[9][10][11] na data Blench a na-ebipụtaghị.
| Asụsụ | Ìgwè | 'ogwe aka, aka' | 'ogwe aka, aka' |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bishi (Piti) | Ndịda | Moɔk | |
| Atsam (Chaw) | Ndịda | Igo | |
| Kudu (Kuda) | Ningi | Ọ̀ bụ nna | |
| Camo (Cham) | Ningi | Ugboro ole na ole | |
| Gamo (Buta) | Ningi | ù-ʔára | à-ʔára |
| Gyem (Gyem) | Mma agha | ò-mek | cè-rèèku |
| Shau | Mma agha | u-ʔara | tu-ʔara |
| Ọ bụrụ na | Lere | àya | |
| Mmeri | Lere | ù-ʔaya | |
| Takaya (Taur) | Lere | na-aga | |
| Izora | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | ù-ʔara | tàara |
| eMoro | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | wàʔara | tàara |
| Sanga | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | ò-ʔàra | tà-ʔàra |
| Janji (Janj) | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | tààre | |
| εBoze (Buji) | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | ò-wàrè | tàre |
| iZele | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | ò-warè | tà-are |
| iBunu (Ribn) | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | Ọ ga-abụrịrị na | tà-aré |
| iPanawa | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | Ọ ga-abụrịrị na | M ga-abụrịrị |
| iLoro | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | Ọ ga-abụrịrị na | tàáré |
| iGuta | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | ù-wɨrɨ | tɨ̀-ɨ̀rɨ |
| tiMap (Amo) | Ebe ugwu nke etiti | Ọ ga-abụrịrị | n'ebe a na-anọ |
| Ziriya † | Sheni | Ayí | |
| Sheni (Shen) | Sheni | taya | Uta-taya |
| Gbiri | Kauru | ka-kiara | na- |
| Niragu | Kauru | Ka-ara | Kahu |
| Surubu (Surb) | Kauru | Ka-ara | na- |
| Kurama (Krma) | Kauru | aré | ya- |
| Kono | Kauru | u-ihu | ihu m |
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndepụta nke Proto-Northern Jos reconstructions (Wiktionary)
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
, n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị na Middle Belt nke Naịjirịa nwere naanị ụda ọkwa atọ. Ụda anọ n'asụsụ East Kainji malitere
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Blench, Roger. 2007. Language families of the Nigerian Middle Belt and the historical implications of their distribution. Presented to the Jos Linguistic Circle in Jos, Nigeria, July 25, 2007.
- ↑ Shuji Matsushita, "Decimal vs. Duodecimal: An interaction between two systems of numeration"
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Blench, Roger. 2020. The East Kainji languages of Central Nigeria.
- ↑ Roger Blench: Kainji languages. www.rogerblench.info.
- ↑ Blench 2004, The status of the East Kainji languages of Central Nigeria, p. 8
- ↑ Glottolog 3.0 - Kainji Lake (en). glottolog.org. Retrieved on 2017-07-19.
- ↑ Blench (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages, 4th, Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
- ↑ Williamson, Kay .1972. Benue-Congo comparative wordlist: Vol. 2. Ibadan: West African Linguistic Society.
- ↑ Shimizu, Kiyoshi. 1979. Five wordlists with analyses from the northern Jos group of Plateau languages. In: Afrika und Übersee 62, 4: 253-271.
- ↑ Shimizu, Kiyoshi. 1982a. Ten more wordlists with analyses from the northern Jos group of Plateau languages. In: Afrika und Übersee 65, 1: 97-134.
- ↑ Shimizu, Kiyoshi. 1982b. Die Nord-Jos-Gruppe der Plateausprachen Nigerias. In: Afrika und Übersee 65, 2: 161-210. Westermann, Dietrich & Margaret A. Bryan 1952. Languages of West Africa: Part II. London: OUP for IAI.
Isiokwu a gụnyere ederede dị n'okpuru ikikere CC BY 3.0.
- ComparaLex, nchekwa data na ndepụta okwu East Kainji