Bettye Washington Greene
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Njikota Obodo Amerika |
| Aha ọmụmụ | Bettye Washington |
| aha enyere | Bettye |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | Washington, Greene |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 20 Maachị 1935 |
| Ebe ọmụmụ | Fort Worth |
| Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya | 16 Jụn 1995 |
| Ebe ọ nwụrụ | Midland |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | injinia, chemist |
| onye were ọrụ | Dow Chemical Company |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Wayne State University, Tuskegee University |
| agbụrụ | Ndi Afrika nke Amerika |
Bettye Washington Greene (March 20, 1935 - June 16, 1995) bụ onye Amerika na-eme nnyocha na ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ bụ nwaanyị Afrịka-Amerika mbụ Ph.D. chemist na-arụ ọrụ n'ọkwa ọkachamara na Dow Chemical Company. Na Dow, ọ nyochara latex na polymers.[1] A na-ewere Dr. Greene dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ mbụ nke Afrika-Amerika na sayensị.[2]
Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Bettye Washington na Fort Worth, Texas.[3] Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na I.M. Terrell High School n'ihe dị ka afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri ise na abụọ.
Ọ banyere Tuskegee Institute na Alabama, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na B.S. na kemịkal nafo otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri ise na ise. Mgbe ọ lụrụ Veteran Air force Captain William Miller Greene n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri ise na ise, ọ gara Mahadum Wayne State na Detroit, ebe ọ nwetara Ph.D. ya na kemịkal anụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na Wilfred Heller(1962).[4] Ọ kụzikwaara ụmụ akwụkwọ kemịkal n'oge a.[5] E bipụtara akwụkwọ doctoral ya, "Determination of particle size distributions in emulsions by light scattering" n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri isii na ise.[6]
A hoputara ya na Sigma Xi, Scientific Research Society.[3]
Ọrụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Dow Chemical
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri isii na ise, Greene sonyeere Dow Chemical Company's E. C. Britton Research Laboratory na Midland, Michigan. Ọ bụ nwaanyị Afrịka-Amerịka mbụ sonyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ọkwa ọkachamara.[1] Dr. Greene jere ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na nsogbu Polymers na Saran Research Laboratory na otu Styrene Butadiene (SB) Latex na-ejikarị nkà ya na ihe ọmụma ya.[7] Na Dow, ọ nyochara colloid na latex chemistry, gụnyere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti latex na akwụkwọ.[3]
N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asaa, a kwalitere Dr. Greene ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nyocha kemist na Dow Chemical. N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asaa na atọ, ọ sonyeere Dow Chemical's Designed Polymers Research Division, na-arụ ọrụ ọzọ na latex, iji chọta polymers nwere ike imezi latex.[3] E mechara bulie ya n'ọkwa nke ọkachamara nyocha n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asaa na ise.[7] Ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na Dow Chemical ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri iteghete.[1][3][8] O bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na-amụ banyere ihe dị iche iche nke na-eme ka latex dịghachi.[9] O bipụtakwara ọrụ na-amụ usoro iji chọpụta nrụgide elu nke mmiri ma ọ bụ ngwọta.[10] Ọ hapụrụ Dow Chemical n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri iteghete.
Dr. Greene gbara akwụkwọ maka ọtụtụ ikike n'oge ọrụ ya na Dow Chemical. N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asatọ na ise e nyere ya akwụkwọ ikike nke isiokwu ya bụ "Stable latexes containing phosphorus surface groups" na-akọwa usoro nke ịkwadebe mpempe akwụkwọ mkpuchi nke gụnyere mgbakwunye site na ihe dị ka pasent abụọ ruo ihe dị ka pasent iri atọ nke latex gbanwere nke nwere phosphorus surface groups.[11] N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asatọ na isii e nyere ya akwụkwọ ikike na-esote nke isiokwu ya bụ "Composite sheet prepared with stable latexes containing phosphorus surface groups" na-ejikwa usoro emulsion polymerization maka ịkwadebe latex gbanwere.[12] N'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri iteghete e nyere Dr. Greene ikike nke isiokwu ya bụ "Latex based adhesive prepared by emulsion polymerization" maka imepụta latex based pressure sensitive adhesive for coating conventional substrates to form an adhesive tape.[13]
Mgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ nke onyinye na sayensị nke polymers, ọ nwụrụ na Midland n'onwa June 16, otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri iteghete na ise.[8]
Greene bụ onye so n'akwụkwọ iwu nke Midland, Michigan Alumni Chapter nke Delta Sigma Theta sorority, otu ọrụ ọha na eze na-ekwusi ike na ọrụ ya na ụmụ nwaanyị Afrika-America.[1] A kwadoro isi Midland n'afọ otú pụkụ narị iteghete na iri asatọ na anọ.[14][15]
Patents
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Greene nwere ọtụtụ ikike gụnyere ihe nkedo dabeere na latex site na iji carboxylic acid copolymerizing agent, na latex polymers na phosphates eji dị ka mkpuchi:[16][9]
- 4968740: Latex-based adhesive prepared by emulsion polymerization
- 4609434: Mpempe akwụkwọ mejupụtara nke a kwadebere na latexes kwụsiri ike nke nwere ìgwè elu phosphorus
- 4506057: Latexes na-adịgide adịgide nke nwere ìgwè elu phosphorus
Ndensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kativa. From African-American History to Women's History Month: Today we celebrate Dr. Betty Greene. Chemical Heritage Foundation. Retrieved on 22 March 2014.
- ↑ The Complete List of Genius Black Inventors, Scientists and Engineers That Changed the World (en-US). interestingengineering.com (2018-05-04). Archived from the original on 2020-07-12. Retrieved on 2020-07-12.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Warren (1999). Black women scientists in the United States. Bloomington, Ind. [u.a.]: Indiana University Press, 109–110. ISBN 0253336031.
- ↑ Heller (August 1966). "Surface tension measurements by means of the "microcone tensiometer"". Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 22 (2): 179–194. DOI:10.1016/0021-9797(66)90082-8. PMID 5983141.
- ↑ Warren, Wini. (1999). Black women scientists in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 109. ISBN 0-253-33603-1. OCLC 42072097.
- ↑ Greene (1965). Determination of particle size distributions in emulsions by light scattering. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University, Dept. of Chemistry.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dr. Bettye Washington Greene (1935-1995) (en). Science History Institute Digital Collections. Retrieved on 2020-06-10.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Dr. Bettye Washington Greene.... Blacksciencefictionsociety (2020-02-17). Retrieved on 2020-06-10.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9 black chemists you should know about (en). 9 black chemists you should know about. Retrieved on 2020-06-10.
- ↑ Heller (1966-08-01). "Surface tension measurements by means of the "microcone tensiometer"" (in en). Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 22 (2): 179–194. DOI:10.1016/0021-9797(66)90082-8. ISSN 0021-9797.
- ↑ US Patent for Stable latexes containing phosphorus surface groups Patent (Patent # 4,506,057 issued March 19, 1985) - Justia Patents Search. patents.justia.com. Retrieved on 2020-08-16.
- ↑ US Patent for Composite sheet prepared with stable latexes containing phosphorus surface groups Patent (Patent # 4,609,434 issued September 2, 1986) - Justia Patents Search. patents.justia.com. Retrieved on 2020-08-16.
- ↑ US Patent for Latex based adhesive prepared by emulsion polymerization Patent (Patent # 4,968,740 issued November 6, 1990) - Justia Patents Search. patents.justia.com. Retrieved on 2020-08-16.
- ↑ Our History. Midland Alumnae Chapter. Retrieved on 1 April 2014.
- ↑ Wade. "Delta Sigma Theta Sorority (Midland chapter) brings women together to celebrate 30th", Midland Daily News, 15 March 2014. Retrieved on 1 April 2014.
- ↑ Patents by Inventor Bettye W. Greene. Justia Patents. Retrieved on 22 March 2014.