Ebe a na-egwupụta ihe na Jagersfontein
Jagersfontein Mine / ˌjeɪɡərz ˈfɒnteɪn / bụ ogbunigwe mepere emepe na South Africa , nke dị nso na obodo Jagersfontein na ihe dịka 110 kilometers (68 miles) ndị na-azụ ihuenyo nke Bloemfontein . [1] [2] Ebe ọ bụ na e hiwere ya na mbụ, [3] [4] abụọ n'ime diamond iri siri ike mgbasala, Excelsior na Reitz (nke a na-akpọ Jubili ogbugbu a), bụ ndị Jagersfontein ikike . [2] E chepụtala okwu ahụ bụ "Jagers" iji gosi ụdị agba na-acha ihe nke bara nnukwu uru sitere na ebe a na-egwupụta ihe. [5] N'etiti ndị ọkà na-asụ mbara ala, a mara Jagersfontein dị ka ọkpọkọ kimberlite, [6] na mpaghara bụ isi maka mantle xenoliths, ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-akpọ na ha sitere na omimi nke 300–500 km (190). -310 mi) . [1] [1]
Akụkọ mmalite
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Achọpụtara ogbunigwe ahụ na 1870. Onye ọrụ ugbo JJ de Klerk chọtara diamond mbụ, nkume nke carats 50 n'August nke afọ ahụ, na-egwu ala ozugbo malitere, malite ọsọ ọsọ diamond . Nchọpụta nke izu ole na ole ka e mesịrị nke ogbunigwe ndị bara ụba nke ukwuu na Bultfontein na Du Toits Pan, na-esote nnukwu ihe a chọtara na De Beers na Colesberg Kop (Kimberley) mere ka a na-eleghara Jagersfontein anya ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ruo 1887 ihe ndị a na-ekwu na ogbunigwe ahụ bụ ndị nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị mmadụ, ma na-adaba na mbọ a na-eme iji mejupụta mmasị na ogbunigwe Kimberley, otu mmegharị ahụ mere na Jagersfontein, na ka ọ na-erule 1893 nkwupụta ahụ nile ghọrọ ihe onwunwe nke otu ụlọ ọrụ., nke nwere nhazi ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ De Beers .
Ndụ mmepụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe dị ka nde 9.6 carats (1,900 n'arọ) nke ọla -ọdịdị ola diamond ka ewepụtara n'oge ncheta afụ nke m na-arụ ọrụ, ọrụ agha ụwa abụọ na oke ike mba n'obi . [1] Mgbe afọ iri atọ na-ahụ nke ogbunigwe meghere olulu, ikiri ala n'okpuru ala na 1909, wee gaa n'ihu ruo mgbe emechiri ya na Mee 28, 1971; Ihe na- ụmụaka otu awụ mgbe awụ nke iri nke egwu diamond mbụ na mpaghara ahụ. [2] [3] ahụ, ụlọ ihe ngosi nka mepere emepe na obodo Jagers Mining kwuruwo dị ka ebe ndị njem nlegharị anya na saịtị ahụ.
onye polisini ihe mere eme bụ Steve Lunderstedt mere na 2005 na ogbunigwe ahụ bụ nnukwu oghere e gwupụtara n'ụwa na 19.65 hectare (48.6 acres), buru ibu ụfọdụ nnukwu oghere nke 17 ha (acres 42) na Kimberley, nke nara. aha ya ruo mgbe ahụ. Ma anya anya, ọ bụghị ihe kacha omimi, ebe ọ bụ na omimi nke nnukwu oghere ruru 220 m (720 ft) ma ọ bụ ebe. E ji aka gwuru Jagersfontein ruo omimi nke 200 m (660 ft) site na 1911
Ugbu a, ọha na eze emechiela ebe a na-egwupụta ihe. [2]
Ọgba aghara Jagersfontein
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọtụtụ ndị na-egwuputa ihe ma ọ bụ 'ọgba aghara' mere n'etiti 1913 na 1914 na ogbunigwe Koffiefontein, Klipdam, Randfontein, Kimberley, Premier mines na Jagersfontein mines. Ọnwụ n'ihi agbapụ na ogbunigwe Premier na nke ọma dị ka ogbunigwe Jagersfontein mere ka mgbasa ozi dị elu karịa ndị ogbunigwe ndị ọzọ mere n'oge ahụ.
Okwu ndị metụtara ndị Sotho na ọgbaghara kpalitere gụnyere: Oké ịda mbà n'obi, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na South Africa bụ nke siri ike karịa Basotholand yana arịrịọ mbụ ka e nyefee ókèala Britain n'aka South Africa Union. Ihe kacha wute n'okwu ndị a bụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo dịka ya, yana ịda mbà n'obi akụ na ụba, na-etinye nrụgide dị ukwuu n'ahụ ndị ọrụ na-akwaga mba ọzọ ịlaghachi ego n'ụlọ na Basotholand. [3]
Oke ụmụ na ndị nwoke na Jagersfontein bụ 16: 1 nke bụ ihe na-adịghị mma maka obodo Free State na dị ka oke nke ụmụ akwụkwọ so na-egosi iwe na Jagersfontein kwuru ndị ọzọ nke oge ya. Ka o sina dị, ndị echiche na Jagersfontein mere ihe siri ike n'ahụ ụmụ ndị na-etinye aka na ike ahụ ike ihe omume na March 1913 bụ ebe onye ọrụ uwe ojii mechiri ebe bantu, ụlọ nke ọ ALA ma nwee ka akwụkwọ na ebe egbe. E jidere ihe dị ka anụmanụ 61, nke ihe nkiri nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 50% nwere agba .
[4]A kpọrọ diamond Reitz aha mbụ Francis William Reitz, onye isi ala steeti Orange Free State nke Jagersfontein dị na ya. N'afọ sochirinụ bụ Jubilee Diamond nke Queen Victoria (ememe nke afọ 60 nke echichi ya) ya mere a nha aha ahụ bara nnukwu uru Jubilee diamond iji mee ememe ahụ.
A na-ekpofu ihe nkwakọba ihe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]. [5] [6] [7] [8]Achọpụtara ikpe dị na Disemba 2007, De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd, mkpofu mkpofu ihe mere eme ka n'okpuru iwu nke Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act . Usoro iwu njikwa gburugburu ebe obibi niile ka etinyere ya [9]
Otu ụlọ ọrụ aha ya bụ Son Op malitere ịrụ ọrụ nrụzigharị dị ntakịrị na ogbunigwe ahụ na Septemba 2010 tupu ọ gbanwee aha ya gaa na mmepe Jagersfontein. Reinet Investments nke Luxembourg tinyere aka na 2011, mana emesịa ree ya na Stargems Group n'oge mbido 2022. [10] Na 11 Septemba 2022 mkpọda apịtị gburu mmadụ atọ ma kpọga mmadụ 40 n'ụlọ ọgwụ yana ịhapụ ọtụtụ ndị chụpụrụ mgbe mgbidi dam ọdụ m dara dara wee gbawaa.
Ntụaka
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ "Jagersfontein Mine, Jagersfontein, Free State Province, South Africa", Mindat.org
- ↑ Open Africa - Open Mine Jagersfonteign. Archived from the original on 2014-02-18. Retrieved on 2014-07-20.
- ↑ Scott Rosenberg, Richard F. Weisfelder. Historical Dictionary of Lesotho. Scarecrow Press, 13 Jun 2013 page xxv
- ↑ The Jubilee Diamond
- ↑ De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and Others (3215/06) [2007] ZAFSHC 74 (13 December 2007).
- ↑ De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and others (12 December 2007).
- ↑ The Unregulated Terrain of Historic Mine Dumps in South Africa (8 July 2020).
- ↑ Engineering News - 'Historic dumps' do not appear to be MPRDA regulated – law firm. Archived from the original on 2024-04-06. Retrieved on 2024-04-06.
- ↑ Badenhorst (January 2010). "Status of tailings dumps : Let's go working in the past?". Stellenbosch Law Review 21 (1): 116–131.
- ↑ IOL: Free State town forgotten in history